Follow the voice of the storm
Elevate your thinking
Guide
Among the top ten global project achievements in 2021, 4 are mainly from China (FAST, hybrid rice, Three Gorges, UHV), and one is China's greatest contribution to international cooperation (5G).
Video Link:
Watermelon Video:
https://www.ixigua.com/7068180516549329415
This video was released on February 25, 2021 and has been viewed 74,000 times
Highlights:
In 2021, Engineering, the journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, organized a selection of "Top Ten Global Engineering Achievements" (Engineering selected the top ten global engineering achievements in 2021 | Journal of the Chinese Academy of Engineering), the standard is a major achievement in engineering science and technology that has been completed in the world in the past five years, verified by practice, and has global influence, which can reflect the highest level of current engineering science and technology in one or more fields and lead future development. Let me introduce you to you.
AlphaGo and AlphaFold
In 2016, AlphaGo defeated human Go players for the first time. In 2018, AlphaFold predicted the three-dimensional spatial structure of human proteins with high precision. Organically combined with massive data, advanced algorithms, super computing power and domain knowledge, a new generation of artificial intelligence has opened a new stage of cognitive decision-making empowerment, and increasingly shows broad application prospects.
Second, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology research and development and application
In 2020, the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to scientists who developed CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology. This new technology, known as "gene scissors", has brought about new changes in molecular biology through the accurate and efficient modification of genomes through DNA shearing, and has great technical potential in the fields of genetic disease and tumor treatment, genetic screening and detection, animal and plant breeding and improvement.
Third, the extreme ultraviolet lithography system
The polar ultraviolet lithography system uses extreme ultraviolet light with a wavelength of 13.5 nanometers as the light source, which can advance the minimum process node of the chip process to 7 nanometers, 5 nanometers or even 3 nanometers. In 2019, the Dutch company Asmail successfully launched a new generation of extreme ultraviolet lithography systems, representing the most advanced fifth-generation lithography system today, which is expected to push the limits of Moore's Law physics to new heights.
Fourth, the fifth generation of mobile communication technology
In 2018, the world's first 5G technology standard was formulated; in 2019, 5G technology achieved large-scale commercial deployment for the first time. 5G technology with high speed, low latency and large connection characteristics can be used to enhance mobile broadband, ultra-high reliability and low latency communication and massive machine communication, realize the interconnection of man-machine and materials, and greatly accelerate the pace of digital transformation of human society.
5. 500-meter aperture spherical radio telescope
In 2020, fast, the world's largest and most sensitive single-aperture radio telescope, was officially opened for operation. FAST uses the karst depression as the base, lays thousands of units to form a 500-meter spherical crown-shaped active reflective surface, and adopts a large-scale flex cord drive feed chamber to achieve high-precision positioning of the receiver. FAST will make human beings' eyesight to explore the unknown areas of the universe deeper and more open-minded.
6. Hybrid rice
Hybrid rice mainly uses male sterile lines as genetic tools to cultivate high-yielding, disease-resistant and high-quality rice varieties with heterosis advantages. In 2020, the third generation of hybrid rice cultivated by the Chinese team of scientists set a new record of 1530.76 kg of double-cropping rice per mu. The successful research and development and large-scale promotion of hybrid rice is a major breakthrough in the world's crop science and technology, and provides an important guarantee for global food security.
7. InSight Mars Landing Probe
In 2018, the US InSight unmanned probe successfully landed on Mars. As the first probe to specialize in the internal structure of Mars, InSight carries advanced equipment to explore the crust, mantle and core of Mars, aiming to understand how Mars formed and evolved and how active it is today. This marks the beginning of the way humans detect terrestrial planets towards the "inner world" of planets.
8. Public health epidemic prevention and control in the fight against the new crown epidemic
In the face of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries have taken steps to respond to it. Many countries such as China, New Zealand, and South Korea have used scientific epidemic prevention and control strategies to carry out large-scale nucleic acid detection, big data tracking and traceability and health code identification, early detection, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment, implement differentiated and precise prevention and control of zoning and grading, and orderly promote the resumption of work and production, effectively controlling the large-scale spread of the epidemic.
9. Three Gorges Water Conservancy Hub Project of the Yangtze River
In 2020, after more than 20 years of construction, the Three Gorges Water Conservancy Hub Project of the Yangtze River in China completed the overall acceptance. This is currently the world's largest water conservancy hub project, with more than 20 economic and technical indicators ranking among the forefront in the world, with more than 10 functions such as flood control, power generation, shipping, ecological water replenishment, etc., playing a huge social and economic benefit and ecological benefits of energy conservation and emission reduction.
10. UHV transmission projects
UHV transmission is the most efficient and economical long-distance transmission method today. In 2009, China's first 1,000 kV UHV AC transmission project was put into operation; in 2019, the world's first plus or minus 1,100 kV UHVDC transmission project was completed and put into operation in China. China has the world's largest UHV transmission network, which has achieved cross-regional and large-scale optimal allocation of energy.
Finally, let me summarize. Among the ten major project achievements, 4 are mainly from China (FAST, hybrid rice, Three Gorges, UHV), and one is China's greatest contribution to international cooperation (5G). Even considering that this is the evaluation of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, but the selection process has attracted extensive participation from engineering and scientific and technological personnel from all over the world, after the global collection of nominations, expert selection and recommendation, public questionnaire survey, so China's 5 achievements are still quite solid, China is a well-deserved engineering superpower. Looking at the other 5 items, AlphaGo and AlphaFold are from the United States and the United Kingdom, CRISPR/Cas9 is from France and the United States, Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography is from the Netherlands, InSight is from the United States, and the fight against the new crown epidemic is a global matter, which shows that the United States is second only to China's engineering power.
But we also need to note that China's engineering achievements are mainly manifested in "big", and in "precision" and "pioneering" it is obviously inferior to the Netherlands and the United States. This also determines the areas where we are now stuck in the neck, especially chips. Only by abandoning the illusion of taking shortcuts, working hard for a long time, making up the foundation in many fields, and opening up new fields, can we lead mankind into a new era.