Textbook vocabulary should be memorized
I. Read the words – I will recognize
1． Sheer adj. Pure, complete
2． psychologist n． psychologist
3． bandage n． bandage
4． cotton n． Cotton, cotton yarn
5． stretch v． Stretch, stretch
6． league n． Rig (old-time unit of length, equivalent to 3 miles or 3 nautical miles)
7． helmet n． Helmets, steel helmets
8． ray n． Light, beam
9． intensity n． Intensity (light, sound, etc.).
II. Key Words – I can write
1． Thus, thus
2． zone n． Region, strip
3． oxygen n． oxygen
4． border n． Borders, borders
5． confirm v． Confirm, prove
6． attempt n． Try hard, try
7． port n． Port, port
8． alcohol n． alcohol
9． rubber n． Rubber, synthetic rubber
10． guideline n． Guidelines, guiding principles
11．cloth n．布
12． liquid n． Liquids, liquid substances
13． servant n． Servant, servant
14． charge n． Supervisor, responsible
15． captain n． captain
16． ahead adv. in front
17． chapter n． chapter
18． nut n． Nuts (kernels)
19． distinguish v． See clearly; recognize
20． shore n． Shore, coast
21． carpet n． rug
22． Broad adj. Wide, wide
23． Beneath prep. Underneath, in... Just below
24． resident n． Residents, residents
25． male n． Male animals
III. Expand words – I will change
1． Initial adj→
2． crowd n． Crowds → crowded adj
3． failure n． Failed → foil v. fail
4． thrill n． Thrilling, thrilling v. Make the excitement → thrilled adj. Very excited →thrilling adj
5． Unaware adj. unaware, unaware→ aware adj. aware; understood
6． wool n． Wool, wool fabric→ woolen (=woollen) adj. wool
7． bleeding n． Bleeding, blood loss→bleed v. Bleeding → bled n. blood
8． injury n． Injuries; injuries →injure vt. injuries→injured adj. injuries
9． permit v． Allow, approve, license→ permission n. Allow, allow yes
10． Fascinated, captivated→fascinate v. Deeply engaged; captivated
11． relate v． Related, related; narrated → related to related adj
12． astonish v． Surprised→ astonished adj.Surprised → astonishing adj.Surprising → astonishment n. Surprise, surprise
13． consume v． Consumption →consumption n. Consumption; consumption
14． Gradually, gradually, gradually → the grainual adj. gradually
15． surround v． Surrounded, surrounded by → surrounding adj
16． Wrinkled adj. wrinkled → wrinkle n. Wrinkles v. Wrinkles
17． depth n． Deep, deep→ deep adj. Deep adv
IV. Core phrases
1． bring... Into focus makes... Get in the spotlight
2．in search of寻找
3． by the end of to... End
4． focus on focusing on this...
5． figure out to figure out; calculate
6． result in cause
7． refer to... as... handful...... Called......
8．take risks/a risk冒险
9． up to by... decision
10． along with and... together
11． In charge supervisor; in charge
12． look back upon review
13． in broad daylight in broad daylight
High-frequency vocabulary to help
1． cushion n． Cushion vt. cushioning
2． customs n． Customs; customs duties
3． database n． Repositories, databases
4． deadline n． Deadlines, deadlines
5． decade n． decade
6． Decline vt.& vi. Decline; Decline; Weaken
7． Decrease vi. Decrease
8． dictation n． dictation
9． deliberately adv. deliberately
Classic sentences need to be understood
1．Vasco da Gama(1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
Vasco da Gama (1460-1524) was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach India by sea.
2．Once the wound is cleaned and dry，cover it with a bandage.
Once the wound is cleaned and dried, wrap it in a bandage.
3．Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind.
Captain Nemo walked in front, with one of his men following a few steps behind.
4．Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
Above me was the calm sea.
I. Reading words (1 point per sub-question, 9 points in total)
1．sheer adj.
2．psychologist n．
3.bandage n.
4．cotton n．
5．stretch v．
6． league n． (Old-time units of length, equivalent to 3 miles or 3 nautical miles)
7．helmet n．
8．ray n．
9．intensity n．
II.. Key Words (2 points per sub-question, 20 points in total)
1． adv. Therefore, thus
2． v． Confirm, prove
3． n． Try hard, try
4． n． Supervisor, responsible
5． adv. in front
6． v． See clearly; recognize
7． n． Shore, coast
8． n． rug
9． Adj. wide, wide
10． Prep. Underneath, in... Just below
III. Expand words (1 point per empty, 20 points in total)
1． n． The crowd → adj
2． n． Failure → v. fail
3． n． Wool, wool fabric → adj. wool
4． n． Bleeding, blood loss→ v. Bleeding → n. blood
5． n． Injuries, damage→ v. harm
6． v． Allow, approve, license→ n. Allowed, licensed
7． v． Surprised, surprised → adj. surprised → adj. surprising
8． v． Wrap around, around → adj
9． n． Deep, deep→ adj. deep adv. in the depths; deep to the deep
IV.. High-frequency vocabulary (1 point per sub-question, 5 points in total)
1．deadline n．
2．decade n．
3．decline vt.& vi.
