China's old history is humiliating

Introduction: After reading China's humiliating recent history, a wave of anger rushed into the veins and rushed out. Xiaobian believes that as a son and daughter of China, those who have read a brief history of China's humiliation, but any Chinese who are a little bloody will work hard for the strength of their motherland. Only when our motherland is strong, we will have a strong backer wherever we go. Only the dignity of oneself as a human being will be respected.

A brief history of humiliation in China

In China's thousands of years of history, there have been many great achievements that we are proud of, but there are also some painful historical memories. Among them, the following four periods can be said to be the most humiliating pages in Chinese history.

Five nonsense

After the Rebellion of the Eight Kings of the Western Jin Dynasty, due to the struggle for imperial power within the Jin Dynasty, it led to division and emptiness of national strength. The Hu people, who were slaves of the Western Jin Dynasty, took the opportunity to raise an army and invade the Central Plains Dynasty.

In 311, the Xiongnu invaded Luoyang, the capital of the Western Jin Dynasty, and captured Emperor Huai of Jin. The Xiongnu burned and plundered luoyang, raped women, dug mausoleums, and burned palaces.

Since then, the Hu and Han people have established dozens of regimes of different strengths and sizes, known in history as the "Five Hu Chaohua".

During the Wuhu Rebellion, northern China fell. Under the barbaric and brutal rule of the Hu people, they have been trapped in war for a long time, and the people's livelihood economy has been greatly damaged. China entered a centuries-long period of chaos.

Shame on Jing Kang

In the last year of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Jin army attacked Tokyo (present-day Kaifeng, Henan), captured the Northern Song Emperor Huizong, the father and son of Emperor Qinzong, a large number of imperial clans, harem concubines and nobles, courtiers, and men and women, accumulating no less than 200,000 people, escorted north, and looted the property in Tokyo.

Emperor Huizong of Song and Emperor Qinzong of Song died in the north. Royal princesses, harem concubines, and other women who were forcibly taken into captivity to the north were assigned to the nobles and generals of the Jin Army as concubines, some were forcibly sent to brothels to become prostitutes, and some were even openly bought and sold in the market like cattle.

The Southern Song Dynasty fell

After the Mongols destroyed the Jin Dynasty, they soon marched south to invade the Southern Song Dynasty. During this period, the Southern Song Dynasty stubbornly resisted for decades, but eventually under the strong attack of the Mongolian Yuan Dynasty, it was gradually defeated.

In 1279, the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty retreated to Yashan Mountain. The Mongol Yuan army pursued closely behind and launched a general attack on Yashan Mountain, which is known in history as the "Battle of Yashan Sea". The Song army was unable to resist and was completely defeated. Lu Xiufu, a famous minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, committed suicide by jumping into the sea on his back to Zhao Fu, the last emperor of the Song Dynasty who was only eight years old, and the 100,000 soldiers and civilians of the Southern Song Dynasty on Yashan Mountain also threw themselves into the sea and martyred, and the Song Dynasty fell.

The demise of the Southern Song Dynasty was not a change of dynasty in the simple sense, but the enslavement of the Han nationality as a whole as the main body of the Central Plains Dynasty, and the development and inheritance of Han civilization were hit and destroyed as never before.

Late Qing invasion by great powers

In the late Qing Dynasty, due to the influence of the closed country policy, the originally powerful Chinese civilization began to gradually lag behind Western civilization. Foreign powers began to invade China continuously. The two Opium Wars, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War, and the Invasion of China by the Eight-Power Alliance. Under the pressure of the great powers, the Qing government continued to pay compensation to the powers of various countries, and China was completely plunged into the abyss of semi-colonial and semi-feudal society.

At the beginning of the First Opium War in 1840, the mainland signed nearly 1,000 unequal treaties with the great powers, each of which was evidence of the mainland's bullying and aggression. From the macro perspective of the war, the mainland was defeated in the first Opium War in 1840, compensating the British military with 20 million taels of silver and forced to open 5 ports of trade: Guangzhou, Xiamen, Fuzhou, Ningbo, and Shanghai.

In 1856, after China's defeat in the Second Opium War, compensation for military expenses was given to Britain and France 8 million taels each, 11 places such as Yingkou, Tianjin, Dalian, Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Tamsui, Taiwan, Shantou, and Qiongzhou were opened as treaty ports, and the forts from Dagu to Beijing were demolished. During this period, the Anglo-French army captured Beijing, plundered and burned the world-famous imperial garden Yuanmingyuan.

