In order to maintain the illegal rule of puppet Manchukuo, the Japanese militarists actually set up an ideological gendarmerie that is unique in human history so far.
The gendarmes are the police in the army, the special branches of the army that maintain military discipline, and what kind of strange thing is the ideological gendarme?
On August 8, 1933, the Guidelines for Manchukuo, concocted by the Japanese Cabinet, came out of nowhere, deciding that the commander of the Kwantung Army and the imperial ambassador to Manchuria would be under internal control. In addition to the "sub-chief system", the most illustrative event of the so-called internal control is Hideki Tojo's appointment as commander of the gendarmerie of the Kwantung Army.
Hideki Tojo
After Tojo became the commander of the gendarmerie of the Kwantung Army, he immediately expanded the gendarmerie of the Kwantung Army, which originally had only more than 200 people, to several thousand, and all Manchukuo at or above the county level (including counties) set up gendarmerie units. In addition, a "thought class" that is unique in human history has been set up in the gendarmerie corps, and the gendarmes in the ideological class are called ideological gendarmes. The ideological gendarmes, from their actions to their words and thoughts, exercise comprehensive control over the Chinese.
The specific work of the Ideological Gendarmerie is:
1. Rectify and inspect publications and media. Organize publications and control media campaigns.
2. Inspect textbooks for colleges, middle schools, and primary schools, and check the teaching plans of Chinese teachers.
3. Organize large-scale activities to ensure the safety of activity content.
4. Check and correct all kinds of "erroneous" ideas of civil society.
5. Severely punish those who create or disseminate speech that is unfavorable to the puppet state of Manchukuo, the Japanese state, the Yamato nation, and the Imperial Japanese Army.
Rectify and censor publications and media. Organize publications and control media campaigns
In 1935, Manchukuo had a long list of banned books, and according to incomplete statistics, as many as 437 Chinese and foreign books entered this list after August 1935 alone. Only a year later, all publications were banned except those in Japan and Pseudo-Manchukuo.
Any act of selling, reprinting, reading, commenting on, or carrying non-Japanese-occupied publications in puppet Manchukuo is regarded as a "treasonous thought crime." The kingdom here refers to the puppet state of Manchukuo.
At that time, there were migrant workers who had gone to Manchukuo from Guannei and were arrested simply because they had wrapped some miscellaneous items in a Newspaper in Guannei.
During the period of puppet Manchukuo, with the participation of the ideological gendarmerie and the literary and artistic troops, a large number of publications, movies, and picture albums were published to praise the puppet Manchukuo. The media, which were completely controlled by the Japanese and puppets, boasted all the time that "Manchukuo is the promised land of the king", "a new country that has brought the greatest happiness to 30 million people", and "the seventh economic entity in the world that has surpassed the Japanese mainland and pursued the Virtues and the Soviet Union" (see newspapers and magazines during the puppet Manchukuo period).
Between the lines, the Japanese militarists seem to be the saviors of the people of Northeast China. But it is this savior who does not even give the "happy people" freedom of thought and speech.
Inspection of textbooks and lectures in colleges, middle and primary schools has triggered many lesson plans
In the textbooks of puppet Manchukuo, not only can anti-intellectual propaganda such as "Manchuria is the inherent territory of the Manchus" be seen at any time, but the first lesson in the primary school textbook is the shameful indoctrination of loving the emperor and loving Manchukuo.
In addition to instilling such reactionary ideas in textbooks and poisoning children's minds, the ideological gendarmes also exercise strict control over teachers. In addition to the famous "Massacre of Andong (now Dandong, Liaoning)", the lesson plan of the First "Two-Level" Middle School (now Ha Yi Middle School) in Binjiang Province is also one of the strange dramas in that inhuman environment:
Two-level middle schools refer to two departments, including junior high school and high school. At the beginning of 1938, Lu Jiacheng, a Chinese teacher at the first and second grade middle schools in Binjiang Province, inadvertently recited Wen Tianxiang's famous poem "Crossing Zero Ding Yang" while teaching, and was immediately reported by "patriotic students surnamed Ma", arrested by the gendarmerie, and died tragically after being tortured.
This act of banditry provoked the indignation of teachers and students, and protested for months. Later, Harbin secret services and police intervened and detained more than 30 people, including teachers, staff and students. The pseudo-"Minutes of Solemn Rectification (Binjiang Province, 1938 volume)" records this incident, and the novel "Harbin at Night" also uses this event as the background of the plot.
Now Ha Yi Middle School
Under the strict control of the ideological gendarmes, ideological and speech criminals in puppet Manchukuo emerged one after another. How did the murderous aggressors deal with our compatriots?
There are correctional camps that go back and grief-stricken speech offenders
The correctional camp is a concentration camp for puppet Manchukuo to punish ideological, speech, and economic prisoners (Chinese who steal fine grain).
According to local chronicles in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, the chances of prisoners entering the corrections camps coming out alive are very small, because most of them are unhealed wounds and forced to engage in heavy physical labor such as digging coal and building fortifications under the condition of extreme food shortages. Among them, ideological and speech criminals who were forced to build the building base were collectively executed on the spot after completion or basic completion. Fortifications, which are the Japanese word for fortresses and permanent fortifications.
Between 1938 and 1939, as many as 4,000 "criminals" were accepted by the two correctional battalions under the jurisdiction of Hegang City (now in Heilongjiang) alone. During the Japanese rule, there were more than 80 such correctional camps in Manchukuo. Some people have made statistics that there are about 300,000 to 400,000 innocent Chinese who have been thrown into correction camps by puppet Manchukuo for crimes of thought and speech.
