Industrial integration is an important trend of global economic growth and modern industrial development, and a profound reflection of the world's new technological revolution and the upgrading of international industrial structure. The integrated development of modern service industry and advanced manufacturing industry (hereinafter referred to as "two industries") is an important direction for the transformation and development of mainland industries, an important way to achieve high-quality economic development, and an inevitable requirement for grasping the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, and building a new development pattern.
First, the background and significance of the study
(1) Promoting the integrated development of the "two industries" is a national strategic measure
In September 2019, the tenth meeting of the Central Committee for Deep Reform clearly pointed out that promoting the integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries is an important way to enhance the core competitiveness of the manufacturing industry, cultivate a modern industrial system, and achieve high-quality development. In November 2019, the National Development and Reform Commission and 15 other departments jointly issued the Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Deep Integration and Development of Advanced Manufacturing and Modern Service Industries (hereinafter referred to as the Implementation Opinions). Since then, a series of opinions and plans have been issued successively, and the integrated development of the "two industries" has been regarded as an important national strategic measure.
(2) It is a practical need to carry out research on the integration of "two industries"
Studying and defining the statistical scope of the integration of the "two industries", establishing a monitoring and evaluation system for the integrated development of the "two industries", and scientifically and accurately reflecting the integration and development of the "two industries" are the practical needs of implementing the development strategy of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on promoting the in-depth integration of the "two industries", and also the practical needs of the party committees, governments and all sectors of society for the integration of the "two industries" statistical data. With the advancement of the integration and development practice of the "two industries", the monitoring and evaluation of the integration of the "two industries" is conducive to tracking and understanding the integration and development of the "two industries" in a timely manner, so as to provide a work start for better promoting the integration and deepening development of the "two industries".
Second, the "two industries" integrate the concept of key areas and the definition of statistical scope
Scientifically defining the statistical scope of the key areas of "two industries" integration is the basis for building a monitoring and evaluation system for the integration of "two industries".
(1) The concept and statistical scope of the modern service industry
Modern service industry refers to the service industry that adopts modern information technology, management concepts, organizational forms, business methods, and green development concepts, including both the modern part of the traditional service industry and the service industry of modern emerging formats. Drawing on the existing statistical practical experience of some provinces and cities, this study will take the information transmission, software and information technology service industry, financial industry, real estate industry, scientific research and technical service industry, culture, sports and entertainment industry five industry categories, business service industry, ecological protection and environmental governance industry, education, health, social security five industry categories, and modern logistics as the statistical scope of modern service industry.
(2) Conceptual and statistical scope definition of advanced manufacturing
Advanced manufacturing industry is relative to the traditional manufacturing industry, with advanced technology, advanced production and operation mode and advanced organizational mode, and the advanced manufacturing technology is applied to research and development, production, design, service, management of all aspects, to achieve information, automation, intelligence, flexibility, ecological production, with strong innovation ability and competitiveness of the manufacturing industry. This study believes that industries or enterprises that meet the characteristics of strategic emerging industries, high-tech manufacturing and "high-tech" manufacturing can be included in the scope of "advanced manufacturing".
(3) Establish statistical classification standards for the key areas of "two industries" integration
Based on the Classification of National Economic Industries (GB/T 4754-2017) and based on the spirit of relevant documents, this study determines the statistical scope of the key areas of "two industries" integration.
1. Classification principle
The first is based on the relevant documents of the National Development and Reform Commission and other departments; the second is based on the relevant statistical classification standards at home and abroad; the third is based on the "Classification of National Economic Industries"; and the fourth is to meet the purpose of the "two industries" integrated statistical monitoring.
2. Classification method
Referring to the current statistical classification methods of various derivative industries, the statistical classification of the "two industries" integration key area adopts the line classification method and the hierarchical coding method. The statistical scope of the key areas of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries that meet the characteristics of the integration of "two industries" is divided into 3 layers, including 6 major categories, 28 medium categories and 111 sub-categories, involving a total of 7 industry categories, 36 industry categories and 570 industry sub-categories.
3. Statistical scope
From the perspective of the integration of modern service industries, this paper divides the statistical scope of the key areas of modern service industries that meet the characteristics of the integration of "two industries" into three categories: R&D design services, production empowerment services and production auxiliary services, involving 9 industry categories and 45 industry sub-categories in the service industry. From the end of the integration of advanced manufacturing industry, the statistical scope of the key areas of advanced manufacturing that meet the characteristics of the integration of "two industries" is divided into three categories: raw material manufacturing, consumer goods manufacturing and equipment manufacturing, involving 24 industrial major categories and 524 industry sub-categories.