In 1867, Japan provoked a war to invade Taiwan, and was repelled by the Taiwanese military and people, and it was like this, the corrupt and incompetent Qing government still compensated Japan for 500,000 taels of military expenses In 1877, the Sino-French War broke out, the Chinese army was victorious, France was defeated, and China was "undefeated and defeated." The Sino-French Treaty recognized the French occupation of Vietnam and allowed France to build railways Chinese mainland.

In the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894, China was defeated. With the signing of the "Maguan Treaty," Japan demanded 200 million taels of silver for its military expenses and ceded China's Liaodong Peninsula, the Penghu Islands, and The Taiwan Islands. Japanese merchant ships could enter Chongqing.

In 1900, the Eight-Power Alliance invaded China and massacred on a large scale, and the Qing government was forced to sign the "Xinugu Treaty" in which China compensated 10 countries for a total of more than 900 million taels of silver, which was repaid in 36 years. The Chinese government has pledged to severely suppress all anti-imperialist activities and to punish officials who fail to do so. In this unprecedented catastrophe, Ci Xian went so far as to brazenly express his desire to the great powers: "Measure the material strength of China and unite with the happiness of the country." "It fully shows her surrender and traitorous slave face."

When the Russo-Japanese War broke out in 1905, the battlefield was actually set in China, the Qing government expressed neutrality, and countless Chinese lost their lives in such a war for Chinese territory.

In 1931, the "918" incident broke out, and Japan invaded the three eastern provinces and invaded the Chinese mainland step by step.

In 1937, the All-Out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out. In this war, China suffered more than 35 million casualties.

In the 1950 Korean War, China suffered more than 1 million casualties, but in the end we won. Friends, this is the outline of the national humiliation of the mainland from 1840 to 1949, the Nanjing Massacre is only one of the microcosm, backward will be beaten, only when the country is rich and strong, can such a tragedy not happen on the soil of China

1. In 1234, the Jin Kingdom was destroyed by the Mongols. The following year, the Mongols marched south, but were blocked by the Song army on the north bank of the Yangtze River. In 1267, Kublai Khan, who had ascended to the throne of the Great Khan, once again led his elite troops to make a comeback. In 1273, Xiangyang fell. In 1276, the Mongol army captured Hangzhou, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty.

After that, the remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty, Lu Xiufu, Wen Tianxiang and Zhang Shijie, and others successively supported two young emperors (Duanzong and Young Lord) and established a small imperial court, and the Yuan army pursued the little emperor and continued to flee to the south, passing through Hong Kong, Duanzong died of illness, and set up another young lord and fled to Xinhui to the South China Sea. Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured at Haifeng, and Zhang Shijie's warship sank.

On March 19, 1279, the desperate remnants of the Southern Song Dynasty were surrounded by Mongol troops at Yashan, Guangdong. Forty-three-year-old Lu Xiufu saw that he could not break through, so he committed suicide by jumping into the sea with 8-year-old Zhao Fu on his back. More than 100,000 soldiers and civilians who accompanied him also committed suicide by jumping into the sea.

More than 100,000 corpses floated into the sea. Zhang Shijie hoped that in the name of Empress Yang, he would find the descendants of the Zhao clan of the Song Dynasty as the main one, and then try to raise the latter; However, Empress Yang also committed suicide at sea after hearing of Emperor Song's death, and Zhang Shijie buried her by the sea. Soon Zhang Shijie drowned under the Pingzhang Mountain in a heavy wind and rain, and the resistance forces of the Southern Song Dynasty collapsed.

By this point, China had all fallen. The Mongols were able to occupy all of China, not so much because the Mongol cavalry had strong combat effectiveness, but rather as the result of the vicious struggle between the Song Dynasty and the Western Xia, Liao, and Jin States. In the face of foreign enemies, Chinese can not unite, which leads to the Mongols taking advantage of the opportunity to affect the world pattern. This tragic historical lesson deserves our deep consideration.

2. A Shen guo is difficult

"There is no China after the cliff mountain, and there is no China after Jiashen.". In 1644, Chinese civilization was extinct. There are only four hundred years of Tatar civilization left, and in the eyes of today's Chinese people and outsiders, Chinese civilization is Tatar civilization. Of course, this is due to Zhang Yimou's films, many Qing Palace dramas, and Tang costumes. But our severance of ties with the true Chinese civilization began here.

It is true that the development of Chinese civilization to the end of the Ming Dynasty was problematic, and the problem was very serious, as exemplified by the demise of the Ming Dynasty. Although there is providence, such as fifteen consecutive years of drought. As a result, the Central Plains drought was plagued by locusts everywhere, and the particles were not harvested. As a result, Li Zicheng was suppressed and not destroyed. But man-made disasters are also deadly. Zhu Ming's historical widowhood and meanness, Chongzhen's rigidity for self-use, and Nanming's infighting.