What kind of speech is a crime of speech? The answer is simple – anything is possible!
In 1992, I interviewed Mr. Wang Tifu, counselor of Heilongjiang Province and librarian of the Museum of Culture and History, the old man was once a senior diplomat of puppet Manchukuo, known as "Schindler of Manchukuo", and he told me two stories about the crime of ideological gendarmes weaving speech -
Wang Tifu old man
Story One
The protagonist is a rickshaw puller.
The coachman had a flaw and stuttered when he was nervous. Once, when the emperor was ten thousand years old, he was nervous because there were two devils (Koreans) patrolling the police around him, so he stuttered. The Emperor, who became emperor, was arrested for desecration of the emperor's speech.
Story two
The protagonist is a low-level clerk at the puppet Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Manchukuo.
After the cocktail party to celebrate the emperor's birthday, the protagonist casually said: Japanese sake is not as strong as our Chinese small yaki (small pot fired liquor).
On the report of his colleagues, he was convicted of defaming imperial speech. Originally, it was planned to be sent to the correctional camp, but because the protagonist's wife and daughter not only scattered their family wealth, but also "sacrificed themselves" to rescue them, they were able to "dismiss their duties and strictly control them" to deal with them. Note that it is not public office that is removed, but service. The unlucky protagonist, in addition to the cost of family wealth and wife and daughter, was also beaten to the point of lameness.
Originally prepared to lament the tragic urge of the protagonist's fate, the old man Wang Tifu added another sentence:
Because she worked as a puppet government clerk, her daughter married a pseudo-policeman, and in 1951, the protagonist's remaining good leg was also crippled.
The unfortunate protagonist survived for more than ten years on crutches, and when he received the notice of the patriotic Red Guards' raiders, he resolutely threw himself into the well and ended his tragic life.
Whistleblowers are traitors who wag their tails and beg for mercy!
Looking through the Japanese and pseudo-archives, I was not surprised to find that in almost all the brief descriptions of speech crimes and ideological crimes, there were the words "reported by patriotic people." To report is to report.
The country loved by the so-called patriots is, of course, the puppet state of Manchukuo. The purpose of their hollowing out and reporting their compatriots is more often than a mouthful of dog food.
Looking through the history of puppet Manchukuo, we will find that not only did Zhengzheng boys such as Zhao Shangzhi, Yang Jingyu, and Chang Longji die at the hands of informants, but many innocent people also died because of the informants of their compatriots around them.
Why is this happening? This is related to the three policies of Japan and Falsity.
Policy 1: Reward whistleblowers heavily
The Japanese did not hesitate to pay for the rewards offered by the anti-Manchu anti-Japanese people, and they once offered Zhao Shangzhi, Yang Jingyu, Wang Yachen, and Li Yanlu a reward of "one coin and one gold, one or two flesh and one silver."
Li Yanlu and Wang Yachen can baidu, the general situation is basically accurate, and only the above four generals of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition who "enjoy" this reward are the above! Another person who enjoyed this appreciation was far away in Chongqing, and his name was Dai Kasa.
Ordinary traitors cannot of course be informed of these people, and they cannot be rewarded, but they can betray and frame their compatriots.
For the dog traitors who report the crime of speech and thought, the reward of the Japanese is not low.
The "Love Manchukuo Ma Student" who reported the teachers of the first and second middle schools in Binjiang Province received a bonus of 500 yuan (pseudo-Manchukuo currency, commonly known as sheep tickets) issued by the pseudo-Binjiang Provincial Government.
500 yuan, equivalent to a year's salary of an ordinary Chinese employee of Mantetsu. Because sheep tickets are not exchangeable for gold or silver, calculate them with pork to estimate the actual value:
During the puppet Manchukuo period, pork was 1 dime, 2 cents a catty. Therefore, 500 sheep tickets can buy more than 4,000 pounds of pork. Even today, it has to be said that it is a huge amount of money.
Policy two: give whistleblowers "people" treatment.
This policy should be more attractive. During the puppet Manchu period, except for a few traitors, the common people of puppet Manchukuo had no qualifications at all.
To take a simple example, the puppet Manchus never regarded the common people as citizens, not even their subjects. The name of the identity document issued by Manchukuo to the common people is actually "Good Citizen Certificate". It must be said that this is a humiliating title.
Ordinary good citizens do not have any political rights, and there is no possibility of entering the "civil service" sequence. How can we get rid of the identity that the "good people" in the name of "good people" are actually untouchables? There are only three roads.
First, acquire a skill and become a skilled worker or a doctor, nurse, or pharmacist.
Second, join the puppet Manchu forces.
Third, meritorious service. Meritorious service includes reporting innocent compatriots.
Still taking the first and second level middle school teaching plan in Binjiang Province as an example, the reported students surnamed Ma were recruited as employees by the pseudo-Harbin municipal government before they graduated, and since then they have had the treatment of people and begun a career of "serving" until they were liquidated after their recovery.
Policy three: Reporting starts with the doll.
Instilling in children, especially young children, the glory of reporting, reporting can make meritorious achievements, and reporting is the evil idea of loving Manchukuo, directly poisoning the child's young heart.
There is no doubt that this is a policy of destroying the traditional inheritance of the Chinese nation, and its evil is no less than any massacre with a knife and a knife!
Sin by thought, sin by words – such tragedies take place in puppet Manchukuo. Puppet Manchukuo is an evil regime, and only an evil regime will allow itself to lie, but not the people to speak up.
The disappearance of the puppet state of Manchukuo does not mean that history will forget, but history will remember the shame suffered by the nation.