Four Field General Series: Mo Wenhua 2
Author: Mast
At the beginning of the Long March, Mo Wenhua served as the propaganda director of the newly formed Red 8 Army. During the Battle of xiangjiang, the Red 8th Army was severely depleted, and the headquarters abolished the regiment at the Liping Conference in mid-December 1935. After the Zunyi Conference, Mo Wenhua transferred the Higher Cadre Unit (Shanggan Brigade) of the Red Army as the political commissar, and began about 2 years of military education work. After the Long March to northern Shaanxi, Mo Wenhua first studied at the First Phase of the Red University, and after graduation, he served as the director of the political department of the Kang Da, and in February 1938, he was transferred to the political department of the Left Behind Corps. This article talks about some of the red love stories that Mo Wenhua witnessed in Yan'an.
(1) Witnessed the red marriage and love in a special period
After the end of the Long March of the Red Army, many cadres of the Red Army had been working together for nearly 10 years, and they had long passed the normal age of marriage and love in that era. In 1936, Mo Wenhua was 26 years old, Lin Biao was 29 years old, and Luo Ronghuan was 34 years old. After the Xi'an incident, the environment temporarily stabilized, and the marriage issue of older cadres began to be put on the agenda.
At that time, the ratio of men to women in Yan'an was seriously imbalanced, and there are data, the highest time is 30 to 1, and the lowest time is also 8 to 1. Therefore, it is not easy for Red Army cadres to fall in love and start a family. At that time, the chief was also very concerned about this problem, and gave priority to helping some elderly cadres start a family. At that time, some female Red Army women of the Red Fourth Front marched to Yan'an, and many people were introduced to marry and start a family with Red Army cadres. Luo Ronghuan and other "older youths" were married at the end of 1936. But this is after all a minority, Chen Guang was 32 years old when he was the commander of the 343rd Brigade of the 115th Division and went to the front, still single.
After 1937, intellectual youth from all over the country came to Yan'an, including many young women. This brought fresh air to this ancient city on the Loess Plateau, and at the same time created conditions for the Red Army cadres to fall in love and get married, and many students of the Kang Da also talked about love.
Because the study task of Kang Da was relatively tense, Mo Wenhua was worried that the trainees' love affair would affect their studies, so he issued a notice in the name of the Political Department of kang da, stipulating that the trainees "must not fall in love and cannot get married during the study period." As you can imagine, this provision must have been "unpopular" at the time.
According to Mo Wenhua's recollection, during this period, a "colonel leader" fell in love with a female student and married, and there was no report. But the paper wrapper can't hold the fire. After this incident was exposed, the "anti-colonel leader" was demoted. The author consulted historical materials, and there were several "leaders of the Kang University" at that time: Lin Biao, the principal, Liu Yalou, the director of the education department, Fu Zhong, director of the Political Department, and Mo Wenhua, deputy director of the Political Department (who was promoted to director after Fu was transferred).
Liu Yalou
The author analyzes and judges that mo Wenhua's "anti-colonel leader" in his memoirs should refer to Liu Yalou. There are two reasons: first, Liu Yalou was changed from the minister of education to the minister of training in April 1937, which is a demotion (the training minister is not a school leader), and other school leaders have no demotion experience; the second is to consult some information, Liu Yalou should have had a marriage during that time, and the object is a member of the Anti-University. Of course, this is only an analysis, and no authoritative data has been found to record this matter, so I sincerely ask friends who have first-hand information to provide it.
(2) The Chairman put forward three principles of love and marriage
Liu Yalou was 27 years old at the time, and in that era he undoubtedly belonged to the elderly youth. Although the school leaders "took the lead" to be demoted in violation of the school rules, it is excusable on the one hand; second, it is also because of love, and it is also worth it.
At that time, many Red Army generals were accustomed to working the battlefield, and the character and style of the soldiers were straightforward, treating the love scene as a battlefield and the object as a position, going straight ahead, and hitting hard and charging hard. The most extreme is Huang Kegong, the captain of the third phase of the anti-university.
