memorabilia
1st century
9 years: Liu Bao, the emperor of the Western Han Dynasty of China, is deposed, his cousin Wang Mang ascends the throne as emperor, a new dynasty is established, and the Western Han Dynasty is destroyed.
10th century
947: Yelü Deguang marches into Kaifeng, and the Khitans fall after the Jin Dynasty.
14th century
1356: King of Bohemia, Charles IV of Luxembourg, promulgates the Golden Edict in Nuremberg.
18th century
1776: The American thinker Thomas Paine publishes Common Sense, which discusses his views on the full independence of the North American colonies.
19th century
1810: After 14 years of married life without children, Napoleon I decides to divorce his first wife, Josephine de Boarne.
1861: Florida announces its withdrawal from the United States.
1863: The world's first Underground line, the London Underground Metropolitan Line, opens between Paddington Station and Farrington Street Station.
1870: Rockefeller founds Standard Oil.
1871: The French Defence Government fights a decisive Battle of Le Mans with the Kingdom of Prussia in the Le Mans region of the Saaltes. After the defeat of the French army in the battle, all resistance activities in western France were ended.
20th century
1920: The League of Nations is founded.
1923: A coalition of 100,000 French and Belgians occupies the Ruhr area on the grounds that Germany could not meet its obligation of reparations under the Treaty of Versailles on time.
1927: The science fiction film Metropolis premieres in Berlin, Germany, and is the most expensive silent film in the world.
1928: Russian revolutionary Leon Trotsky is forced into exile.
1929: The Adventures of Tintin, a comic strip by the Belgian painter Hergé, is serialized for the first time in newspapers.
1938: Northwest Airlines Flight 2 crashes near Bozeman, Montana, killing all 10 people on board.
1946: The first session of the first session of the United Nations General Assembly is held in London, England, and is attended by representatives from the 51 founding Members of the United Nations.
1949: The Battle of Huaihai ends.
1949: Chiang Kai-shek orders the central bank to move cash to Taiwan.
1954: British Overseas Airlines Havilland Comet airliner, British Overseas Airlines Flight 781 from Singapore's Kallang Airport via Rome to London Heathrow Airport, exploded and crashed over the Mediterranean Sea after taking off from Rome, killing 35 people (29 passengers and 6 crew members) on board.
1964: The Panamanian government announces the suspension of diplomatic relations with the United States and demands that the United States return the management of the Panama Canal.
1966: India and Pakistan sign a peace agreement.
1977: Ocean Park Hong Kong officially opens, the largest marine theme park in the Far East at the time.
1994: An arson case at the Shek Kip Wai branch of HSBC in Hong Kong killed 12 people and only one survived.
1995: China's National Climate Center is established in Beijing.
1996: The IRA expresses its willingness to disarm.
2000: AOL and Time Warner Merge to form AOL-Time Warner Corporation.
21st century
2001: China's Shenzhou-2 unmanned spacecraft was successfully launched.
2002: The Court of Final Appeal of Hong Kong, China, renders a judgment in the case concerning the right of abode of Mainland residents.
2003: North Korea announces its withdrawal from the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons.
2005: The Central Election Commission of Ukraine announces that the opposition presidential candidate, Yushchenko, won the second round of re-voting in the presidential election and was elected the new president of Ukraine.
2013: More than a hundred people died in a series of bombings in Pakistan and another 270 injured.
born
1209– Möngke, Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, Emperor Xianzong of Yuan. (died 1259)
1538: Louis of Nassau, governor of the Duchy of Orange, France. (died 1574)
1573 – Simon Marius, German astronomer and physician. (died 1624)
1628: George Villiers, English politician and poet. (died 1687)
1644: Louis François, Commander and Field Marshal of the French King's Guard. (died 1744)
1712 - Ai Xin Jue Luo Yunhu, 22nd son of the Kangxi Emperor, Gong Belle (d. 1726)
1745: Tijin, Dutch surgeon, scholar, merchant, ambassador. (died 1812)
1769: Michel Ney, Marshal of France. (died 1813)
1797 Annette von Droster-Huishof, German writer and poet. (died 1848)
1810: Jeremiah S. Black is an American politician. (died 1883)
1834 John Dahlberg-Acton, British historian and liberal. (died 1902)
1835 : Fukuzawa Yukichi, Japanese thinker and educator of the Meiji period, first president of the Tokyo Bachelor's Association, founder of Keio University. (died 1901)
1869: Grigory Yefimovich Rasputin, Russian mystic. (died 1916)
1883 Alexei Tolstoy, Soviet writer. (died 1945)
1903: Barbara Hepworth, British sculptor. (died 1975)
1908: Bernard Lee, British film actor. (died 1981)
1913: Gustav Husak, Czechoslovak politician, former President of Czechoslovakia. (died 1991)
1913: Mohammed Shehu, second Prime Minister of Albania. (died 1981)
1914: Yu Guohua, politician of the Republic of China. (died 2000)
1916: Suehn Bergstrom, Swedish biochemist and former chairman of the Nobel Foundation, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1982. (died 2004)
1918: Chung Arthur, 1st President of Guyana. (died in 2008)
1924: Max Rowe, American jazz drummer and composer. (died 2007)
1925: Kwan Shik-kwong, founder of the Hang Seng Index in Hong Kong. (died in 2011)
1929: Wong Cho Yao, Singapore entrepreneur, Honorary Chairman of United Overseas Bank, Chairman of Pan Pacific Hotels Group, Haw Par Corporation, Chairman of the Board of Directors of Chung Cheng Secondary School in Singapore
1931: Nieaz, List of Menteris Besar of Kelantan, Malaysia. (died in 2015)
1934: Leonid Kravchuk, first President of Ukraine.