Third, the construction of the "two industries" integrated monitoring and evaluation system
With the advancement of the integration and development practice of the "two industries" and the scientific evaluation of the integration process of the "two industries", it is urgent to build a monitoring and evaluation system, track and understand the integration and development of the "two industries" in a timely manner, objectively monitor and evaluate the integration of the "two industries", and provide guarantee support for the integrated development and policy formulation of the "two industries".
(1) Construction principles
The first is the principle of reasonableness. Based on the integration characteristics and important influencing factors of the "two industries", it is necessary to scientifically reflect the process of integration, but also to reflect the results of integration, and systematically reflect the unity of process and results. The second is to practice guiding principles. Earnestly compare the requirements of policy documents with the practice of integration promotion, evaluate the implementation of policies and measures in a targeted manner, and provide decision-making support for promoting the integration of the "two industries". The third is the principle of objectivity. The indicators are selected to be supported by the specific integration cases of the research enterprises, and objectively reflect the practice of the integration of modern service industries and advanced manufacturing industries that conform to the integration characteristics of the "two industries". The fourth is the principle of feasibility. Based on the current statistical system and methods, full consideration is given to the availability of data to ensure that relevant data can be collected for daily statistical monitoring. At the same time, combined with relevant research work and monitoring needs, some indicators are added to ensure that the degree of integration of the "two industries" is more truly and comprehensively reflected.
(2) Indicator system
There are three levels. The integration and development of the "two industries" is evaluated from four dimensions: development status, integration foundation, innovation elements and integration effect, including 12 second-level indicators and 30 third-level indicators. The first dimension evaluates the development of the "two industries" integration key areas and the potential for contribution to economic growth from three aspects: potential scale, integration structure and development contribution. The second dimension evaluates the financial support and informatization transformation of the sustainable development of the key areas of the integration of the "two industries" from the two aspects of basic investment and information construction level. The third dimension evaluates the external innovation environment and internal innovation power of enterprises in the key areas of "two industries" from the aspects of environmental factors, R&D investment and talent elements. The fourth dimension evaluates the development results and integration penetration of the "two industries" in the key areas of "two industries" from four aspects: development efficiency, integration depth, digital level and green development.
Fourth, the "two industries" integration monitoring ideas and suggestions
(1) Monitoring ideas for the integration of key areas of "two industries"
First of all, according to the statistical classification standards of the "two industries" integration key areas, the industry sub-categories within the statistical scope are manually identified, and all the industry sub-categories with a high degree of integration are included in the summary measurement scope. Secondly, the units in the industry sub-categories with a low degree of integration will be manually identified according to the main business activities, and all the units identified as belonging to the integration field will be included in the scope of statistical monitoring. Finally, according to the results of industry and unit identification, data calculations are carried out regularly, and the number of units, industry structure, regional distribution, realized revenue, profits, employees, typical cases of information construction, research and development innovation, and integration mode in the key areas of "two industries" integration are timely grasped.
(2) Ideas for the use of monitoring and evaluation systems
Based on the constructed index system, the index data is first standardized by using dispersion standardization, and the absolute number index is converted into a relative number index; then the entropy weight method in the objective empowerment method is used to determine the weight of the evaluation index; and finally the linear weighted summation method is used to measure the monitoring and evaluation index at all levels. That is, the standardized values of the three-level indicators are multiplied by their corresponding weights to obtain the index values of each three-level indicator; and then the secondary sub-index values such as the potential scale index, the fusion structure index, the fusion potential index, and the basic input index are calculated separately, which are calculated by adding up the index values of the three-level indicators, reflecting the integration of the "two industries" in different dimensions; finally, the comprehensive index of the integration of the "two industries" is calculated, which is calculated by adding up the values of the four sub-dimensional indexes, and the overall degree of integration of the "two industries" is reflected. The comprehensive index can be used to dynamically monitor and evaluate the effectiveness and existing problems of the integrated development of the "two industries", reflecting the changes in policy implementation and integration promotion between years. For some indicators for which progress is available, they can be used to supplement the daily statistical monitoring and analysis.
(3) Suggestions for improving the statistical system and methods
In order to better meet the needs of the "two industries" integrated statistical monitoring, combined with the research situation of the project, the existing reporting system is proposed to adjust and improve the proposal: first, add "service income" and "income from providing services to manufacturing enterprises" in the financial annual report; second, add 3 questions in the information and e-commerce application table: "What kind of Internet-related business activities are engaged in", "Enterprise cloud situation", "whether the products produced by enterprises have Internet-related functions"; third, add in the production and operation prosperity status table Questions such as "whether services were provided to manufacturing companies during the quarter" and "to which regions were serviced during the quarter".
Source: Published by China Information News on April 2, Author: Xia Qinfang, Deputy Director of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, Zheng Ruifang, Deputy Director of the Service Department of Beijing Municipal Bureau of Statistics, Hou Shouguo, Director of Enterprise Investigation Division, Department of Service Statistics, National Bureau of Statistics.