When it comes to China's "cultural relics province", everyone will think of Shaanxi for the first time. Shaanxi's construction team will find ancient tombs if they are not careful, and even primary school students in Shaanxi may casually pick up a national treasure-level cultural relics that are forbidden to leave the country, such as the Han Dynasty Empress Jade Seal.
When it comes to the jade seal, everyone may think that it is "the emperor's exclusive product", the emperor uses the seal, the minister uses the seal, and the literati use the seal. But the core figures of the imperial family who are related to the emperor can actually have a seal, and now there is the only Han Dynasty empress jade seal in the physical collection, which was found by a primary school student named Kong Zhongliang on his way home from school, but he thought it was a white stone.
Kong Zhongliang is a native of Hanjiawan, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, one day in September 1968, Kong Zhongliang, who was only 13 years old, was bouncing on the road carrying a school bag, kicking small stones to play, and suddenly, he found that there was a small stone by the canal that was particularly beautiful, white and crystalline, and glowing with lustrous luster under the light. Kong Zhongliang quickly put this small stone in his bag and prepared to take it home to play with.
But after Kong Zhongliang's father saw it, he intuitively felt that this thing was not simple. It is engraved with very simple and thick characters, which look like an ancient seal. His father told Kong Zhongliang that this small stone may be a cultural relic, and that the cultural relics collected should not be privately hidden, but should be handed over to the state. Therefore, Kong Zhongliang went to Xi'an with his father and found cultural relics experts for identification.
The cultural relics experts could not help but be surprised when they saw the child in front of them feel a seal and carefully examined it. The seal is made of the finest Hetian mutton fat white jade, square, jade hard and dense, the seal button is a high-relief creeping fierce tiger image, the seal engraved on it is "Queen's Seal", and according to Kong Zhongliang's account, the place where this seal was found is very close to Changling (the tomb of Liu Bang and Lü Hou of Han Gaozu).
Therefore, experts speculate that this should be the jade seal used by Lü Hou in the Han Dynasty. In addition, the "Han Guan Old Yi" records: "Empress Yuxi, Wen and Emperor Tong; Empress's Seal, Golden Ant Tiger Button." The appearance and age of the seal are in line with the Han Dynasty literature, and the experts shout excitedly that this is a priceless treasure! Although Kong Zhongliang's father did not know much about this, he knew that this thing was very precious, so he said that he would give it to the museum for preservation.
Kong Zhongliang left with his father, and he also remembered that his father did not ask for any return, but the museum staff felt that they were too careless to go, and chased them out and forced them to give them 20 yuan as a road fare. Later, this jade seal became the treasure of the Shaanxi History Museum, and many experts debated about it for many years.
Some people think that although the jade seal appeared near Changling, it may not be related to Lü Hou, it may be scattered by chance; most experts still adhere to the original view, after all, such a thing as the jade seal will generally be made at the beginning of the founding of the country, and then passed down from generation to generation, the historical Lü Hou, not only the first empress of China or the empress dowager who had real power in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, even in order to show her status, it is natural for her to make such a seal.
But for Kong Zhongliang, these things do not matter, he does not understand the knowledge of cultural relics, nor has he thought of getting rich by cultural relics, and has been living an ordinary life for many years. Unexpectedly, more than 40 years later, the staff of the museum came to the door again, invited Kong Zhongliang to attend the event, and said that they wanted to give him an award!
Originally, in 2012, the only Han cultural protection and development foundation in the country was established in Shaanxi Province, and the foundation wanted to hold a summary and commendation meeting to commend those advanced individuals who contributed to the protection of the site and the protection of cultural relics, so the museum staff heard the story of a primary school student handing over the treasure "Queen's Seal" and ran to the village to find Kong Zhongliang, who was 57 years old.
Kong Zhongliang was very excited, and in December of that year, he said happily at the commendation meeting: "I didn't expect that someone would think of me today!" Although my life is not very good, I have not regretted donating such a priceless treasure for free, and I will continue to contribute to the protection of national cultural relics. ”