On October 6, 1981, the military music of Victory Square in Cairo, the capital of Egypt, sounded in unison, flags flew everywhere, people were boiling, and from time to time there were bursts of cheers and warm applause, and the country was holding a military parade to commemorate the victory of the October War.
Egyptian President Eibar Sadat, dressed in military uniform, sat on the rostrum and watched the ceremony, occasionally bowing his head and laughing with Vice President Mubarak next to him, occasionally standing up and waving to the audience.
Offstage, infantry, artillery, armored soldiers... He was taking a neat and healthy step, shouting loud slogans, and passing in an orderly manner from the front of the rostrum in turn, accepting the review of President Sadat.
Subsequently, tanks, gunboats... Wait for the vehicles to start slowly driving into the square. At the same time, groups of fighter jets flew into the sky for a thrilling air show.
The eyes of the crowd were immediately attracted by the roar of the fighter planes, and they all looked up at the sky, and from time to time there was a burst of cheers from their mouths, and many spectators were excited to see it, and they also shouted loudly.
At this time, a moving artillery vehicle suddenly stopped in front of the review platform and did not continue as originally planned. Everyone thought it was just the car that had malfunctioned, and they didn't take it seriously.
Sadat also saw this on the rostrum, saw three soldiers jumping out of their cars, and thought they were going to get out of the car for a gun salute, so he stood up and waved at them.
Unexpectedly, they suddenly rushed directly to the review platform, and as they ran, they shot at it, and suddenly, raindrops of bullets shot at Sadat.
Sadat did not have time to dodge, the chest was hit continuously, and the blood flowed like a flood, and the whole person collapsed on the seat.
It was too late, it was fast, a killer had already rushed to the front of the review table, using the cover of the protective wall, quickly raised the submachine gun in his hand high above his head, and kept shooting upwards...
Sadat was once again hit mercilessly by a bullet, and only then was the reaction of Vice President Mubarak dragged under a chair to hide, but it was too late.
The scene had long been in chaos, explosions, gunshots, screams resounded throughout the square, some people ran with their heads, some shouted for help, and the guards began to pull out their weapons and fight back.
The gangsters' assassination plan was so successful that it took only 30 seconds from getting off the bus to hitting Sadat, and it was carried out in full view of the public.
Soon after, Sadat was quickly taken to the hospital for emergency treatment, and halfway to the road, he was shot in the lungs and bled continuously, and finally died of exhaustion.
How can such a heavily guarded celebration suddenly have so many killers? What exactly are they and who sent them? Why is it necessary to put President Sadat to death? What did he do wrong?
Sadat was born in 1918 in the village of Mat AbuQum, Minur Governorate, Delta, Nile State, Egypt.
Her father was an army hospital clerk and her mother was an ordinary rural woman. Together, they had 13 children, the family was financially strapped, and Sadat's childhood was always in a poor and difficult environment.
Like most Middle Eastern families, Sadat grew up reading the Quran and grew up to be a devout Islamist.
In 1936, at the age of 18, Sadat was admitted to the Egyptian Royal Military Academy, and then, under the influence of his friends, he joined the "Egyptian Youth Party" and officially embarked on domestic revolutionary activities.
Although Egypt achieved nominal "independence" in 1922, in fact the Egyptian people have not been freed from the british colonial rule.
The young Sadat, especially admired the Indian leader Gandhi, especially admired his feats of resistance against the British invaders, and regarded him as a life model.
Of course, Sadat also paid the price, and in several anti-British revolutionary activities, he was unfortunately arrested by the Egyptian police twice, resulting in the imprisonment of Himang.
In 1950, Sadat suddenly understood that it was important for people to come out and mix with people. So he joined the Freedom Officers' Organization led by Nasser. Due to his good job performance, he was quickly appreciated and gradually became a core member of the organization.
Two years later, nasser led the Egyptian July Revolution, which overthrew the Farouq dynasty, drove the British out of the country once and for all, and freed the Egyptian people from the clutches of the colonizers.
Sadat's life took a major turning point, from an ordinary military officer to an important member of the ruling party's "Revolutionary Committee".
In 1956, Nasser became the new president of Egypt. The alliance with other Arab countries wanted to drive Israel out of the Middle East and engaged in several military battles.
