Author: Sasha
This article is Sasha's original and will not be reprinted by any media
The Museum of Weapons of Nanjing University of Science and Technology is a treasure trove that is not open to the public, and there are many interesting weapons inside.
The propaganda materials of this museum are very well said: It can be said that after the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, every war won by our army was closely related to the scientific research carried out in Nanjing University of Science and Technology, a higher institution of higher learning; it can also be said that every major breakthrough in the science and technology of weapons in New China embodies the infinite wisdom and hard work of the workers of Nanli.
This time, the handsome photographer found all the photos, and Sasha took everyone to see it.
The best mountain cannon of the Anti-Japanese War Army, boforth M1922 type 75 mm: Sasha Weapon Atlas No. 278
Today's protagonist is the Bofors M1922 75 mm mountain gun.
The Bofors 75 mm mountain gun was the best mountain gun of the Nationalist Army in the War of Resistance.
Worldwide, it is also an excellent mountain cannon.
After the surrender of Germany in World War I, he was ordered not to carry out artillery research and development.
The European artillery giant Krupp had no choice but to "cooperate" with the Swedish Bofors company.
The two countries tacitly agreed that Bofors was the Krupp branch and could continue the artillery research.
Sweden, on the other hand, can share the artillery technology developed by Krupp, and everyone has benefits.
Therefore, the Bofors 75 mm mountain gun is the mountain gun of Krupp, just in the name of Sweden.
The Bofors 75 mm mountain gun is of advanced design and well-manufactured.
The gun weighs more than 700 kg and can be disassembled into 8 parts, which are carried forward by mule horses, or the whole gun can be dragged forward by 2 mule horses.
This is extremely important for China, which has bad traffic.
In actual combat, the Bofors 75 mm mountain gun can reach any terrain, including mountains, beaches, deserts, swamps, which can be called super maneuverable.
In a battlefield like China, where traffic is very bad, artillery must be extremely mobile, otherwise it is equivalent to a pile of scrap iron.
The Bofors 75 mm mountain gun had a range of 9200 meters, which was absolutely against the sky at the time.
The same 75 mm caliber mountain gun, the Japanese Type 41 is 6300 meters, the Type 94 is 8300 meters, the gap is obvious.
In addition, the Bofors 75 mm mountain gun has incredible precision, mainly relying on the high level of processing, as well as excellent design: the gun has high and low and directional braking devices, when it is to move the position can keep its original accuracy unchanged, its gun mount is attached with a small system of retreat hoe, when the shelling is to be carried out in a narrow area, it can be removed to release the column, and when it is to be dragged by a warhorse, it can be retracted upwards to shorten its turning radius, and its wheels also have brakes to ensure that the gun body can be stabilized when going up and downhill.
On the advice of German military advisers, the Nationalist government purchased 120 Bofors 75 mm mountain guns in 1932.
The price of the gun is not cheap, but the performance is very good, and it is loved by the artillery of the national army.
Mountain cannons cost $16,000 each and mountain shells cost $20 per round.
Before the outbreak of the War of Resistance, an additional 132 were purchased.
Due to Japanese intervention, only 12 additional items arrived, and there were a total of 132 guns before and after the Nationalist army.
This number is not small, and it is also the most equipped standard mountain gun of the National Army.
The National Government was even licensed to produce shells on its own.
At the beginning of the War of Resistance, the Bofors 75 mm mountain gun played a huge role.
After the Outbreak of the Battle of Songhu, the 1st and 2nd Brigades of independent artillery rushed to Shanghai, where they were mainly equipped with Bofors 75 mm mountain guns.
These mountain guns played a great role in Shanghai, giving the Japanese a hard blow.
The artillery at that time recalled: The first thing I came into contact with in the artillery school was the Bofors Seven-Five Mountain Gun, pure dark green paint, iron cannon wheels, short and small when it was put in the column, it was not very conspicuous, and it was safer than the Fazhuoshi Naide Mountain Cannon, that is, it had a guard plate.
When this kind of gun is towed, only two mules are needed; once necessary, eight pieces can be unloaded, and the eight mules carry the gun barrel, rocker, guard plate, gun wheel, etc. to climb the mountain and cross the mountain, and transport the cannon company to a place where the field gun cannot reach at all. Captain Zhao Qingshan, an equestrian instructor, told us that his mountain artillery company was fighting in Yuncheng, Shanxi, and the Japanese army occupied the Yuncheng airfield and gathered a large number of aircraft. He was ordered to take 4 guns, transported by mules to the nearby highlands, measured the distance, and used the No. 3 charge, which could shoot 9600 meters away. At dawn, the fierce artillery fire hit many Japanese aircraft, and when the barrel was still hot, they immediately dismantled the gun and carried it down the mountain to withdraw. This glorious record makes us look at this kind of cannon differently.