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In February 2019, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China promulgated the "Technical Standards for the Operation, Maintenance and Safety of Urban Underground Comprehensive Pipe Corridors" (GB51354-2019), which formulated unified technical standards in order to standardize the operation and maintenance of urban underground comprehensive pipe corridors, and at the same time, the specifications require that the operation management units and the corridor pipeline units should be clearly distinguished, the interface is clear, the interaction is clear, and the communication is smooth.
At the same time, other provinces have introduced local operation and maintenance standards according to the "Urban Underground Comprehensive Pipe Corridor Operation, Maintenance and Safety Technical Standards".
Operational maintenance contains the work content
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Labor cost estimation
(1) Organization structure of operation and maintenance team
The comprehensive pipe corridor is equipped with fire fighting equipment and facilities, fans, pumps and other weak current auxiliary facilities, as well as substation boxes and other comprehensive auxiliary facilities, the good operation of these equipment and facilities should be regularly carried out safety inspection and maintenance work, so the operation and maintenance personnel of the comprehensive pipe corridor are mainly composed of project company management personnel and project operation personnel, and the personnel allocation and number of each functional team should be determined by the actual equipment scale of the pipe corridor, and the project team personnel should be equipped with a schematic diagram as follows:
Counting of the number of personnel
1. Monitoring center, fire monitoring, high-voltage substation duty (630KVA or more) According to the "Urban Comprehensive Pipe Corridor Operation and Maintenance Technical Regulations" operation and maintenance group standard requirements, the comprehensive pipe corridor monitoring center requires 24-hour personnel on duty, and each shift should be no less than 2 people. Therefore, the standard configuration of monitoring center, fire monitoring, high-voltage substation distribution duty should be 18 people, combined with the actual operation of the project, the above three duty stations can be planned and unified layout considerations as appropriate, and the number of personnel allocation can be increased or decreased as appropriate.
2. Comprehensive pipe corridor inspection and maintenance personnel measurement
Comprehensive pipe corridor inspection includes internal main structure inspection, inspection of various mouths outside the pipe corridor, and inspection of the safety control area, of which the frequency of inspection of the internal main structure should be no less than 1 time per week; the frequency of inspection of various mouths outside the pipe corridor should not be less than 1 time per day; the frequency of inspection in the safety control area should not be less than 1 time per day (consider the inspection of emergency operations, inspection operations in a group of 2 people).
Internal main structure inspection staffing coefficient: 365 days / 7 days× 8 hours / 2000 hours (2000 hours of statutory working hours in 2021) = 0.209;
The staffing coefficient of various types of mouth inspection outside the pipe corridor: 365 days× 8 hours / 2000 hours (2000 hours of statutory working hours in 2021) = 1.46;
For example: the length of an underground comprehensive pipe corridor is 25.5Km, 3 cabins are calculated, equivalent to a single cabin length of 25.5km×3 = 76.5km, the inspection inside the pipe corridor is inspected according to 7 hours per day, 1 hour to do pre-shift education, corridor preparation, safety protection, inspection summary, tool placement, office and document sorting, etc., the maximum number of inspection kilometers per group per day is 8km, check once a week; the inspection of various mouths outside the pipe corridor is also calculated according to 7 hours, and the maximum inspection kilometer per day of each group is 12km, and the inspection is once a day The number of required staffing personnel is as follows:
The number of inspection personnel in the internal main structure = 76.5km / 8km× 0.209 × 2 = 3.99 people = 4 people
The number of inspection personnel outside the pipe corridor = 25.5km / 12km× 1.46× 2 = 6.21 people = 7 people
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3. Measured by cleaning personnel
According to the "Urban Comprehensive Pipe Corridor Operation and Maintenance Technical Regulations" group standards, it is required to clean the pipe corridor once a quarter, so consider the monitoring center, the underground comprehensive pipe corridor needs cleaning personnel, the cleaning team is 2 people per group, cleaning 2km per day; monitoring center cleaning staff 2 people
For example, the length of an underground comprehensive pipe gallery is 25.5Km, and the length of a single cabin is 25.5km×3=76.5km, and the number of cleaning personnel required is:
76.5km/66 days (66 days per quarter statutory working day) = 1.16km/day, so 1 group of cleaning personnel can meet the requirements;
Equipped with 1 group of cleaning personnel can complete the cleaning task inside the pipe gallery, a total of 2 people in the underground comprehensive pipe gallery and 2 cleaning personnel in the monitoring center.