Huang Kegong served as the political commissar of the regiment during the Red Army period, fought bravely, dared to fight and dare to rush, and stayed in the school as a teacher after graduating from the Kang University. He fell in love with Liu Qian, a female student at Northern Shaanxi Public School. But later Liu Qian was unwilling. This was a normal thing, but Huang Kegong could not accept it. One day at the end of September 1937, Huang Kegong invited Liu Qian to the Yan'an River to talk about it, but Liu Qian was unwilling. Huang Kegong was furious and shot and killed Liu Qian. After the results of the investigation were announced, public opinion in Yan'an and China reacted strongly. On October 11 of that year, the Supreme Court of the Border Region sentenced Huang Kegong to death and executed by firing squad.
After the Huang Kegong incident, the chairman specially went to Kang Da to make a report entitled "Revolution and the Problem of Love", proposing three principles to be observed in love and marriage, namely, the principle of revolution, the principle of not hindering work and study, and the principle of voluntariness. After the three principles of the chairman were promulgated, the Kang Da basically abolished the stipulation that students "must not fall in love and cannot get married", and instead paid attention to guiding the students to establish a correct concept of love and marriage.
At the beginning of 1938, Mo Wenhua, who was also the leader of the Kang University, married yang Feng, a female student, after more than 2 months of love. According to Mo Wenhua's recollection, the conditions in Yan'an were very poor at that time, and many young cadres lived in collective dormitories, and did not have their own separate houses or caves after marriage. To this end, some units have specially excavated some cave dwellings as "youth dormitories", which have only one bed and pay 5 cents a day. Many young couples bring their quilts for the night and return to their combat posts the next day.
This was the marriage and living condition of cadres and intellectuals in Yan'an in that era. Although it is hard, it is very happy, because there are ideals and the heart is full of hope.
In the autumn of 1941, Mo Wenhua was in Yan'an
(3) Lin Biao has a very good way of fighting, but he does not pay any attention to strategy and tactics in the love field
Lin Biao, known as the "God of War", has a huge contrast between himself on the battlefield and on the love field.
Lin Biao is a famous general of the Red Army, and he has been established for a long time, and there are naturally many people who introduce objects to zhang Luo. Once someone introduced Lin Biao to a female student of the Anti-University. The introducer did not know whether it was negligence or intention, did not explain to the female student that it was the object of introduction, brought her to Lin Biao, and walked away. The female student thought that Principal Lin was looking for her, so she waited for Principal Lin to speak, but Lin Biao did not speak, and the two sat quietly.
After a long time, Lin Biao suddenly said, "Let's get married, shall we?" The female student was suddenly confused, and when the reaction came, she cried in fright, pushed the door and ran out, shouting: "I don't do it!" I don't do it! ”
Afterwards, Mo Wenhua and others complained that Lin Biao was too anxious and too blunt, how could he attack and attack as soon as he came up? This is the first time to meet, marriage and the like, should be said after a while, love field also to talk about some strategy and tactics ah! Ke Lin Biao also had a good word: "This has to be said sooner or later anyway, and it is better to say it later than to say it earlier." ”
Lin Biao is meticulous in his thinking, has a very good way of fighting, has a first-class tactical level, and is especially good at fighting skillful battles. But in the love field, there is no tactic at all, and the contrast is huge. Truly obeyed this "God of War".
In the summer of 1937, Lin Biao married Zhang Mei (formerly known as Liu Xinmin), an 18-year-old rice girl, and had a daughter, Lin Xiaolin. Zhang Mei people called "a branch of flowers in northern Shaanxi", how did Lin Biao catch up, the author is very curious, but he is struggling to find information, perhaps this time pay attention to strategy and tactics? It is said that the personalities of the two are too contrasting, and they broke up after 5 years of marriage. That's a story for another day.
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