During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, a CCP member was captured by the enemy, but he was tenacious and unyielding, and under the persecution and threat of the enemy, he did not tell any information, and was eventually killed by the enemy.
While in prison, he wrote two suicide notes, and an old Japanese translator, touched by his patriotism, mailed the letters he had written in prison after his death. This martyr is Miao Kexiu, and I will take everyone to understand him next, hoping that more people can remember this martyr who died in the War of Resistance.
Miao Kexiu warned in Japanese that the horse was sold to the Japanese army
Miao Kexiu, formerly known as Miao Kexiu, was born in 1906 to a poor peasant family in Miaojiabaozi, Benxi County, Liaoning Province (now the Miaojia Production Team of Xiamatang Commune, Benxi County). Miao Kexiu has four older sisters above and a younger brother below, and the family has a large population and a very difficult life.
Picture | Miao Kexiu
Miao Kexiu's grandfather was a private school gentleman, who was influenced by his grandfather from an early age, liked to read, and was talented. But not long after, Miao Kexiu's grandfather died, and when he was nine years old, there came a Shandong Xiucai Mr. Miao Weizun in the village, and the old man taught private school in the village. Every day, the old man can see Xiaomiao Kexiu sitting on the back of the cow holding a book while herding cattle, and his eyes are not moving.
One day, Mr. Miao Weizun saw Miao Kexiu reading on the back of a cow and walked up to him: "Why don't you go to school, you want to read while herding cattle here?" ”
Miao Kexiu looked up at the old man and said, "I don't have money to study, I can only herd cattle." ”
"Then why do you have to read books when herding cattle?" Are you literate? ”
Miao Kexiu was angry, stood up and said, "I like to read, I want to read, and I can read, my grandfather taught me to read." ”
The old man immediately reassured: "Be well, well literate, then you are willing to let me teach you?" Miao Kexiu excitedly asked after hearing this: "Can you teach me?" I will definitely study hard. ”
The old man looked at Miao Kexiu so diligent and studious, and felt pity: "I am willing to teach you, and you do not need to pay tuition, as long as you have time, you can go to me." You can call me Mr. Miao, what's your name? ”
Miao Kexiu said happily, "Mr. Miao, my name is Miao Kexiu." ”
Under the guidance of the old man, Miao Kexiu completed his enlightenment studies. After that, he was admitted to Fengtian No. 3 High School with excellent results, however, his family was poor, and he eventually sold his property and could not afford to pay the tuition. Miao Kexiu looked at her eyes and was very distressed about her father, in order to reduce the burden on the family and earn tuition, she wrote to maintain her studies.
In 1926, Miao Kexiu was successfully admitted to the preparatory department of the Literature Department of Northeastern University and actively participated in school club activities. In the youth progressive group, he became an anti-feudal and anti-aggression young student leader. At this time, he not only has to bear the burden of the family, but also considers the funding of school activities. Miao Kexiu thought of using the winter and summer vacations every year to sell horses.
In the summer of 1928, Miao Kexiu bought 20 horses as usual, and when he drove the horses to the junction of Benxi Nanfen and Xia Ma Tang, he encountered the Japanese army. But Miao Kexiu did not panic, counted his thoughts, and said loudly to the Japanese army in Japanese: "These horses are ordered by the captain of the gendarmerie brigade stationed in Xiamatang, you dare to move these horses, be careful of people's heads." ”
Therefore, the Japanese army hurriedly put Miao Kexiu over, swung wildly, and left without hurrying. He was smart and willing to endure hardships, not only earning tuition but also funding for the activities of the club.
Joined Deng Tiemei's Volunteer Army
In 1929, Northeastern University students Zhang Xiyao, Yan Baohang and others initiated the establishment of the "Liaoning Provincial Association for the Promotion of National Common Sense" at the school, actively carrying out patriotic struggle activities of "arousing the people and opposing Japan to save the country". Miao Kexiu resolutely supported Zhang Xiyao's propositions and actively participated in the propaganda activities of the "Promotion Association" to "advocate domestic goods, boycott Japanese goods, and revitalize the national economy," thus arousing Miao Kexiu's sense of patriotism and independence.