However, Israel has the support of the United States, a strong backer, and the arab league is not united, and there are constant differences and disputes, so it has not been able to reverse the situation. Instead, Egypt suffered a great defeat.
On June 5, 1967, Israel took the initiative to provoke war and raided the Egyptian air base, destroying about 3/4 of Egypt's fighter group in just two days.
Without air cover, Egypt's ground forces were passively beaten and defeated, and finally the entire Sinai Peninsula fell into Israeli hands, directly leaving 1.8 million Arabs homeless.
Sadat, one of the main commanders of this campaign, was beaten to the point of no return, and the whole person was autistic. After the war, he locked himself in his room for a month, closed the door, stayed at home, depressed to the extreme, and always immersed in the shadow of failure.
However, Nasser did not blame him too much, and still believed in his ability.
In 1970, after Nasser died of illness, Sadat successfully took over the scepter and was elected as the new president of Egypt.
Immediately after coming to power, Nadat did two major things that shocked the world. The first is to take the initiative to launch a war against Israel. The second is to start peace negotiations with Israel.
The first thing made Sadat a hero of the people of Egypt and the Arab world. The second thing made Sadat highly praised by the international community, but he was spurned by the Arab people, and thus led to the disaster of killing.
On October 6, 1970, on the sidelines of Israel's "Yom Kippur Day," a large number of soldiers from the front-line forces took leave to go home to pray. Sadat launched a surprise war with Syria, Palestine and other Arab countries.
Sadat personally went to the front to command the troops to fight, broke through the Barev Line in three days, and successfully annihilated the Israeli 196th Armored Battalion, crossed the Suez Canal, and recovered part of the Sinai Peninsula, which was a revenge for The First World War in 1967.
However, this war did not determine the victory or defeat based on the strength of the two armies. The two superpowers of the United States and the Soviet Union also play a pivotal role.
Israel suffered a heavy setback in the early stage, but with the continuous assistance of weapons and equipment from the United States, it soon recovered its vitality and began to face Egypt head-on. The two countries then fell into a stalemate.
Sadat found that the battle was getting harder and harder to fight, and Israel, with the support of the Americans, began to gain the upper hand, and it was obvious that the scales of war were tilting towards them...
On the contrary, Egypt, despite the strong support of its brotherly countries and the weapons assistance of the Soviets, was very limited and could not change the course of the entire war.
If a protracted war is fought, Egypt will not only suffer heavy losses, but will most likely lose the war...
On October 27, 1970, with the intervention of the United States and the Soviet Union, Sadat accepted it as soon as he saw it and formally signed a ceasefire agreement with israel.
Egypt has won a big victory at the political level, but in fact the casualties are even heavier than those of Israel. Sadat gained prestige in public opinion, and the masses of the people in the Arab countries called him a "war hero".
Sadat is not too concerned about this, at this time the Egyptian economy continues to decline, years of war has made the people miserable, how to boost the domestic economy, improve the people's living standards, is what he really wants to do.
The war didn't all retake the Sinai Peninsula, so is there a better way?
One day in 1975, Sadat was invited to attend the reopening of the Suez Canal. Because of the war, the Suez Canal ceased operations 8 years ago.
Sadat's vehicle was about to enter the canal management building when an old man suddenly stepped out of the crowd and stopped the car in the middle of the road.
The soldier in charge of the guard on the side of the road was startled and rushed up, trying to pull the old man away.
Sadat sat in the car and saw that the old man was empty-handed, and there should be no threat, so he waved his hand to let the soldier retreat.
The old man did not speak, but knelt down directly to his car, and began to recite a prayer with words in his mouth, which is a passage in the Quran about "Allah". When he was finished, the old man stood up and turned away.
When Sadat saw this, he immediately understood the importance of peace for the Egyptian people.
Because of the war, because of the closure of the Suez Canal, the old man had to be separated from his family for a long time, this reopening, the old man finally had the opportunity to reunite with his family, and he was grateful, so he specially stopped the car to thank him.
At this time, relations between Egypt and the United States had improved considerably, and if there was a peace negotiation, an agreement with the Israeli side to recover the Sinai Peninsula became Sadat's plan of action.
Sadat knew that this plan would inevitably be condemned by Arab allies, or obstructed by the Soviet Union, or questioned by some people at home, and even retaliated by ultra-nationalism.