A totalitarian society has reached a dead end. It is on the verge of change, internal reform and reform, although it is not yet mature, and many of them are reflections in the early Qing Dynasty, stimulated by the Ming Dynasty, but they have already begun to show their dignity.

If you inject blood like Sui and Tang, it is not impossible. But history has chosen the worst ending. Li Zicheng zhang xianzhong and the like are only equivalent to Huang Chao, and the result is certain, and there is no doubt that they will lose. But China is divided and divided at most once, and the world has not yet perished.

On the side of the Southern Ming Dynasty, at most, it was just another southern and northern dynasties, and another Song and Jin confrontation. The good villains also preserved the Chinese civilization. But the Manchu clearance was completely by luck. After entering the customs, they are extremely arrogant on the one hand, and extremely inferior on the other hand.

Arrogance and inferiority complement each other, so after a series of bloody measures, Chinese civilization was broken in their hands. Until now, there have been things that have come to look at China before the Song Dynasty to Japan, and to look at China before the Qing Dynasty to Korea.

Liaodong Massacre: In the first month of the ninth year of the Mandate of Heaven, Nurhachi issued nine khanates to investigate the so-called "people without valleys", and ordered the officers and soldiers of the Eight Banners to "regard the people without valleys as enemies" and "arrest and send them", and finally on the twenty-seventh day of the first month, he ordered: "Kill the nikan who has no valley found out from everywhere."

On the third day of the first month of October in the tenth year of the Mandate of Heaven, Nurhaci accused the Han people of "harboring traitors, accepting Zafu, and defecting endlessly", and ordered the Eight Banners Belle and the general officers below the imperial staff to lead the soldiers to the Han people in the village, "go separately, every village fort, that is, get off their horses and behead them." "When the slave thieves have obtained Liaoyang, the soldiers and civilians of the eight stations in Liaodong are not happy to follow the Hu, as many as the riverside... Subsequently, the thieves were so great that the righteous refused to shave their heads, and they all threw themselves into the duck water (Yalu River) to die.

Yangzhou 10th: In the first year of the Southern Ming Dynasty, in the second year of shunzhi (1645) of the Qing Dynasty, the massacre of civilians in the city after the Qing army attacked the city of Yangzhou. Due to the deadly resistance of the Southern Ming general Shi Kefa to the Qing army, on April 25 of the same year (May 20), after the Qing army captured Yangzhou, when heavy rain poured down, Duo Duo announced that a massacre had been carried out in Yangzhou.

The "Ten Diaries of Yangzhou" written by Wang Xiuchu, a survivor at that time, recorded that the massacre lasted for ten days, so it was called "Yangzhou Ten Days". After the Qing army broke through the city of Yangzhou, it carried out a ten-day massacre, and the history recorded: "The women are tied around their necks, tired as pearls, step by step, all over the dirt; There are babies all over the place, or lining horses' hooves, or through human feet, liver and brain, and weeping. ”

"On the fourth day of the first month, the beginning of the day begins. The corpses on the road have soared through the accumulated rain, and the green skin is like a drum, and the flesh and blood are collapsed. The smell of filth is compelling, and the heat of the day is repeated, and its qi becomes worse. Front and back, left and right, burning everywhere. The room is full of clouds, like fog, smelling for hundreds of miles. Later, more than 800,000 corpses were collected by the monks in the city.

3. Wuhu Chaohua

This can be said to be the first time that China has experienced a large-scale invasion of foreign races, the royal family has moved south, and the people of the Central Plains have been tragically killed, which is also the first north-south confrontation in history, which has led to the end of the ancient Chinese civilization from the Xia, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn Warring States, to the Qin and Han Dynasties, until the end of the ancient Chinese civilization of Wei and Jin. Even the ethnic composition has changed dramatically. It is a turning point in the process of civilization.

From the Rebellion of the Eight Kings to the sui Emperor Wen's destruction of Chen and the unification of China, in the past three hundred years, national vendettas and palace coups have emerged one after another, chaos, and the history of which is tyrannical and cruel.

At the beginning, those nomadic peoples did their best to oppress and insult the Han people, and in modern times, our insulting words, such as "lazy man, rogue man", etc. were handed down from that era, and the "Heavenly Han" that was originally respected in the hearts of those foreign peoples has long been replaced by "lazy man, rogue man".