Pictured| Zhang Xiyao
Miao Kexiu was indignant at the unequal peace treaty signed by Japanese imperialism with the mainland and the shameless act of stationing troops in the northeast. We were indignant at the Japanese invaders' forced demands that Chinese speak Japanese and buy Japanese goods. Miao Kexiu "promotes domestic products, boycotts Japanese goods" starts from himself, wears cloth clothes and shoes, and only uses domestic products, not Japanese goods.
Returning home from the summer vacation, Miao Kexiu, in order to show his resistance to Japanese imperialism, preferred to walk rather than take the Anfeng Line train operated by Japan, and his classmates were touched by Miao Kexiu's patriotic spirit and walked with him.
Once, Miao Kexiu spoke at the school-wide assembly: "We must remember that we are yellow-skinned, black-eyed, black-skinned Chinese, with their own history, ethnicity, language, and domestic goods." We must boycott Japanese goods, drive the Japanese aggressors out of our country, unite, and unite with the outside world. ”
The audience cheered and shouted: "Oppose Japanese goods, oppose the Japanese invaders, let the Japanese get out of China", and some students also took off their Japanese costumes on the spot and threw them on the ground.
In 1931, many people with lofty ideals petitioned the Nanjing government, but the Nanjing Nationalist Government banned and suppressed the petition activities of the masses, and the three petitions that Miao Kexiu joined failed.
This allows the masses of the people to see the determination of the people of the northeast to resist the war. At this time, Miao Kexiu was also completely disappointed in the National Government in Nanjing. He saw the determination of the masses in the northeast to resist the war and realized the importance of organizing the anti-Japanese armed forces.
In November 1931, Miao Kexiu and his classmates established the "Northeast Students Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army" at Northeastern University, and he served as the leader of the brigade. The "Northeast Student Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army" initially had only a few dozen people, but soon grew to two or three hundred. The purpose of the "Student Army" was to cultivate new types of combat talents and send them to the Northeast Volunteer Army. The "student army" also sent people to Liaoning to contact the local volunteer army, and quite a lot of progress was made.
In 1932, in order to unite and cooperate with the anti-Japanese armies in the Eastern Liaoning region, the Northeast People's Anti-Japanese Salvation Congress dispatched Miao Kexiu to the "Northeast Anti-Japanese National Salvation Self-Defense Army" led by Deng Tiemei in the Eastern Liaoning region to understand the situation.
Miao Kexiu did a lot of work in Deng Tiemei's troops, mediating multi-departmental contradictions and promoting multi-departmental unity and cooperation. He actively offered advice and counsel among Deng Tiemei's troops, helped the volunteer army to fight jointly, and repeatedly attacked the Japanese invaders' operations in China. After graduation, Miao Kexiu refused the suggestion that his teachers and classmates wanted him to stay in Beiping and resolutely joined Deng Tiemei's volunteer army.
After Miao Kexiu joined Deng Tiemei's troops, Deng Tiemei trusted him very much because of his heroic and resourceful performance in the troops, and appointed Miao Kexiu as the general counselor of the troops.
Miao Kexiu lived up to the expectations of the people, made a transformation of the military and political aspects of the troops, the combat ability of the volunteer army was stronger, and the Japanese Kou failed to encircle and suppress Deng Tiemei's volunteer army many times, and successfully attacked the conspiracies and tricks of the Japanese invaders.
Pictured| Deng Tiemei
The composition of Deng Tiemei's troops was very complex, including peasants, students, mountain bandits, and puppet troops who surrendered to the people, and the crowd was large, and the political ideology and combat ability were uneven. Looking at the increasingly severe anti-Japanese situation, he knew that the overall quality of the troops was not improving, and the battle was becoming more and more difficult to fight. Miao Kexiu had a higher education and had experience as a school leader to assist Deng Tiemei in the reorganization of the troops.