4. Comprehensive pipe gallery maintenance personnel measurement
The maintenance of the underground comprehensive pipe corridor includes: daily maintenance, equipment replacement, which requires a high technical content of technical level workers to guarantee, usually to intermediate workers and above personnel, the comprehensive pipe corridor in the various fan pump equipment and facilities are listed to do the total maintenance hours of the statistical year, the number of maintenance personnel is as follows:
(1) The number of maintenance personnel = the total maintenance man-hours / 2000 hours (the statutory working hours in 2021 are 2000 hours);
(2) Emergency maintenance personnel (24 hours) = 3 shifts× 2 people / shift = 6 people;
The number of maintenance personnel in the comprehensive pipe gallery = the number of maintenance personnel + the number of emergency maintenance personnel.
5. Administrative staff estimates
Due to the different lengths of each project, the underground comprehensive pipe corridor should be set up differently for each project according to local conditions, and the project manager, supervisor, material and other administrative management personnel are used as auxiliaries, but the specific number of personnel and positions are also different depending on the specific project. Usually, 1 project manager, 1 technical supervisor, and other management positions such as materials are set according to each project.
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Overall energy consumption measurement
The energy consumption inside the comprehensive pipe gallery is basically paid by the strategy of actual reimbursement, and only the energy consumption sources are summarized this time, which is roughly divided into the following items:
(1) Power lighting energy consumption
Power lighting system in accordance with the "Urban Comprehensive Pipe Corridor Operation and Maintenance Technical Regulations" stipulates that the average lighting brightness in the comprehensive pipe corridor is 15 lux, and the minimum is not less than 5 lux. The calculation should be measured in the range of 1 square meter with an even coverage of 1 luxus = 1 lumen (luminous flux), in order to simplify the calculation and consider the additional electricity load, the pipe gallery can be calculated according to the size section.
(2) Ventilation system energy consumption
Ventilation system energy consumption calculation according to the People's Republic of China "public building energy-saving design standards", "industrial building heating ventilation and air conditioning design code", "ventilation and air conditioning engineering construction quality acceptance specifications", does not consider the use of fan motor power calculation, specific accounting can be based on the annual consumption cost of each wind turbine to calculate the total price and according to the exhaust air volume of different fans in detail to calculate energy loss two ways.
(3) Pump energy consumption
The basis for measuring the energy consumption of the pump comes from the "Outdoor Water Supply Design Code", "Outdoor Drainage Design Code", "Urban Water Supply and Drainage Technical Code", "Pump Station Design Code" of the People's Republic of China, and can be calculated according to the input power, output power, rated speed, full head, rated head, rated flow and so on of different pump nameplates.
(4) Monitor the energy consumption of the center
The monitoring center belongs to the independent office system independent of the comprehensive pipe gallery, which mainly involves the energy consumption of equipment and facilities such as monitoring screens, lighting systems, servers, and precision air conditioners in the computer room.
Note: In the actual operation of the operation and maintenance of the pipe corridor, it is recommended to use the method of metering and metering for energy consumption such as water and electricity, and reimburse it for actual reimbursement.
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Consumables cost calculation
The daily consumables for the operation of the comprehensive pipe gallery include spare parts, emergency rescue materials, tools and tooling, etc., of which spare parts include all daily maintenance consumables, including maintenance consumables, lighting consumables, replacement spare parts, etc.