1936: Robert Wilson, American radio astronomer, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978.
1938: Gartner, American computer scientist, Winner of the Turing Award, known as the originator of modern computer science.
1944: Chu Yiu-ming, Pastor of Hong Kong
1945: Rod Stewart, Scottish rock singer.
1945: Gunther von Hagens, German anatomist and inventor of bioplastic preservation technology.
1947: Pell Steinbrück, Minister of Finance of Germany.
1949: George Foreman, American boxer.
1949: Linda Laphrey, American actress and spokesperson for the anti-pornography movement. (died in 2002)
1953: Pete Benata, American rock singer, four-time Grammy Award winner.
1957: Chan Fa-chi, Hong Kong footballer and coach.
1960 – Gully Chasha is an Indian-British film director and screenwriter.
1960: Brian Cowan, former Prime Minister of Ireland.
1963: Mark Plyre, former senator from Arkansas, USA.
1963: Yang Liyin, Taiwanese actress.
1971: Kim Hee-won, South Korean actor
1972 : Tatsuya Yamaguchi , Japanese actor, singer and former member of TOKYO.
1973 Glenn Robinson, American professional basketball player
1973: Akko, Japanese singer, member of My Little Lover.
1974: Litik Rosen, Indian actor in Bollywood.
1974: Yuka Yuzuki, Voice of a Japanese woman.
1974: Jemenay Clement, New Zealand actor and musician.
1976: Adam Kennedy, American baseball player.
1976: Ian Poulter, British professional golfer.
1976: Liu Mintao, Chinese actress.
1978: Kanako Sanba, Voice of a Japanese Woman.
1979: Francesca Biscini, Italian women's volleyball player.
1980: Nerson Cuevas, Paraguayan footballer
1980: Sarah Shahi, American actress, cheerleaders.
1981: Tam Kit Ming, Hong Kong entertainer.
1981: Zhu Weikui, Korean-American singer, member of Fly to the Sky.
1982: Misato Fukumoto, Japanese female voice actress.
1982: Mitsuhiro Ichirai, Japanese voice actor.
1983: Zhou Caishi, Taiwanese actor.
1983: Nina Li, Chinese freestyle skier.
1984: Marrouan Shamah, French Moroccan footballer
1984: Kaki Kochlin, Indian actress
1984: Lui Chi-hing: Hong Kong footballer.
1984: Han Joo-gwan, South Korean actor.
1985 – Tang Jianwen, Hong Kong footballer
1985: Ke Jiayi, Taiwanese actress.
1985 Abdelkadar Dhaka, Syrian professional footballer
1986: Silisa Stewas, American model.
1986: Chen Jin, Chinese male badminton player.
1987 Chiaki Ito, Japanese 艺to.
1987 Cesar Ciello, Brazilian swimmer
1989: Il-ji, captain of the Korean girl idol group OPTIMIZE.
1990: Tao Lee, Singaporean female swimmer.
1991: Chan, Hong Kong female windsurfer
1991: Biqi Guo, Hong Kong photographer and entrepreneur.
1992: Emmanuel Fripon, Ghanaian footballer
1993: Yu Xiang, Chinese male singer
1995: Kenta Takada, member of the Korean boy idol group JBJ.
1996: Sakurako Ohara, Japanese actress and singer
1998: Yuan Yuzhen, member of the Chinese girl idol group SNH48
1999: Lee Jin-sook, member of the Korean girl idol group Cosmic Girls
2000: Sun Dong-myung, member of the Korean boy band ONEWE
2000: Sun Dong-joo, member of the Korean boy idol group ONEUS
die
976: John I, Emperor of the Byzantine Empire. (925 births)
1276: Gregory X, Pope. (born circa 1210)
1294: Laban Saoma, Chinese jingjiao priest, traveler. (born circa 1225)
1775: Yemiryan Pugachev, leader of the Russian peasant revolt. (born circa 1740 or 1742)
1778: Karl Linnaeus, Swedish biologist. (born 1707)
1833 Adrian-Marie Lejender, French mathematician. (1752 births)
1904: Jean-Rio Jerome, French painter. (born 1824)
1914: Xia Ruifang, one of the founders of the Commercial Press of China. (born 1871)
1917– Buffalo Beale, American soldier and circus performer. (born 1846)
1922: Shigenobu Okuma, Japanese politician who served as Prime Minister of Japan. (born 1838)
1951: Sinclair Lewis, American writer, winner of the 1930 Nobel Prize in Literature. (born 1885)
1957: Gabriela Mistral, Chilean writer, winner of the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature. (born 1889)
1961: Darch Hammitt, American writer. (born 1894)
1971: Coco Chanel, French costume designer. (born 1883)
1986: Jarosruff Seiffert, Czech writer, winner of the 1984 Nobel Prize in Literature. (born 1901)
1997: Alexander M. R. Todd, British chemist, winner of the 1957 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, (born 1907)
2002: Zhong Jingwen, Chinese folklorist. (born 1903)
2007: Cao Dahua, Hong Kong film director and actor. (born 1916)
2008: Zhang Lichang, Chinese government official, member of the 16th Politburo of the Communist Party of China. (born 1939)
2014: Huang Junying, Taiwanese politician, veteran member of the Chinese Kuomintang, and member of the examination committee of the 11th Examination Institute of the Republic of China. (born 1941)
2015: Sima Yan, Hong Kong actress. (born 1963)
2016: David Paul, British singer. (born 1947)
2020: Qaboos bin Said Al Sayyed, Sultan of Oman (born 1940)