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In the agrarian society, the big fishing and hunting people are semi-hidden, and the mountain woodcutters are farmers. Reminiscing about the years of hurried knowledge of youth, going into the countryside and following the customs, sowing in the spring, summer, harvesting in the autumn, wearing a hat, rolling up the pants and feet of the field, carrying a wood knife into the mountains, farmers live, sour, sweet, bitter and spicy. However, after settling in the first rich soil of the Tateshina Dam, the grain oil and salt are not worried, but they are trapped by fireworks in the world. Those who are difficult and have to work hard are the things that go up the mountain to cut firewood. In Chinese's favorite symphony of pots and pans, after all, the burning flame is the warmest mode. Compared with the countless bundles of firewood in front of and behind the houses in the hometowns, we know that the firewood behind the green houses is always clear at a glance and does not need to be counted. Whenever the firewood ran out and could not be continued, he had to tell the captain for "salary cut leave". The captain nodded, which was equivalent to getting the "order to enter the mountain", and I waited for the whole outfit, a rope around my waist, a wood knife, a face veil, and shouted: "Go, go up the mountain!" That situation is the "earth-shaped skeleton" (then called "rotten format") that handsome men and women think of today that they want to complain about. The place where my generation often went to "cutting salaries" was more than a mile away from Houcao, and then left the road from behind the Daoban House to go up the mountain, and then approached the two-mile road in the direction of Weijiawan, which was a place where Houcao could not manage it, and Weijiawan could not manage it. There are crooked mountain roads, narrow steep slopes, rocky cliffs, weeds and weeds, similar to the place where monsters appear in "Journey to the West" and strongmen in "Water Margin". This time out, it is said that it is not false to cut firewood, but it also has the meaning of sneaking around to give yourself a holiday. Several people, shaking their heads, sang the theme song of the World War II film "Rather Die Unyieldingly" from albania, which was popular throughout China at that time: Hurry up the mountain, warriors, we join the guerrillas in the spring. The end of the enemy is coming, and our motherland will be liberated!
According to the popular singing method of the intellectuals at that time, "We joined the guerrillas in the spring" was often ridiculed as "we joined the bandits in the spring". Moreover, the word "bandit" aggravates the tone, quite a bit of "laughter in the rivers and lakes, the world is at ease", and there is also a little cynical anti-fun. Of course, the purpose of entering the mountains is to cut wages, and the matter of cutting firewood and burning fires must not be sloppy, otherwise even if there is fat meat, it can only be hungry. At that time, the wood leaves were sparsely populated and densely forested, except for the crop fields, the oil tea mountains and the mountain forests that the production team had banned, all of which were firewood forests that could be cut down. However, Zhiqing chopping wood has its own Zhiqing rules. In the theory of the earth, rabbits do not eat grass on the edge of the nest, do not violate the prohibition of the team, and do not provoke the anger of the people. Looking at the head, when the Heavenly Lord and the Land Bodhisattva are snoozing, it is inevitable to play the edge ball. In terms of size, the big trees cannot be cut down, the young plants are not cut, not big or small, and the one or two inches caliber is the right firewood. In terms of varieties, dense texture, burn-resistant miscellaneous wood is the right choice. Tea oil wood, on the other hand, has a fine and firm texture, is rich in oil and flame, and is resistant to burning. Therefore, the collective ownership of camellia oleifera mountains and wild camellia oleifera wood, especially the one- and two-finger thick camellia oleifera wood, is the best choice. The work of chopping wood with a little technical content is yard and bundle. Remove the branches and leaves, and the firewood of different thicknesses should be relatively neat in length, thick on the inside, and on the substrate. Thin on the outside, there is a restraint, compact. After the yard is completed, one or two rattans are cut and tied, and the binding must not only be hard, but also skillful. Ping Su saw his fellow villagers bundle firewood, three times five times, turning a few times, a large bundle of tightly tied firewood came out. And the bundles we put together are not only small, but also loose and crumbling, and we look at them with a heart. Carrying firewood home is also a challenge to physical fitness and will. Coming and going empty-handed, looking at the scenery with open eyes, and singing and sending joy, it can be described as leisurely. The return journey weighed heavily on the shoulders and was breathless. In particular, the shoulders are pressed and painful, so we can't fight for endurance, and often use a drum to make a breath, and after a ride, we will stop breathing. The breath here is actually deflation, which is inflated during the stroke and deflated after a period of flushing. At this