At about 3 p.m. on February 27, 1933, there was a sudden "terrible police whistle" on the street in Harbin, and an elderly beggar-like woman was running wildly, while more than 10 Japanese police officers were chasing her.
Harbin in the 1930s
Later, she ran to a small alley, but 5 or 6 Japanese police officers appeared across from her, and they fired guns and threatened the woman not to act rashly.
When the Japanese police took off the woman's hat, they were surprised to find that the woman who tried to assassinate the commander of the Kwantung Army and the ambassador to Puppet Manchuria turned out to be a 61-year-old woman.
The old woman was arrested and tortured, but instead of compromising, she expressed her anti-Japanese stance through hunger strikes, and eventually died.
She is known as the "mother of the Independence Army" - "Nan Cixian".
Actively participated in the independence movement and fled to the northeast of the mainland
Nam Tsehyun was born in 1872, when Korea, although nominally vassal state, was generally relatively liberal because the Qing did not intervene much in the peninsula.
Therefore, in the eyes of the Korean people, the peninsula is still a relatively independent country, and although King Gojong is relatively cowardly, he is still the spiritual leader in people's hearts.
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After Japan forced Korea to sign the Ganghwa Treaty in 1876, it opened the door of Korea and began to encroach on the peninsula step by step.
With Japan's victory over the Qing Dynasty in the Sino-Japanese War, it finally became the de facto controller of the peninsula and made great strides towards the complete annexation of the peninsula.
Qing troops captured in the Sino-Japanese War
Japanese officials on the Korean Peninsula
Of course, the Korean people saw through the wolf ambitions of the Japanese invaders, and various armed uprisings broke out in various parts of the peninsula, and the Japanese held down the gourd on this side and the scoop on the other side.
But after all, the arms could not twist the thighs, and even the regular army of the Qing Dynasty was not a rival to the Japanese, let alone the civilian armed forces on the peninsula.
Therefore, these peninsula volunteers suffered heavy damage in every battle with the Japanese army.
Nam Choi-hyun's husband, Kim Young-so, is a doctor, and when he saw that the brave volunteers could not get good treatment, he resolutely decided to devote himself to the cause of national salvation.
Nam Chi-hyun certainly doesn't want her husband to take any risks, but Kim Young-so says, "When the country falls apart, how can I hide at home alone?" If I die in battle, I will meet under the Nine Springs. ”
Later, Kim Young-so died in a battle between the volunteers and the Japanese, and was sent home with only a blood-stained shirt.
Hearing of her husband's death, Nan Cixian was in pain, but she still had a son and two elderly people in the family who needed to be taken care of, so she could only temporarily put away her bitter hatred for the Japanese invaders and strive to survive by raising silkworms and weaving fabrics.
Nan Cixian's family photo
As the days passed, to outsiders, Nan Cixian seemed to have forgotten her hatred for the Japanese invaders and was bent on living a good life, but only she herself knew how high the flame of hatred in her heart was.
On March 1, 1919, the "Trinity Independence Movement" broke out on the Korean Peninsula, and the people took the opportunity of TheOsung's state funeral to launch a mass petition demanding independence of the peninsula.
At this time, it has been 23 years since Kim Young-so's sacrifice, and his son is also 23 years old, fully capable of taking care of himself.
When Nan Cixian learned the news of the outbreak of the Trinity Movement, a sentence immediately popped up in her heart - "It's time to avenge her husband and save her country!" ”
Under the bloody suppression of the Japanese side, the Trinity Independence Movement failed miserably, killing and injuring more than 20,000 North Koreans in just over two months, nearly 50,000 people arrested and imprisoned, and a large number of independents fled overseas, including Nam Ci-hyun's mother and son.
Trinity Independence Movement
You must know that at this time, Nan Cixian was nearly fifty years old, and in the old society, she could already be regarded as an old lady, but she resolutely crossed the Yalu River to the northeast region of the mainland, which shows how deep the hatred in her heart for the Japanese invaders is.
He was revered as the "Mother of the Independence Army"
Nam Ci-hyun, who came to the northeast of the mainland, did not choose a peaceful life, but immediately joined the army organized by Korean overseas people, the "Manchuria Independence Army".
At that time, the independent army said that it was an army, but in fact, in terms of objective conditions such as weapons and equipment, logistical support, and the level of training of soldiers, there was not much difference between it and the bandits who occupied the mountains as kings.
Peninsula Volunteers
The arrival of Nan Cixian was of great importance to the Independence Army, as she was the only female member of the army, bringing a touch of warmth to the dull and tense barracks life.
Especially the young independence army soldiers, they are all childlike presence in the eyes of Nan Cixin, and every soldier can feel her sincerity.
Once, more than a dozen soldiers who participated in the Battle of Qingshan were scattered by the enemy and then arrived at Nan Cixin's home, and almost all of them suffered frostbite to varying degrees.
Nan Cixian burned a large pot of hot water, scrubbed their bodies and treated frostbite, and provided three meals a day in the following days, and the warriors recovered their health and said, "Nan Cixian is like his own biological mother!" ”。
Nan Cixian takes care of the young warriors
Subsequently, the reputation of the "mother of the independence army" spread, and the warriors regarded Nan Cixian as a mother-like existence, which also gave her great influence in various independent groups.
What is even more admirable is that when she saw that various independent movement groups were falling apart due to differences of opinion, she cut off her fingers twice and wrote a blood letter to advocate unity and show great anti-Japanese fighting spirit.
"Japan has occupied our country, and we are here to confront Japan, not for the sake of division and conflict between the same ethnic groups," she told everyone. ”
Therefore, in addition to the name of "mother of the independence army", she also had the honorific title of "Three-Fingered General".