4．decrease vi.
5．deliberately adv.
V.. Core phrases (1 point per sub-question, 6 points in total)
1． envoy...... Get in the spotlight
2． result in
3． handful...... Called......
4． venture
5． Supervisor, in charge
6． In broad daylight
I.. Word spelling (write words according to Chinese prompts or initial prompts) (2 points per sub-question, 20 points in total)
1．Mary enjoyed feeling the warm sand (在…… 之下) her feet.
2．Only when you walk out of your comfort can you succeed.
3．The exercises are designed to (拉伸) and tone your leg muscles.
4．Seeing his good friends，he greeted them with a wave and a smile.
5．It is our (最初的) plan to set up an organization to help the disabled.
6．Before he died，he had a large quantity of alcohol.
7．In the (拥挤的) city，my father prefers walking to taking a bus.
8．I need to hire a new (仆人)，because the last one was not good enough.
9．As far as I am concerned，it is hard to judge the (界限) between love and friendship.
10．The foreigner made an to make himself understood by the local people，but failed.
II. Fill in the blanks in flexion (fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of the word given in parentheses) (2 points per sub-question, for a total of 12 points)
1．Stop doing it，or you’ll do yourself an (injure)．
2．Determining where we are in relation to our (surround) remains an essential skill for our survival.
3．I felt greatly (thrill) when I met my favorite author in person.
4．I strongly believe you can deal with the (relate) between study and relaxation.
5．I had (initial) hoped that I could become a writer writing science fictions.
6．To our (astonish)，he didn’t work harder to overcome his shortcomings.
III.. Imitation of classic sentences (2 points per sub-question, a total of 8 points)
1． China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. (the+ ordinal word +to do) (2020·National I.)
China has become a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.
2． Once you give up on him, he has no chance of success. (once)
，there is no chance for him to succeed.
3． The professor was sitting there, and some students were surrounding him. (Independent nominative structure)
The professor is sitting there，.
4． In front of me stood a wolf, staring at me. (Fully inverted)
staring at me.
I. Text grammar fill in the blanks Review the Understanding Ideas section of this unit
Last year，hundreds of people spent good money 1. an experience that they knew would include crowds，discomfort and danger. Despite all the difficulties，by the end of the trip many were already planning 2. (return)．For these people，climbing Qomolangma is an experience to make them 3. (power)．British mountain climber George Mallory thought that people shouldn’t live to eat or make money,4. live to enjoy life and that’s what life meant.5. (sad)，he died on the mountain in 1924 and his body 6. (find) many years later. In 2011，words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette,7. climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. He said，“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You 8. (real) have to focus on the one reason that is most important and unique to you.” Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature，with some of us more likely 9. (take) risks than others. Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can 10. (connect) to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
II. Fill in the Blanks in the Text Selection Review the Development Ideas section of this unit
It is difficult for me to 1. the impression left upon me by walking under the sea. Captain Nemo walked in front，with a sailor 2. him. Conseil and I remained together,3. it had been possible to 4. words through metal cases. It was amazing that I 5. felt the weight. I was astonished by the powerful light because it not only shone through the 6. mass easily but also made objects 7. distinguished. Truly this clear water surrounding me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere. I nearly couldn’t believe I was at the depth of thirty feet under the sea.
Tip: Add shaded vocabulary to the stem as the vocabulary of this unit.
attempt n.& v. attempt; try; try; try; try
Practice the basics first
- Single-sentence grammar fill-in-the-blank
(1) Some time after 10,000 BC，people made the first real attempt (control) the world they lived in，through agriculture. (2020·浙江)
(2) Police say they’re treating it as a case of (attempt) murder.
(3) It was thrilling that I passed my driving test the first attempt.
| •attempt to do... Try/try to do... •make an attempt to do/at doing... 尝试做…… Trying to do something At the first attempt for the first time • Attempted adj |
Mention the ability again
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(4) They attempted to swim across the river.
→They across the river.
(5) If your first attempt fails, there is no need to worry.
