Catalpa is also known as the velvet tree, a small deciduous tree of the genus Catalpa in the family Rosaceae. The sprigs are young with villi and the buds have white villi. Odd pinnate compound leaves, 11 to 15 leaflets, ovate lanceolate or oval lanceolate, the back of the leaf is pink and white, with villi. The inflorescence of the compound umbrella house is apex and the clusters of white flowers are grown. The fruit is nearly spherical and red. The flowering period is from May to June, and the fruit ripening period is from September to October. The trees are full of trees in autumn, and they are extremely gorgeous. The same genus of ornamental species includes Huangshan catalpa tree, the tree shape is short and colorful, and the vermilion is gorgeous, which adds a lot of color to the autumn mountain forest. It is mainly produced in Huangshan, Anhui Province, and is a tree species composed of mountain dwarf forests. It is distributed in Anhui, Zhejiang, Fujian and other provinces.
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It is a warm temperate tree species, which is mostly distributed in the basin from North China to the Yangtze River. There are cultivated trees in gardens around the world as excellent fruit tree species. It is more shade tolerant and prefers humid environments, and grows luxuriantly between mountain streams, valleys and shady slopes. Requires acidic or slightly acidic loam soils.
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Propagate with seeds, harvest ripe fruits in autumn and October, rub off the peel after soaking, dry the seeds, treat them with sand accumulation, and sow them the next spring. The strips are sown at a distance of 20 cm, covered with sieved fine soil, with no seeds as the degree, often keep the bed soil moist, about 1 month after the germination of seedlings, the following spring before germination transplantation.
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(1) Potted plants
The real seedlings of Huangshan catalpa are used as rootstock, with catalpa - annual branches as scion, grafted into live seedlings, can play a dwarfing role, suitable for pot cultivation after potting watering, placed in the shade, and then gradually displayed in a scattered light place for maintenance, see dry watering, keep the pot soil moist, but also should not collapse water. Potting soil is best made of mountain mud humus soil, or weathered pond soil. Usually, watering can mix a small amount of ferrous sulfate at intervals to keep the soil acidic and conducive to the growth of catalpa. Apply the dilute pancake fertilizer that has rotted several times during the growing period to promote flowering and fruiting. After the leaves are dropped, the shape is pruned, and the long branches and overlapping branches are cut off to maintain the beautiful shape of the tree. Turn over the pots every 2 to 3 years, replace 1/2 of the soil, cultivate the fertile cultivation soil, and apply cake chips and bone meal as the base fertilizer at the bottom of the pot.
(2) Ground planting
It is a fine garden tree planted next to the garden pond, in the corner of the wall or on the side of the rockery, with bright flowers and red fruits and full of branches. Before planting, digging a hole should be exchanged for humus soil or pond soil, and the bottom of the hole should be applied with decomposing manure or chicken and poultry manure as the base fertilizer. Large seedlings should bring soil balls. Colonization in the budding stage. Daily management pays attention to weeding and loosening the soil, early irrigation, topdressing organic fertilizer, and increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers at the flower and fruit stages, which helps the flowers to flourish.
(3) Pest control
The main insect pest is hawthorn powder butterfly, which is harmful to buds and leaves in early spring, and after the larvae hatch, they are sprayed with 90% of the dichlorvos 1,000 times the liquid.
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The flowers and leaves are beautiful, the autumn red fruits are abundant, very gorgeous, and it is a very good ornamental tree species with both flowers and fruits. The tree has a beautiful shape and sparse branches, and is often planted for garden ornamentation, and can be potted after dwarfing. The fruit can be made into jam or medicinally.