Shame on you. This also led to Ran Min's uprising. Fortunately, the heavens did not kill our Chinese, and because of the flesh and blood of the Chinese at that time and the heroic resistance, the foreign nationalities once again faced our Chinese people squarely, and thus the so-called "Sinicization" was born.

Only then did the Reform of Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei and Empress Wen of Civilization. Only then did the cultural integration of the Chinese civilization begin, and before that, I don't know how many people died. However, compared with the Later Mongolian Manchu Qing, the Xianbei nobles were open-minded and had a long-term vision.

They inherited the essence of China, while maintaining the advantages of their own people, and at the same time imported Buddhist civilization, creating a transformed civilization - The Medieval Chinese Civilization.

However, the medieval civilization after the Sui and Tang Dynasties inherited a part of the essence, and many unique things still disappeared. For example, many splendid ancient myths, so that we now see a lot of allusions in the Chu Ci, I don't know what to do.

Extended Materials:

On April 17, 1895, China and Japan jointly signed a "Maguan Treaty" that shocked China and foreign countries. For 120 years, this volume, which once marked extremely unequal content and humiliated the Chinese nation, was like a sharp blade with blood, deeply inserted into the heart of every Chinese with conscience.

Reviewing history leads to reflection

History is not to be forgotten, but it is enough to make people reflect. 120 years ago, the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War ended with the complete defeat of the Qing Dynasty government in China. In this historical context, the signing of the Treaty of Maguan, as a sign of the end of the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War, on the one hand, enabled Japan to gain great benefits and greatly stimulated its ambitions to expand aggression;

On the other hand, the treaty has caused China an incomparably heavy burden and an unspeakable disaster, making the Chinese national crisis unprecedentedly serious and greatly deepening the degree of semi-colonization; On the other hand, the treaty adapted to the urgent need of the imperialist powers to export capital to China, and opened up the frenzy of the great powers to divide China.

Since the signing of the treaty, China has fallen into the abyss of devastation and oppression, and at the same time, it has created a century of humiliation in modern China, and the nightmare in the memory of the Chinese nation has begun.

Only by facing history can we have a future

History can never be avoided. This year marks the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War, and over the past 70 years, Germany and Japan, which were also the initiators of World War II, have completely different attitudes toward the historical issue of aggression.

By adopting correct historical understanding and courageous and responsible attitudes, including enacting laws to wash away war crimes and strictly preventing the recurrence of the specter of war, Germany has not only won the acceptance and understanding of the peoples of all countries in the world, including the invaded countries, but also become an advocate for the process of European integration and development;

On the other hand, Japan, on major issues of right and wrong concerning international justice and justice, has reversed black and white, reneged on it, and even denied falsifying the history of aggression, and the current Abe cabinet and the Japanese government have from time to time publicly made remarks denying and beautifying the war of aggression;

Not only that, at the end of this month, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will also make an official visit to the United States and deliver a speech in the US Congress, which may avoid the "Murayama Talk" to talk about Japan's "positive contributions" to the international community after the war.

As everyone knows, the only way for Japan to enhance its international image is to demonstrate an attitude of introspection and sincere repentance towards the history of aggression, which is the key to solving all problems in Japan. In addition, Japan will never be able to unload its historical baggage and truly move toward the future.

Only by warning history can we strive for strong development

History will not be completely repeated, but there are laws and lessons to follow. Reflecting on the history of failure and humiliation must be bitter and painful, but taking history as a mirror, it is inevitable to know the rise and fall and the development of the plan. Drawing lessons from history and forging ahead into the future is a nation's correct attitude toward history, especially toward history of failure.

In the past 120 years, in the past two years, china, which is poor and weak, has experienced stages such as bloody struggle, overthrowing the old imperial system, establishing a new political power, defending the family for the country, rising courageously, reforming and opening up, and national rejuvenation, and the country's development has steadily advanced, and its comprehensive strength has grown from weak to strong. At present, especially after more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China is forging ahead towards the great goal of realizing national rejuvenation and national rise.

Today, although the smoke of the Sino-Japanese War 120 years ago has dissipated, the alarm bells of history are sounding for a long time, especially the deep disasters and wounds left to the Chinese nation by the "Maguan Treaty" that lost power and humiliated the country will forever leave us with endless mourning.

As a new generation of contemporary China, we must bear in mind the national shame, work hard to become stronger, strive to enhance our sense of distress, think of danger in times of peace, and always be prepared; we must be highly vigilant against the restoration of Japanese militarism and resolutely put an end to the recurrence of the shame of the "Maguan Treaty."