During the growth of bitter melon, the occurrence of insect pests such as snails seriously affects its quality and yield, and reduces the planting income of farmers. This article will introduce in detail the hazards, occurrence characteristics and control methods of bitter melon snails, hoping to help farmers better control the occurrence of this pest.
Hazard characteristics:
Snails that harm greenhouse vegetables are mainly the same type of snail and gray snail, belonging to the mollusk phylum, snail family, commonly known as the snail snail, buffalo. It is distributed everywhere, and the food is miscellaneous, mainly harming melons, solanaceae, cruciferous and other vegetables. Feeding on adults and larvae, young leaves and young stems are often gnawed into irregular holes or missing carvings, and the seedling stage can bite off the seedlings, resulting in missing seedlings and ridges.
Occurrence characteristics:
Snails live in damp shrubs, grasses, stones, soil blocks under pots and at the roots of crops, crevices and greenhouses in dark, damp, humus-rich places. There are two types of annual life cycles, with most of the population mating between April and May, laying 30 to 35 eggs. The hatching snails only eat the leaf flesh, leaving the surface layer, and the juvenile snail calendar period is 6 to 7 months, and the snail aging period is 5 to 10 months. Nocturnal, during the day often lurks in fallen leaves, flower pots, under earth bricks, in soil gaps, adults also winter in these places. Complete a generation of 1 to 1.5 years. Autumn spawning types are overwintered with young snails, continue to grow in spring and summer, and spawn in autumn, warm and humid environment is conducive to its occurrence, and activity is enhanced after rain.
Prevention and control methods:
(1) Agricultural prevention and control advocate mulch film cover cultivation, the shed should be ventilated and transparent, remove all kinds of debris and weeds, and keep the room clean and dry. Autumn ploughing is carried out, so that the overwintering shells and young shells are exposed and frozen to death, and the eggs are burst by the sun.
(2) Artificial trapping of snails lies out of the night and endangers at dusk. In the shed, it can be made into a lure pile of tiles, vegetable leaves, weeds, leaves, etc., and concentrated on catching before dawn.
(3) Pharmaceutical control can be used per mu 5~ 7. 5 kg of quicklime powder, made into a blockade zone around the greenhouse and at the edge of the farmland ditch, can also be sprayed with 70 to 100 times diluted ammonia to kill, or polyacetaldehyde is formulated with active ingredient 2. 5% to 6% of soybean cake or corn flour poison bait, sprinkled in the evening in snails frequented areas; or with 0. 75% in addition to snail powder 0. 5 kg, or 6% Mida snail granules 0. 6 kg mixed into poisonous soil or mixed with rice bran, grass, etc. into poisonous bait, the effect is also very good.