The failure of the assassination attempt was the result of imprisonment, and the hunger strike in prison was martyred
Although Nan Cixian had a lot of prestige in the independent group, she was obviously not satisfied with this, because what she most hoped was to be able to kill a few high-ranking Japanese military and political officials with her own hands.
Funeral of Chunzong Li Tu
In late April 1926, the last emperor of the Joseon Dynasty, Chunjong Lee Tsui, died in Seoul's Changdeokgung Palace, and the Japanese colonial authorities, in order to buy people's hearts and minds, ordered a state funeral in accordance with the traditional interests of Korea.
Shortly after the news broke, two men and a woman appeared on the street near the Governor's Palace in Seoul, each with a pistol hidden under their clothes.
This woman was Nan Cixian, and the three of them planned to find an opportunity to assassinate "Saito Shi, the Japanese governor of Korea", at Junzong's funeral.
However, the assassination plan was not carried out, not because Nam Cixian retreated, but because another independent warrior, Song Xueshan, had tried to assassinate the governor Saito before them.
Saito Shigeru
As a result, because of the failure of the assassination, the Japanese police not only greatly strengthened the security work of the governor, but also began to search the streets and alleys of Seoul, and the three of them not only did not have the opportunity to succeed in the assassination, but they might be arrested.
In October 1931, after launching the September 18 Incident, Japan began a large-scale search and arrest operation in Harbin, Shenyang, Changchun and other places, with the aim of completely eliminating all anti-Japanese forces.
As a result, Kim Dong-san, who led the peninsula independence movement in the northeast of the mainland, was arrested by the Japanese police in Harbin, which had a huge impact on Nan Cixian.
Harbin in the 1930s
So, when Nam Chi-hyun learned that Kim Dong-san had been arrested by the Japanese police and was about to be escorted back to the peninsula for trial, he immediately began to make rescue plans.
After she found out the date of Kim Dong-san's return to the peninsula, she bought tickets for the same train with several independent volunteers and wanted to carry out rescue operations on the train, but they walked all over the train and did not see Kim Dong-san's figure.
Soon after, Kim Dong-sam died in Gyeongju Prison near Seoul, and Nam-hye-hyun was also deeply saddened, but it also strengthened her fighting spirit against Japan.
In 1932, Japan supported a puppet regime in the northeast of the mainland to come to power, and the international criticism was relatively loud, so the League of Nations investigation team decided to come to Harbin to investigate.
On May 3, 1932, the investigation team visited Puyi
It was at this time that Nam Ci-hyun cut off the ring finger of his left hand and wrote down the five characters of "Korean Independence Wish" on a white towel with blood, and sent it to the League of Nations Investigation Mission to swear the peninsula's desire for independence.
Unfortunately, because the Japanese side is strictly monitoring the League of Nations investigation mission, this blood letter did not really appear in front of the investigation team, but mysteriously disappeared.
Of course, this did not extinguish the flames of Nancixian's resistance to Japan, and she began to plan the assassination of the mastermind behind the puppet regime of puppet Manchu, that is, the commander of the Kwantung Army and the ambassador to Puppet Manchuria, "Muto Nobuyoshi".
(Another account is that the assassination mission sent to her by the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea)
Nobuaki Muto
In late February 1933, the so-called "anniversary of the establishment" of the puppet Manchu regime was immediately reached.
According to the plan, senior officials of both Japan and the puppet regime will attend the commemoration ceremony, and that day is also the "March 1 independence movement commemoration day" will be attended.
At this time, a woman dressed as a beggar appeared on the outskirts of Harbin, and she was Nan Cixin.
According to the plan, she needs to pretend to be a beggar to travel through various checkpoints to Changchun, and then look for an opportunity to assassinate Muto Nobuyoshi with a bomb or pistol during the anniversary celebrations.
But apparently the Japanese did not let their guard down during this sensitive period, and at a checkpoint in Harbin, the Japanese police found the strange appearance of the beggar woman.
So there was the opening scene, under the pursuit of more than 10 Japanese police, Nan Cixian was unfortunately arrested.
At this time, under her coat was the blood-stained military uniform of her husband's sacrifice, which showed that she had no intention of returning alive on this mission.
Nan Cixian, who was arrested, was imprisoned at the Japanese consulate and tortured, but instead of giving in, she decided to express her anti-Japanese attitude through a hunger strike.
When the Japanese police found that Nan Cixian's physical condition was irretrievable and had no use value, they released her on bail.
Nan Cixian's son and grandson are taking care of her
Related stories
Five days after her release on bail, Nan Was martyred at home, and at the last moment of her life, she gave her son 200 yuan and asked him to hand it over to the government when the peninsula became independent.
Nan Cixian, a woman known as the "Mother of the Independence Army", is committed to uniting the scattered independence movement groups, actively carrying out the assassination of important figures, the liberation campaign of the independence movement, and the appeal to the international community for independence.
At the age of sixty, she still adhered to the line of armed anti-Japanese struggle, and after her arrest, she did not hesitate to use her life to achieve the dream of independence on the peninsula, which had to be admired.
The character played by Jeon Ji-hyun in the movie "Assassination" is based on Nam Ci-hyun
Nan Cixian's children and grandchildren
Among the many people who sacrificed their lives for the restoration of the independence movement, there are many female anti-Japanese heroes like Nan Cixin, who have tasted the pain of imprisonment and embodied the true female strength.
In 1962, the South Korean government posthumously awarded the Presidential Award of the Order of the Founding of the People's Republic of China in honor of the noble spirit of the Southern Cixian, and her hometown later restored her former residence in honor of the Southern Cixian.