However, after careful consideration, Sadat firmly chose to follow the principle of peace.
In 1976, Sadat announced the abrogation of the Ethiopian-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation with the Soviet Side and the prohibition of soviet warships from using Alexandria, a move that made relations between the two countries extremely deteriorate.
Of course, Sadat's move also quickly won the favor of the United States, and since then there is an opportunity for peace negotiations.
In 1977, sadat, at Egypt's internal people's parliament, without consulting with anyone, suddenly announced to all the members of the assembly that he had decided to visit Jerusalem.
Hearing this decision, all the parliamentarians could not believe their ears and were collectively confused.
Before going to Jerusalem, Sadat took a special plane to Damascus to meet with Syrian President Assad, hoping to get his understanding.
Assad did not turn his face on the spot when they met. Perhaps looking at the face of his allies, he did not give a clear attitude towards his decision, but always avoided talking about it.
However, in Sadat's view, Assad's attitude is enough, believing that although Syria does not approve, it will at least not take a hostile position in the future.
When the leaders of the Syrian Socialist Ba'ath Party learned the news, they acted more radically. They tried to take action and detain Sadat at Damascus airport. Unfortunately, it was too late, and by the time the men they sent arrived at the airport, Sadet's plane had already flown away.
Back in Cairo, Sadat received a letter from the King of Saudi Arabia. He was advised to abandon his foolish plan to visit Jerusalem or bear the consequences.
Sadat finished reading the letter, but still did not shake his thoughts.
On October 20, 1977, Sadat, accompanied by the President of Israel, entered the Israeli Parliament Hall. He then delivered his speech to all members of the National Assembly of Israel and to the world.
After the media reported, the Arab world suddenly exploded, causing huge social repercussions, and they all stood up to condemn Sadat's "surrender" behavior, believing that he pushed the entire Arab League system into a state of division.
The Egyptian people are also very dissatisfied with the president's approach, and there have been countless waves of opposition to this, and there have even been some unrest in various places.
In September 1978, Sadat accepted an invitation from U.S. President Jimmy Carter to camp David in the United States for a 12-day high-level negotiating meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Beking.
The two sides did not give in to each other, the negotiations were difficult, and in the end, Sadat promised Beking that Palestine would be allowed to self-govern. In the end, the two sides reached an agreement and signed the Camp David Peace Agreement.
The agreement stipulates that Egypt has ownership of the Sinai Peninsula, and that All Israeli troops stationed here will be unconditionally withdrawn within 2 to 3 years.
In this way, Sadat finally used peaceful means to win more territory for Egypt.
More intriguingly, in December 1978, Sadat also won the Nobel Peace Prize with Beguin.
The Egyptian people do not buy this and do not support President Sadat's approach at all, believing that it is disgraceful. Therefore, the voices of opposition were higher than the waves, and the shouts calling for him to step down were also endless.
Sadat didn't care on the surface, but in fact he felt particularly uncomfortable in his heart, and he was still full of confidence in continuing to govern, believing that the Egyptian people would one day understand his good intentions.
He never expected that the direction of this social public opinion storm was getting more and more outrageous, and finally reached an uncontrollable state.
As a result, Sadat took tougher measures to control the situation.
On September 3, 1991, as more and more people in the country demanded his resignation, Sadat ordered the army and police to conduct an unprecedented nationwide search in order to make them "feel at ease."
The operation was so thunderous that Egypt's relevant law enforcement agencies arrested more than 3,000 people, and the identities of the people involved were also relatively extensive. Some students, generalists, political opponents, clergy, etc. have been implicated in prison.
As the saying goes: "Things must be reversed". Sadat's order to consolidate power has invisibly offended some domestic radical groups, and at the same time put his life in a state of extreme danger.
Khalid was an Artillery Lieutenant in Egypt. But few people know that Khalid's deliberately hidden true identity is actually an important member of the radical group "Atonement and Migration".
Two years earlier, Khalid had been ordered by the Order to assassinate Sadat.
On September 23, 1981, Khalid's superior, Colonel Al, called him to his office for a meeting and informed him that he would lead the entire artillery corps to complete the parade on October 6 and to take full responsibility for the entire artillery parade.