(1) Spare parts and daily maintenance consumables, labor protection consumables costs
The total amount of spare parts inventory and daily consumption, the amount of labor protection consumables is based on the actual operating average level of the same industry and related industries, which can be based on 1% to 2% of the hardware material cost of the auxiliary facilities of the comprehensive pipe corridor as the standard of the total inventory, and the safety inventory of a single spare part is formulated according to the type of equipment, and the specific refinement algorithm can estimate the amount of spare parts preparation according to the equipment failure rate after the actual operation of the pipe corridor.
(2) Necessary operation and maintenance tools
The labor protective equipment worn by the maintenance personnel of the comprehensive pipe corridor and the necessary labor tools carried by the maintenance personnel during the daily inspection and inspection operations are the necessary supplies given by the operation and maintenance enterprises.
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Special testing cost calculation
The special testing fee inside the comprehensive pipe gallery is often a cost that the operation and maintenance enterprises often ignore, especially the calibration cost of the instrumentation cannot be ignored, such as the electrochemical detection probe in the gas chamber, which usually needs to be calibrated and calibrated every year.
The purpose of effective detection of instrumentation:
First, it can ensure the accuracy of monitoring in the corridor;
Second, it can ensure the safety of corridor operators, which is one of the important costs that cannot be ignored by operating enterprises, which can be roughly divided into the following testing contents:
(1) Fire fighting electrical appliance testing costs;
(2) Electrical equipment testing costs;
(3) Lightning protection test fee;
(4) Special inspection fee for civil structure (the repair during the liability period for the main structure defect shall be borne by the construction party)
(5) Instrumentation calibration fee for monitoring sensors and equipment in the pipe gallery;
(6) Fire extinguisher testing costs.
(1) Fire fighting electrical appliance testing costs
The comprehensive pipe gallery fire electrical appliance testing cost is formulated according to the average market price, usually tested once a year, about 3 yuan per square meter.
(2) Electrical equipment testing costs
It mainly involves the detection and inspection of the main power supply equipment of the equipment distribution station and the machine room, and the frequency: 1 time / year.
(3) Lightning protection testing costs
The lightning protection detection of the pipe corridor and the monitoring center involves the detection of the pipe corridor machine room, the lightning protection net, the lightning arrester, and the road box change, which is detected once a year. In principle, each building detection point shall not be less than 2 points, and the testing agency shall be the Meteorological Bureau or the Mine Protection Center of each district.
(4) Special testing fee for civil structures
The main structure of the pipe corridor is detected, and the disease of the pipe corridor body in the first five years is more obvious, including deformation, cracks, settlement, leakage, etc., and it is necessary to conduct special testing on the pipe corridor, and use the section scanner, rangefinder, geological radar, and crack comprehensive monitor for special detection.
(5) Pipe gallery monitoring sensors and equipment with instrumentation calibration costs
According to the standards for the use of instruments and meters, probes and instrumentation and other testing devices need to be calibrated regularly, probe 1 time / year, instrumentation 1 time / year, staff high-voltage insulation gloves, high-voltage protective clothing, insulated shoes regular testing, 1 time / half a year. Because the failure rate of the probe reaches more than 70% every two years, the replacement cost is not included in the daily maintenance fee and is calculated in the medium overhaul.
(6) Fire extinguisher testing costs
According to the relevant provisions of the Fire Protection Law of the Ministry of Public Security, the fire extinguishing apparatus in the comprehensive pipe corridor shall be in accordance with the technical standards, according to the inspection frequency of 1 time / year, the unit price is based on the market price, the detectable types are portable and hanging, and the testing cost for one year is calculated according to the actual number of fire extinguishers.