Because the personnel were too complicated, when Miao Kexiu assisted the troops in rectifying, he formulated strict discipline: do not scold people, do not beat people, do not disturb people, are willing to eat leftovers, and are willing to work for the masses. Although military discipline was strict, he set an example by example, strictly disciplined himself, ate and slept with soldiers, and did not engage in specialness. Sure enough, the overall quality of the army has improved, and Deng Tiemei's department has been more supported by the masses of the people.
But it was not enough, Miao Kexiu proposed to Deng Tiemei: "We should set up a school in the army to improve their combat effectiveness and cultivate their military talents." ”
Deng Tiemei waved a big hand: "This matter is entrusted to you, you do things, I am assured." ”
Therefore, Miao Kexiu established the Northeast People's Self-Defense Army Officer School, with Deng Tiemei as the principal and Miao Kexiu as the chief of education. After the opening of the military academy, Miao Kexiu was mainly responsible for the daily training of officers, and occasionally attended military and political classes. In his political class, Miao Kexiu preached the anti-Japanese policy advocated by the Communist Party and encouraged the trainees to carry forward the national spirit and persist in resisting Japan.
After graduation, they joined the anti-encirclement and suppression battles, played an important role in the struggle, and dealt a hard blow to the enemy, and the enemy hated this team to the bone.
Miao Kexiu inherited Deng Tiemei's legacy and founded the Young Iron Blood Army
In August 1932, the Japanese army instructed The county magistrate of Fengcheng County, Kang Xuansan, to persuade Miao Kexiu and Deng Tiemei to surrender. In order to gain time for the troops to rest and to paralyze and confuse the enemy, Miao Kexiu suggested that Deng Tiemei pretend to surrender and wipe out the enemy.
On August 17, Miao Kexiu held the first negotiations with the enemy at Hongqi Fort, 40 miles southwest of Fengcheng. During the negotiations, Miao Kexiu expressed that the volunteer army resolutely opposed the dismantling and reduction of the contingent, the external transfer of troops, and the replacement of the command personnel and command authority of the contingent. The enemy did not agree, and the two sides kept consulting and constantly maneuvering.
On September 4, the enemy again proposed negotiations, and before the negotiations, Deng Tiemei and Miao Kexiu held an emergency military meeting, at which they unanimously agreed that the policy of surrendering with a plan in order would not work, which would not only disturb the morale of the army, disintegrate the fighting spirit, and make the troops lose their trust in the people, but the enemy would also repent at any time, which was too dangerous.
At this time, Miao Kexiu received the news, and it turned out that the enemy had already secretly dispatched troops to wipe out the volunteer army. The enemy also created public opinion and trumpeted that Deng Tiemei's troops had "surrendered" and disturbed people's minds. Miao Kexiu immediately formulated a new combat strategy, successfully eliminated the enemy, and executed the enemy's leaders in public to show their determination to resist Japan, appease the masses of the people, and greatly encourage the anti-Japanese contingent in northeast China.
In December 1932, the Japanese Kou launched a frenzied counterattack against Deng Tiemei's department, launched a major crusade against the Triangle Resistance Zone, and occupied several important strongholds. Miao Kexiu led a large army to fight a guerrilla attack near the Dragon King Temple, and detected that hundreds of enemy troops were attacking in their direction. He led his troops to occupy a favorable geographical position, waiting for the enemy to enter the encirclement, but the enemy was too many and we were few, and the enemy army was not completely destroyed.
After dark, the Japanese puppet army attacked the Dragon King Temple from several directions of Xiuyan, Fengcheng, and Andong, and the threat was menacing. Miao Kexiu led his troops to retreat, and when they retreated to the vicinity of Madaogou, they engaged in a fierce struggle with the enemy.
In late December, Miao Kexiu and Deng Tiemei led troops to raid Honghualing, destroying the enemy in one fell swoop, and recapturing the Jianshan Kiln, and the enemy fled to The White Flag Fort. The Battle of Jianshan Kiln not only severely damaged the enemy army, but also recovered most of the base areas and crushed the enemy's first crusade.