As the days drew to a close, Khalid began preparations for an action plan to assassinate President Sadat.
First, Khalid deliberately used an excuse to transfer the three artillery members who were in the same car as him, and arranged for the three members of the organization to replace them.
In order to reassure others, Khalid falsely claimed that this was an instruction from his superiors, they were all from the intelligence department, and they would be responsible for protecting the safety of the parade site later.
This move was not clever, but it was very simple and effective, and finally succeeded in hiding it from the other officers and men of the artillery team.
Second, after Harid brought back the machine gun and magazine from the gun depot, he loaded and marked 4 of them and mixed them with other machine guns.
Before leaving, Khalid also deliberately broke away from the driver and secretly hid 4 grenades under the car seat, everything was secretly ready.
Because he was too nervous, Khalid was a little restless, waiting next to the car an hour early in advance, and kept smoking and pacing back and forth.
The driver came over to get into the car, and his arm inadvertently touched the gun in Khalid's hand, which immediately startled Khalid's and immediately warned him not to move.
The driver thought that Khalid was nervous about participating in the military parade, and smiled and comforted: This is just an empty magazine, this military parade, we have trained so many times, there should be no chaos, the commander does not have to worry.
Khalid wanted to laugh in response in order to hide his nervousness, but he couldn't laugh at all, but instead he grabbed the gun in his hand tighter.
The parade ceremony officially began, and the artillery team finally arrived in front of the parade platform.
Khalid saw the timing and took the lead in raising his gun to the driver and shouting, "Don't move!" Parking". The driver was terrified and didn't know what was going on. Since it was the commander's order, he immediately slammed on the brakes.
Khalid said involuntarily, smashing the driver with the butt of his rifle. Immediately, according to the original plan, a member of the team with accurate marksmanship was allowed to stay in the car to pick up.
He and the two members of the team immediately jumped out of the car, grabbed their guns and rushed to the review platform, and began a crazy assassination operation.
On that day, Sadat did not wear body armor, first, he felt that it was safer to participate in the parade and there was no need to wear it. Second, I think that after wearing Shanghai, I will make his figure particularly bloated, and I want to leave a better impression on the hearts of the vast number of Egyptian people.
Unfortunately, the bullets fired by Khalid and his accomplices did not have long eyes, and in the blink of an eye, they beat him into a honeycomb. If Vice President Mubarak had not dragged him under his seat to avoid it, I am afraid that Sadat would have been hit worse by bullets.
Before dying, Sadat still couldn't believe what was happening, his mouth was dripping with blood, somewhat vaguely, and he said four words intermittently: "Incredible..."
Khalid and his companions did not last long, and were about to retreat when one of his men was shot dead on the spot. He and the two remaining members of the team also quickly surrounded the guards who were arrested.
In addition to President Sadat, 7 people, including the chief of staff of the Egyptian armed forces and Sadat's private secretary, were unfortunately killed in this world-shaking assassination incident, and more than 100 people were seriously injured and needed hospitalization.
During the trial, Khalid was very frank, explaining all the crimes and the specific reasons for the assassination of President Sadat.
Khalid was very dissatisfied with the current socio-economic situation in the country and with the Camp David Agreement signed between Sadat and Israel, which he considered contrary to doctrine. At the same time, he complained a lot about the government's oppressive tactics, which persecuted and humiliated many organizational leaders. Moreover, he has always insisted that the assassination was an act of justice.
Soon after, Khalid and two accomplices were legally executed.
On October 10, 1981, President Sadat was buried next to the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Victory Square.
At the funeral, more than 80 national leaders came to attend the funeral, and the scene was very solemn. Israeli Prime Minister Beckyn, three former U.S. presidents Nixon, Ford and Carter, also came from afar to attend.
It is worth mentioning that none of the leaders of an Arab country appeared at the funeral site.
In 1982, Israel withdrew all its troops stationed in the Sinai Peninsula under the Camp David agreement.
The Egyptian people rejoiced that the territory that had been lost for 15 years was finally back in the arms of the motherland. At this time, the Egyptian people suddenly understood Sadat's good intentions, but he had closed his eyes forever.
After 10 years, most Arab countries have signed peace ceasefire agreements with Israel. Since then, the area of Palestinian territory has been encroached upon step by step...