time, when I saw who was "hanging" the bundle of firewood on the side of the road, I couldn't help but take the "evil thought" in my heart, oh, the next time there is such a "floating wood", I must not hesitate to "plunder" and go home! Collect firewood, so annoying! The most impressive experience of chopping wood was after the second brother Ming Yang transferred from Wulong to Muye. At that time, he had already separated from Mengwa and others. Chai is each beaten, but going into the mountains is still brotherhood, going in and out. Ming Yang earned work at home, and I went into the mountains with Mengwa. When we reached our destination, we scattered and fought separately. Halfway through the process, I felt that the neck was a little "itchy", I didn't think so, and soon, the chest and back were also itchy, the more scratched and itchy, and there was a feeling of itching, I couldn't help but undo the shirt, saw a lot of small red dots on the body, and immediately realized that "skin allergies". A little nervous, he hurriedly found Mengwa, untied the rope of the chai knife, entrusted it to him, and said: "I went to Xinglong Hospital!" "The rush march for an hour (I didn't see a car and a rider along the way) finally reached Xinglong Hospital. The doctor prescribed chlorpheniramine, vitamins and the like, and immediately took it with warm boiled water. When passing by the Xinglong Food Station, I accidentally caught up with the "good thing", bought a "pig bone", and mixed two points of joy in the pity. Back home, it was the end of the team, and Ming Yang was cooking on the fire. I then broke down the pig's bones on the cutting board. First, because of allergies, my mind was a little confused. Second, take the tranquilizer, the brain shell is a little confused. A knife went down, and it landed on the fingernail of the left middle finger, and a scream was so painful that it was painful! It startled Ming Yang, who was burning the fire. Fortunately, the nails played a little protective role, but after all, it was the strength to cut bones! Suddenly, his nails cracked and blood poured out, and Ming Yang quickly found a strip of cloth and wrapped his middle finger. This night, nothing was tasteless to eat. At dawn the next day, I came to the side of the highway early, like a wounded soldier, dying waiting for the shuttle bus from the county seat. In less than 24 hours, I came to Xinglong District Hospital for the second time – but this time, not in internal medicine, but in surgery.
11
Leper Memoirs
痨, in Chongqing dialect, is pronounced as "noisy". According to the Explanation of the Commentaries on the Interpretation of Texts, this word should have been imported from North Korea, referring to poisoning with drugs. In today's Chongqing dialect, the meaning of the sound still exists, because of the homophony, the common word is mistakenly written as "noisy". The origin of the custom of "hilarious fish" of the Muye people is no longer traceable. But from the perspective of environmental psychology, its customs should begin with the people of heaven and earth and the friendship of Tai. Every spring and March, the Tujia family who surround the fire for a whole winter, seeing the river gushing and the fish jumping in the blue waves, it is inevitable that the temperament is obvious, and the meaning of self-generation and natural closeness. However, the local people have a rough temperament and little text, sit and fish for no reason, and simply use the method of "tuberculosis" in order to solve it in batches, so as to wait for work, which naturally caters to the situation of the people at that time and place. However, the time and place are favorable and the people are ready, where is the medicine? It just so happens that before wintering is the season when the local tea seed oil is concentrated, and the "oil hoops" (oil cakes) after the oil pressing abound. The oil hoop contains a high theophylline, has anesthetic effect, and is used in the slow-growing cold-water fish in the river, and the drug effect is even worse. In this way, the matter of the leper fish is natural. The procedure for leper is, first of all, "pharmaceutical". Mash the oil hoops in advance and soak them in water. Wait for theophylline to dissolve in water. On the day of the leper fishing, there was roughly a convention in time. Eat breakfast – by the way, the local folklore has retained the ancient custom of eating twice a day. To this day, locals, and even the township government canteen, only "hi" twice a day – breakfast is about 10 o'clock after Beijing time. The people who undertook the medicine began to pour the prepared oil hoop water into the river in the Mao family yard at the source of the Muye River, and theophylline entered the water, flooding the river with white foam, and went down the water, and after ten minutes, there were white overturned large and small fish floating on the water. The villagers' festival began. The Muye River flows from the Mao family yard to the Tateshina Dam, and it has long been a period of time for men, women and children with steel forks, picks, basins, or strict formations in the river, or the shore is looking forward to watch. When the fish float on the surface of the water, the people flock to the flock, shouting and shouting, and the momentum is noisy. There are heavily armed people, the big fish are caught with steel forks, and