Blood type is of great importance in safe transfusion, and the most important blood group systems in the human red blood cell blood group system are abo blood type and Rh blood type, of which the clinically common ones are A, B, AB and O.
What determines blood type?
Blood type is determined by the specific antigen type on the membrane of red blood cells, known as the red blood cell ABO blood group system and the Rh blood group system.
Blood type is a genetic trait of human blood, and various blood components including red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and certain plasma proteins have differences in antigen components between individuals and are controlled by independent genetic genes. A blood group consisting of several interrelated antigen antibodies, called a blood group system.
The ABO blood group system can be divided into four types depending on whether the surface of the red blood cell has an A or B antigen (also known as A or B agglutinin) and whether there is an anti-A or anti-B antibody (also known as anti-A or anti-B lectin) in the serum.
Erythrocytes have an A antigen, and the anti-B antibody in the serum is type A; the red blood cell has a B antigen, and the anti-A antibody in the serum is type B; the red blood cell has the A and B antigens, and the serum does not contain anti-A and anti-B antibodies is ab type; the red blood cells do not have A and B antigens, and the anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the serum are 0 types.
Human red blood cells have the same antigen as rhesus monkeys called Rh-positive blood type, do not contain this anti-principle called Rh-negative blood type, in the mainland Han and most ethnic minorities of the people, Rh-positive blood type accounted for about 99%, Rh-negative people accounted for only about 1%.
What are the factors that affect blood group identification?
As follows:
Newborns generally do not recommend blood group detection, because the number of red blood cell antigens and antibodies in newborns has not yet reached the adult level, that is, the number is too small, which will cause inaccurate results, and some elderly people or weak people will also have antigens and weakened antibodies;
Some diseases can cause antigens, antibodies weakened and disappeared, red blood cells deformed, these factors will affect the accuracy of blood group detection;
If the operator's sense of responsibility is not strong, it will cause identification errors. In addition, the standard serum titer of the reagent is too low, the affinity is not strong, and various equipment contamination and non-drying will cause errors.
Genetic patterns of blood type
Different blood types have different genetic genes: the genetic genes of blood type A can be A gene of both sexes and A binding to AA, or one sex A and another sex O binding to AO, AA and AO, the blood group shown is A type A, O is a recessive inheritance gene, can not be expressed.
B The same goes for it. Ab type is AB, O type O is OO, where the parent is A or B blood type, the child can be type A or B, can also be O type, because type A or type B contains the recessive gene O, when the O in the father gene and the O in the maternal gene combine to form OO, it is O type O.
Parents' blood type genetics must be recombined to form various blood types of children when they are bound by both sexes, and there is a blood relationship between children and parents' blood types, which are not necessarily the same.
If one of the couples has type O blood, what are the characteristics of the baby born?
If both husband and wife have type O blood, the child must be born with type O blood.
The blood type of the child after birth is determined by the inheritance of both parents, because the gene of O type blood is recessive, and the child who has two recessive genes in both parents is still recessive after birth, so it is still O type blood.
Advantage:
Babys with type O blood are quick-thinking and can become workplace leaders, and the vigorous vitality of type O blood will have a huge effect once it is connected with work.
Blood type O is likely to succeed if you fully realize your potential as a leader and entrepreneur and run a small company or store on your own.
In general, according to Mendelian laws of inheritance, after the father of type O blood and the mother of type A blood, and the father of type A blood and the mother of type O blood are married, the blood type of the baby born is generally O or A.
However, due to special reasons, such as hemolysis or other disorders after birth, blood exchange, or γ albumin pulse therapy, the child's blood type may be temporarily unstable.
There is also a special case where one in every 50,000 people may have a blood type mutation. Your child's blood type is not limited by genetic patterns, but other blood types will appear.
Advantage:
The combination of these two blood types will make the sincere and frank temperament of the O blood type more prominent, and the children of the O type + A type do their best and are tired of hypocrisy, so as long as it is an O type + A type child, there will be many people who think that they can undisguised and take the initiative to ask for contact.
Children born with blood types O and B are O or B, because the blood type is inherited, according to the law of blood type inheritance, if you know the blood type of the parents, you can deduce the possible blood type of the child.
Children born with blood type O and type B will only have type O or type B, and will not have blood type A and type ab, of which type B blood is more likely, the probability of type B blood is three-quarters, and the probability of type O blood is one-quarter.
Regardless of whether both parents have blood type O or blood type B, the child can only have type O blood or type B blood, and cannot have other blood types.
Advantage:
Babies of both blood types, but their children are generally more extroverted and have a very high flair for communication. And they can behave well in various situations, and strong connections are their outstanding characteristics.
The father and mother have blood types O and AB, and their children may have blood types A or B.
ABO blood group is a common clinical blood group system determined by erythrocyte surface antigens.
Parents can pass on the blood type to the child, the parent is O type, that is to say, the red blood cell surface has neither A antigen nor B antigen, so parents can not pass on the A antigen or B antigen to the child.
Blood type AB refers to the presence of both antigen A and antigen B on the surface of red blood cells, so parents may pass on antigen A or antigen B to their children.
So the child may have inherited the A antigen or B antigen of the parent's O blood and AB blood, so the child's blood type may be A blood or B blood.
Advantage:
Blood type A and blood type O can be described as a "strong combination". When two people with high IQs are combined, the offspring born will not have a low IQ.
It is characterized by both self-awareness and alienation.
Balanced socialists, who are very enthusiastic about their friends, give an impression of elegance, quietness, and gentleness, never easily show their feelings, and usually make calm judgments no matter what the situation.
Tips:
The above is for reference only!
Smart children have more advantages in growth and later life, and children's IQ is mainly divided into two aspects: natural and acquired, and natural genetics will account for 50 to 60% of the role.
The remaining 40 to 50% can be improved through the cultivation of the day after tomorrow, so parents want to be able to be smarter, and the education of the day after tomorrow must not be less.