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5. Case sharing
Municipal infrastructure project in the Asian Games Village Area - Pipe Corridor Operation and Maintenance Service Procurement Project Case
1. Project Overview
The construction of municipal infrastructure engineering projects in the Asian Games Village Area is carried out in phases I and PHASE II, which are completed before the Asian Games, and the main content is all the main road network in the area and the space tunnels and pipe corridor projects under the roads. The project includes a total of Guanlan Road, Pinglan Road, Benjing Avenue, Ring Road, Fengbei Road, Feihong Road, Minxiang Road and other roads, with a total length of about 16.48km (equivalent to 53.09Km of single cabin length).
The scope of operation and maintenance management services includes: the completion of the operation and maintenance management services of the municipal infrastructure projects in the Asian Games Village area, including the operation duty of the pipe corridor body, auxiliary facilities, control center, daily inspection, daily monitoring, access management, operation management, information management and facility maintenance, professional testing, daily maintenance, consumables (including daily inspection, safe delivery of the corridor pipeline, construction cooperation and management of the corridor pipeline), etc., to ensure the safe operation and normal operation of the main body of the pipe corridor It does not include the water and electricity costs incurred during the normal operation of the equipment during the operation and maintenance of the pipe corridor, which are measured by the meter and reimbursed for actual sales; the operation and maintenance management period is 5 years.
Second, the basis for calculation
1. Specification for The Valuation of bills of quantities for construction projects (GB50500-2013);
2. "Zhejiang Provincial Municipal Engineering Budget Quota (2018 Edition)";
3. "Zhejiang Province General Installation Project Budget Quota (2018 Edition)";
4. "Zhejiang Provincial Municipal Facilities Maintenance quota (2018 edition)";
5. Hangzhou Cost Information (No. 3, 2021), Zhejiang Cost Information (No. 3, 2021);
6. Notice on the Valuation of Construction Projects in Our Province After vat Adjustment based on the VAT Rate and Related Pricing Adjustment (Zhejiang JianjianFa [2019] No. 92).
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III. Explanation of Matters
1. The inspection and inspection outside the pipe corridor of the project are calculated according to the length of the comprehensive pipe corridor; the inspection and inspection in the pipe corridor are calculated according to the length of the single cabin of the pipe corridor; the cleaning of the roof of the pipe corridor, the cleaning of the side wall, and the cleaning of the ground are calculated according to the length of the single cabin of the pipe corridor;
2. The main structure maintenance of the pipe corridor is temporarily arranged according to 1% of the roof area of the pipe corridor; the maintenance of the side wall of the pipe corridor is temporarily arranged according to 5% of the area of the side wall of the pipe corridor; the ground maintenance of the pipe corridor is temporarily arranged according to 5% of the area of the bottom plate of the pipe corridor; and the deformation joint maintenance is temporarily arranged according to 10% of the total number of deformation joints of the pipe corridor.
4. Calculation results
After calculation, the cost of operation and maintenance of this project for 5 years is 46.6882 million yuan, the operation and maintenance cost of the pipe corridor per kilometer is 566,600 yuan / km× years, which is equivalent to 175,900 yuan / km of operation and maintenance cost of 175,900 yuan / km for × years;
With reference to the above-mentioned operation and maintenance cost analysis method of the pipe corridor, the operation and maintenance cost of the pipe corridor is 213,200 yuan / km× years;
There is not much difference between the two.
6. Concluding remarks
From the perspective of all parts of the country, the operation and maintenance cost standards of the comprehensive pipe gallery vary greatly, and the unit maintenance costs exist from more than 100,000 to hundreds of thousands, and it is necessary to refine and standardize the relevant maintenance content in order to further reach a consensus on the standard of maintenance costs. As an intensive municipal infrastructure, the comprehensive pipe corridor has a large investment in the early stage and many maintenance contents in the later stage, which has become the biggest obstacle restricting the development of the comprehensive pipe corridor, but the huge social benefits in the long term are a huge driving force to promote the construction of the pipe corridor, reduce the operation and maintenance costs, reduce the pressure of various pipeline units and local financial expenditures, and ensure that the comprehensive pipe corridor undertaking in the mainland can have a virtuous circle and sustainable development, which is the responsibility of each of us.