the small fish are caught by hand. There are people who are slow and half-shooting, see others fiercely caught, rush to fetch water, and scream. There are those who cannot go down the river, and those who are in the middle of the river point to the north. There are also fishermen watching from the shore, laughing happily. From the Wooden Leaf Dam to the Tateshina Dam, the muye river is several miles long, and the crowds are crowded and the sound of joy is rippling. On this day, it is the happy Spring Festival day of Muye Village. The Muye River is a small, self-growing river that originates from the rock bottom, with little flow, shallow riverbed, and almost purely cold-water fish species. Cold-water fish grow slowly, so the fish resources of the Muye River can only be evaluated by the word poor. And this kind of fishing custom, although it satisfies the psychological release of the villagers to welcome spring, brings a momentary joy to everyone (during the period, it may also sprout the wood leaf relationship between young men and women). However, this cultural primitive way has seriously damaged the natural original ecology of the Muye River. In my impression, I have never seen more than a pound of cold-water fish in the Muye River, not only because the fish grow slowly, but also because the living environment of the fish is harsh. Fortunately, the era when cultural ecology squeezed the natural ecology has passed. Now in the Muye River, the government has banned leper fish. After a few years, the custom of hiccups will eventually become a trivial memory of the past, as a memory, to preserve a historical memory for future generations.
12
Funeral notes
Tujia customs, marriage and funeral, red and white are happy. Therefore, funerals, especially the funerals of the elderly, are extremely solemn. Home is old and ready. Usually, people who have passed the age of fifty or sixty have to prepare coffins (hades) and store grain. As soon as the old man goes, he will do a lively and lively operation, killing chickens and slaughtering pigs, and opening rice dumplings to enjoy the four directions. And the people in the four directions are also very well informed. Whoever is doing with the old man in the house, there are always well-informed people who have this account in their hearts, and will often release the wind in the way of swinging the dragon gate array. Hearing the old birds flying in the trees or in the sky, people began to talk: "That house's rice dumplings are going to open?" "Well-informed people will have a clear-sighted analysis of what happened to the old lady (old man) of a certain family. If there is a well-known Mr. Filial Piety (Filial Piety Singer) in your team, you will receive an invitation. At that time, who went to several teams of a certain family, everyone did not have to guess, and their minds wondered what the family's situation was and what the funeral specifications would be. We know that young people will naturally go to join in the fun. One is that this is a godsend tandem opportunity, and it is possible not to ask the captain for leave. Second, you can beat the tooth sacrifice. Why not enjoy it in one fell swoop? I have attended the funeral of the Liu family of the fifth team of the Tateshiba Tateshina. The funeral procedure of the Tujia family is complicated, from falling to the burial, it is usually as follows: mourning, entering the coffin, covering the lamp, summoning the soul, singing filial piety, opening the church, asking the gods, opening filial piety, weeping spirits, circling the coffin, wearing flowers, dissolving the festival, passing the lamp, going to the bridge, mourning, burial, etc. We only participated in one part of the singing of filial piety songs, and the rest, at that time, we were not awake and not very interested. The scene of singing filial piety songs is very popular. The people listening to the song surrounded the city into a circle, and several square tables were spliced into a long row, and a dozen or so mr. filial pieties sat around the table. The filial piety gentlemen rotate like water, singing and banging gongs (also with drums). Generally speaking, the first to sing the head is nothing more than "the day is auspicious, and the heavens and the earth are open." The singers have arrived here, and the big luck is in Chang" and so on. The song head is rich in content, two sentences and one link, there are dozens of links, mainly to render the auspicious, mysterious and mournful atmosphere. After the song was sung, the filial piety gentlemen began to take turns to improvise. Knock on a gong and sing a sentence in a dragging voice. After singing, it is passed on to the next person to continue singing. The content of the song is generally to praise the meritorious character of the deceased, and also to add some historical figures and allusions at the right time. Because it was the late period of the Cultural Revolution, of course, it was indispensable to sing the praises of Chairman Mao and the "excellent situation" of the Cultural Revolution. I noticed that Yang Shengchun, the houcao I settled in, was also among Mr. Xiao, his head was originally large, his hair was fluffy, and he was very flamboyant. In addition, his voice is somewhat high-frequency, the tail of the singing voice has a trembling taste, shaking his head, and his stiff hair is also shaking. I can't help it.