In 1933, the anti-Japanese activities of the Northeast Volunteer Army gradually declined, and some volunteers even retreated to Xinjiang and the Soviet Union. Miao Kexiu was sad and indignant in his heart, but he still insisted on fighting. In order to preserve the strength of the War of Resistance, in April 1934, he established the Chinese Young Iron Blood Army, divided the team into 6 brigades and 12 detachments, and formulated the purpose of the team: to revitalize the northeast, rebuild China, and strive for the independence and equality of China's national society, so as to inspire the people and the army in the northeast.
The Young Predator Army grew rapidly, with more than 300 people by the end of the year, and it had repeatedly fought against the Japanese. In May, Miao Kexiu led his troops to meet the enemy in the big fork ditch, the iron-blooded army occupied the favorable terrain, launched a fierce attack on the enemy, our army won more with less, successfully defeated the enemy, and also captured a lieutenant officer.
In 1934, Deng Tiemei was killed by the Japanese army, and Miao Kexiu and the soldiers were furious and vowed to fight to the death. However, as the Japanese Kou pressed forward step by step, the enemy practiced brutal rule in the northeast, and the situation of struggle in the triangular anti-resistance zone became more and more severe, and Miao Kexiu could only lead his troops to march day and night.
On June 13, 1935, Miao Kexiu led the troops to move to Fengcheng Giethoorn Village. The warriors were very tired and rested. Miao Kexiu arranged the dark sentry and discussed the next march route with several leaders in the room.
Unbeknownst to them, there were traitors informing, and the enemy army slowly surrounded the village. At dawn, Miao Kexiu lay down to rest, and suddenly, there was a gunshot, he quickly gathered his troops and withdrew to the mountain, a shell struck, unfortunately hit. Miao Kexiu was seriously injured, and several warriors stayed behind to protect him, and the rest continued to retreat.
Miao Kexiu wrote two suicide notes in prison, which were mailed by Japanese translator.
On the night of June 21, the fighters carried Miao Kexiu into a small village, and were suddenly surrounded by enemy troops, and Miao Kexiu was captured by the enemy and imprisoned. The enemy used the commander of the guards as bait to persuade him to submit, but Miao Kexiu was unmoved.
A Japanese officer "preached" to Miao Kexiu: "We will help you liberate, fight for freedom, and live a new life, but you will overthrow us." ”
Miao Kexiu scolded Rikou's shameless behavior: "You are robbers and devils, running to our country, killing the people and seizing the land. Where freedom comes, where liberation comes! ”
The Japanese officer was speechless and could only threaten viciously: "If you do not surrender, you will undoubtedly die." ”
Miao Kexiu heard the laughter: "I am dead, Chinese will continue to fight, and one day I will drive you out of our country." ”
At that time, there was a Japanese translator named Maeyama in prison, who saw that Miao Kexiu was determined and admired, and also asked him to write an inscription to commemorate the occasion, knowing that Miao Kexiu was going to be executed, and asked him to write a letter to his family and help mail it on his behalf. He knew that his death was approaching, and wrote four words of "Righteous Qi Qianqiu" to give to Qianshan and two suicide notes.
A letter was written to his teachers and the Northeast Salvation Congress, asking them to take care of their parents, wives and children on their behalf, and also changed the name of their son to Miao Kangsheng.
Miao Kexiu wrote at the end of the letter: "I have been fighting for the Chinese nation all my life and dying for what I deserve. ”
In another letter, Miao Kexiu wrote to a friend, instructing him that after his death, the country had a good thing, and we must tell him, and if the country had suffering, it should also tell him.
Picture | Tombstone of the martyr Miao Kexiu
On July 25, 1935, Miao Kexiu was brutally killed by the enemy at the age of 29.
In 1957, the Fengcheng County People's Committee erected a monument to the heroes at the place where Miao Kexiu was sacrificed, which still stands majestically under the beautiful Phoenix Mountain for people to admire.
In 2000, a heroic martyrs' cemetery was built on a scenic mountain, and the walls of the cemetery were engraved with two suicide notes from the martyr Miao Kexiu, which people can read now, which is also awe-inspiring and breathless.