At the end of February 1769, inside the Taihe Temple, Qianlong handed his brother-in-law Fu Heng the armor he used and said, "When you go this time, you must teach me a harsh lesson to the Burmese people, otherwise I will have no place to put my face!" ”
Fu Heng silently took Qianlong's armor, turned to his horse, and took the elite 13,600 elite people of the Eight Banners of Manchuria with him to begin the fourth expedition to Burma.
In front of Fu Heng, liu zao, the university scholar, Yang Yingju, the governor of Liangguang, and his nephew Mingrui had already led the Qing army to fight three battles with Burma, all of which had lost, and the loss was very ugly! How does this not annoy Qianlong?
What annoyed Qianlong even more was that after winning the Qing Dynasty for the third time, the Burmese king wrote to ask for peace, saying: "Qianlong, the people captured by the Qing Dynasty and the land occupied are only placed in your place, and everyone is happy to talk about peace and return it now, otherwise it will be embarrassing for me to personally lead the troops to retrieve it in the future." ”
Seeing such letters, Qianlong, who had already calmed down the Dzungars, sneered: "You are a small country, before you just couldn't take care of you, I really thought I was afraid of you!" ”
At this time, Qianlong and his ministers did not know that they were facing a new regime, and they thought that it was a local bandit. Some ministers even suggested that Qianlong unite with Siam to send troops, but they did not know that Siam had been destroyed.
After hearing this suggestion, Qianlong also scolded the minister, believing that if he joined forces with small countries, he would be laughed at if he won, and he would fight himself, and he would also win a big victory, and even had plans for how to rule Burma.
It was in this context that Fu Heng was the jingluo, Ah Gui and Ali Gun were the deputy generals, and the army commanded the fourth conquest of Burma.
Fu Heng arrived at the Yongchang front in April 1769, and despite the persuasion of Ah Gui and others, he personally led 9,000 people directly to Burma.
On the one hand, the Burmese were surprised by the bows and arrows of the Manchurian soldiers, and on the other hand, they wanted to lure the enemy deeper, and fought and retreated against Fu Heng, so Fu Heng's early march was smooth.
However, when the army marched to Laoguantun, the Burmese army used the mountains and forests as a cover to lightly load, and used the "self-propelled fire" (in fact, the guns) and artillery snatched or bought from the British and other Western colonial powers as the breakthrough point to suppress the Qing army to death.
In the end, Fu Heng was helpless, and the Qing army that had run out of ammunition (because it had only brought grain for a month) and the miasma in the mountains and forests had fallen for the most part, and Fu Heng could only order a retreat and move closer to Ah Gui, and the two sides made a truce.
The Burmese side could not afford to spend the long war and took the opportunity to write to Fu Heng to ask for peace. Fu Heng received the letter, and he knew that Qianlong would definitely not accept such an ending, so he tore up the letter and prepared to send troops again.
The emperor's brother-in-law wanted to fight, but the group of generals at the bottom did not do it, and Represented by Ah Gui, he said to Fu Heng: "Your Honor, you see that you have brought 30,000 soldiers, and now that 70% of them are dead, how to fight, it is better to accept the peace talk!" ”
Fu Heng actually wanted to retreat, of course, he knew that Burma was not easy to fight, but he also knew that Qianlong wanted face, so he finally hardened his scalp and said to Qianlong: "Emperor, almost all the people I brought are dead, please allow us to withdraw our troops." ”
When the Qianlong Emperor looked at it, although he was annoyed, he also knew that at this time, the situation in Jinchuan in the country had escalated again, and there was no way to send troops at the same time, so he could only agree to make peace.
The emperor has agreed, so let's make peace! Therefore, in November 1769, Ah Gui made peace with Burma, and the two sides submitted a peace letter, and the Qing Dynasty's war against Burma really ended.
The four wars of conquest of Burma, which began with burma's cross-border plundering of inland toast, developed from Qianlong's desire for merit in his heart. Every time the Qing Dynasty lost, it only ended in a draw, but from the perspective of losses, Qianlong's merit was not easy to come by, and four times before and after, the Qing Dynasty spent nearly ten million taels of silver but did not win, and even Qianlong itself did not achieve the purpose of publicizing the national prestige, but had to publicize victory.
In his later years, Qianlong told the people around him that the ten martial arts and the Burmese war were embarrassing.
The War of Conquest of Burma changed the situation in Indochina, Siam was restored, and new checks and balances emerged. At the same time, it also gave the Qing Dynasty a chance to understand the world, especially the situation in which armaments lagged behind the West, the guns used by Burma to fight and the French soldiers who participated in the war made the Qing army suffer a lot, Fu Heng and others asked Qianlong to imitate the Equipment qing army after returning to Beijing, but Qianlong refuted Fu Heng and others on the grounds that "riding and shooting is the fundamental of Manchuria", and the Qing Dynasty also missed this forced look at the world, and the only thing left was Qianlong's boasting about himself.
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