Several Zhiqing Chen xxx, Gao xx, Qin xx, and Wang xx of the sixth team naturally acted as "commissioners" who received Zhiqing. However, for most intellectuals, they are not familiar with the deceased, and this kind of scene is just a strange look. So everyone walked lightly and went straight to the subject: sat on the square table. The Liu clan is a local Wang clan, and the whole village is a relative of the Liu clan except for two people from outside. Old Master Liu, who drove the crane west, had a solid foundation. Several sons are very good, the eldest is the branch secretary of the Tateshina Brigade, the second is a cadre of the Provincial Public Security Department, and the third is the director of the Xiaoxian Supply and Marketing Cooperative. So the funeral is genuine from the scene to the table. As I recall, meat dishes account for almost half. Elbows, old bacon, back pot meat, and chicken duck (duck). There are also many people who give gifts, send a large piece of bacon from a good family, and send a few pounds of rice noodles, grain, and flour if the family is not well off. Only those who know are regarded as "destitute households", empty hands and one mouth. Besides, the intellectuals are sluggish and widowed on weekdays, and they don't know etiquette. In particular, it is not possible to see oil-soaked, fragrant meat (commonly known as "sparkling" at that time). Without waiting for the dishes to be served, they quickly got up, almost finished eating, and after the whole thing was done, they discussed leaving. Walking out of the village, some people's mouths were not relieved, and their hearts were still worried about those big bowls of elbow bacon and the like. It is proposed that this face is big, people come and go, no one manages, anyway, it is better to open the whole thing than to go to the "second fire" (eat twice). Many people echoed in unison, "Oh! There are also a few people who do not know whether their appetite is filled or whether they are thin-skinned, and they give up the opportunity to "kill back the carbine". So seven or eight people circled around the perimeter, and then a "second into the palace" brushed and sat down at a table, and the chopsticks were picked up and dried. Officials, in that kind of place in those years, knowing the youth was a rarity, each one had a head and a face, and a few members of the masses did not know. See how many grandfathers you have finished eating and left, and in less than a moment or three, you turned around and killed back, and your heart was not clear. Without saying anything in the mouth, eyebrows are affectionate, and they all brush and stare at this table of "special diners". Speaking of young intellectuals, which one is not a "human spirit"? Although he coveted the blessing of the mouth, he had a pig face and a loud heart, and when he saw that everyone was staring at this side, his heart was full of weakness and uncomfortable. Hurriedly walked through the formalities, even the meat bowl had not yet been "swept" away, and finally one of them could not stand up, got up and slid away, and all of them retreated en masse. Along the way, the soles of everyone's feet seemed to be greased and slipped fast. Each one tried his best to hold back, suffocated, and when he was far away, he couldn't help but burst out laughing together. Afterwards, we learned that there were "powerful people" who were so angry that they wanted to lead someone to tie up a few ignorant young people who did not know etiquette. Or the Liu family boss has a high level of policy, is lenient and benevolent, and has let Zhiqing a horse. Only then did the hungry intellectuals avoid the "curse of the tongue" once. The laughter of the Zhiqing after escaping from "Liu Jiazhuang" is actually laughing at themselves. The spring famine years, the ignorant age yo, sad for the mouth, you say funny is not funny!
Ming Xi Ah Peng, real name Li Penghui, Chongqing native, graduated from the Chinese Department of Southwest Normal University, taught at Jintang Normal School for about ten years, is currently retired, likes photography and writing, especially good rhyme poetry, good writing