The Classic of Mountains and Seas is the internal combustion engine of Chinese philosophical enlightenment, and it is not a pure mythological existence.
Illustration from Chen Siyu's Classic of Mountains and Seas
The road map is from Xu Ke's vernacular color map "Classic of Mountains and Seas"
Vertical
note
Overseas East Longitude:
The Overseas East Classics follow the Dishan in the Overseas North Classics, recording the countries and mountains and rivers from the southeast corner to the northeast corner of the overseas.
Vernacular:
The Emperor of Heaven ordered Shuhai to measure the length of the earth with his footsteps, and Shuhai walked a total of 509,800 steps from the easternmost point to the westernmost point.
Shu hai held the chip in his right hand and pointed to the northern end of the Qingqiu Kingdom with his left hand.
It is said that Yu ordered Shuhai to measure the earth with his footsteps. The result of the measurement is 509,800 steps.
exegesis:
- Emperor: Emperor of Heaven. One says Yu.
- STEP: Measure distance by footstep.
- 东极：天的最东边。
- 西极：天的最西边。
- Choice: 10,000.
- Counting: Tong "suàn", refers to the chips used in ancient calculations.
Vertical Hai:
- 竖亥，测量鼻祖
In Chinese myths and legends, Shuhai is a particularly "walking" god. It is said that after Dayu calmed down the flood, there was a difference between land and rivers, lakes and seas, and the land became connected, changing the situation in which tribes lived in one corner in the past.
If Dayu wants to reorganize his homeland and divide the area, he must understand the geographical orientation and land area.
So he sent Shuhai to measure the size of the earth with his footsteps. Shu Hai walked very fast, and it was most appropriate for him to measure it.
From east to west, Shuhai walked a total of 509,800 steps; from south to north, a total of 233,575 steps were walked.
Vertical
This set of numbers, in fact, only virtually represents the vastness of the region, and has no practical significance, but from the numbers, we can also see that the ancients believed that the earth was square, which is in line with the traditional understanding of the ancients of "the heavenly round place".
- Boldly calculating, the distance between the east and the west and the north and south of the vertical sea is too frightening
按正常人的步子来讲，一步大概60~75厘米。
我们来换算下，竖亥的南北距离为二亿三万三千五百七十五步，东西距离为五亿十万九千八百步：
Actual distance from north to south: 200033575 * 0.6 / 1000 ≈ 120020 km.
Actual distance from east to west: 500109800 * 0.6 / 1000 ≈ 300065 km.
Earth, circumference, diameter
太不可思议了，地球赤道的直径才12756公里，周长也才4万公里。
也就是说按山海经记载的“南北”距离来讲，沿着赤道从东到西绕地球得跑差不多24圈。 如果按“南北”距离来讲，那也得10圈左右。
This possibility is as basically untrustworthy as the "Southern Ming Dynasty confrontation with the Later Jin". Therefore, according to this interpretation, it is not credible, and it is categorically contrary to the original meaning of Shuhai.
- According to historical documents, the distance between north and south and east and west is calculated again
"In ancient times, 100,000 was a billion, and a billion was a sign", so some scholars pointed out that the "ten" in the "five hundred and ten choices (ten thousand) nine thousand eight hundred steps" in the Overseas Eastern Classics is a mistake of the word "seven".
那么《海经》记述竖亥量的东西距离是579800步，南北距离是233575步。
The ancients took one foot as a step (kuǐ), and doubled as a step, that is, two feet each took a step as a step.
One foot is a foot, two feet is a step
In the Book of Rites and The Imperial System, it is said: "The ancients took the zhou foot eight feet as a step."
Archaeology confirms that a foot in the Shang Dynasty was about 17 centimeters, and a foot in the Zhou Dynasty was 19.7 centimeters.
如果按周代的计算方法，所以我们这里按照较长的周尺来计算，一步是160厘米左右。 我们再来重新计算一下：
Actual distance from north to south: 233575 * 1.6 / 1000 ≈ 373.72 km.
The actual distance from east to west: 579800 * 1.6 / 1000 ≈ 927.68 km.
《山海经》记载：“竖亥... Left finger Green Hill North".
青丘理论上大概在今天山东东营广饶县西北边的高青县。 From Gaoqing to the west of 927 kilometers, about to the present-day Shaanxi Tongguan neighborhood, is basically across the distance between Shandong and Henan provinces.
南北距离374公里，差不多是东西长度的三分之一，“南北“从理论上大概是从高青到临沂的距离。
In summary, the theoretically more understandable distances of "east-west" and "north-south" are "927 kilometers" and "374 kilometers", respectively. The actual orientation is "Shandong Dongying to Shaanxi Tongguan" and "Shandong Dongying to Shandong Linyi".
Qingqiu Kingdom:
青丘根据文献记载，理论上的位置在今天山东广饶县西北边的高青县境内。
Overseas Four Classics and Overseas East Longitude
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Welcome to continue reading the next article: Guoxue "Classic of Mountains and Seas" Overseas Eastern Classics - Tianwu, the king of eight heads, eight tails and eight legs.
Maybe you have come into contact with more Western culture or Japanese and Korean culture, but you don't know where Japanese and Korean culture comes from! Chinese civilization has a history of more than 3,900 years since the establishment of the Xia Dynasty, and Chinese culture has been even longer, that has to be counted from Fuxi and Nüwa. In the early days, the wisdom of the ancestors was like the infant of "learning to speak" to the prosperity of civilization, and every step of the world was found.
Here, the basic information of the "Classic of Mountains and Seas" is sorted out and read in the form of a short film for everyone to read.
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