，there is no need to care about that.
charge v． Charges; charges; charging
n． Costs; accusations; supervisors, in charge; charging capacity
(1) How much did he charge you repairing this pair of shoes?
(2) It’s hard to make a decision on who would be the proper person charge of the zone.
(3) You can play football in the stadium free charge if you are a member.
| •charge sb.with (doing) sth.=accuse sb.of (doing) sth. crime charge sb.money for sth •free of charge＝for free免费 •in charge of (table status) in the charge of being... In charge; by... charge Take charge of management (table action) |
(4) If I were in charge of a school I would also be very strict with the students who don’t behave well.
→If a school were I would also be very strict with the students who don’t behave well.
(5) Over the course of two weeks, we held a series of activities about study and sports, some of which were taken care of by English students.
During the period of two weeks，we held a series of activities on study and sports，.
permit v． Allow; license; grant
n． Passes; permits; licenses
(1) I was permitted (talk) to the prisoner and the guards permitted me (bring) my camera and tape recorder.
(2) People need (permit) to be funny in social settings because there’s always a risk that comes with humor. (2020·江苏)
(3) It is confirmed that the rules of the school don’t permit (park) near the school gate.
| Permit sb.to do sth Permit doing sth. Allows to do something •permission n． [U] Allow;License Without permission ask for permission to apply for permission • A driving permit driver's license |
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(4) If time permits，I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend. (用独立主格结构改写)
，I will accompany my parents to call on you this weekend.
(5) You must get a permit if you want to keep a gun.
A． License B. Allow C. indulge
result in cause; cause
(1) Positive thinking and action result success. (2019·北京)
(2) I had a headache，so as result I called him and asked for sick leave.
(3) Jenny nearly missed the flight as a result drinking so much alcohol last night.
| • result from by... arouse •as a result of; as... Results as a result结果 Without result is fruitless |
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(4) He didn’t work hard enough；as a result，he failed.
① his not working hard enough，he failed.
②His not working hard enough his failure.
③His failure his not working hard enough.
Stand for; support, advocate; tolerate
(1) The old man came up，asking the police in charge what these big letters stood .
(2) Her red hat makes her stand in a crowd，so you will recognize her immediately.
(3) Too often，when you stand to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”．(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)
| Stand by standing by; support, help Stand out conspicuous, prominent, eye-catching Stand up and stand up Stand up to withstand; resist |
- Perfect writing, completing sentences, memorizing
(4) When our friends are in trouble, we can't stand by and watch.
and watch while our friends are in trouble.
Infinitives are post-setters
Vasco da Gama(1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and .
(1) He is always the first (bear) hardships and the last (enjoy) comfort.
(2) I consider him to be the best man (do) the job because he is very distinguished.
| The first in the sentence... to do... A postposition for the infinitive, meaning "the first to do... of people". There are several cases in which the infinitive is used as a post-setting: • Ordinal words, superlatives, and the only, the last, the right, etc., or nouns modified by these words are often used as determinants of infinitives. • Abstract nouns (为之sion, ability, determination, opportunity, chance, way, ambition, and time, place are commonly used as determinants after infinitives. Note: If the verb in the infinitive is an intransitive verb, it must be followed by the necessary preposition. |
(3) I am looking forward to an opportunity to explore society and gain real-life experience. (Application Letter of Application)
I am looking forward to having an opportunity for real-life experience.
(4) She has been looking for a house to live in since she moved to Beijing.
She has been looking for a house since she moved to Beijing.
Tip: The shaded vocabulary in the stem is the vocabulary of the upper unit.
I. Polysemy of the word - clearing up dyslexia
put up
1．As we all know，we put up an umbrella when it rains and fold it when it is fine.
2．Arriving at school，I greeted one teacher who was putting up a notice on the board.
3．A lot of high-rise buildings have been put up recently in the small county.
4．I went to the city，hoping my friend could put me up for a few days.
II. Reinforcement of core knowledge - consolidation of language knowledge
1．The man charge of the company is from a faraway village.
2．As a child，he (surround) by love and kindness.
3．If warned ahead time，I would not sponsor him，who was dishonest.
4．When I turned ，I saw my classmate standing behind me with a cigarette.
5．Unaware what’s happening around them，the old man didn’t know what to say.
6．It is believed that his new book vividly refers a variety of subjects about nature.
7．He has distinguished (he) as an athlete in the world.
8．With his attention (focus) on his homework，he forgot all about what I had told him.
9．Could you tell me what the letters stand in the popular TV play which is being broadcast？
10．The girl’s father didn’t permit her (take) part in the activities in the neighbourhood.
III. Writing Enhancement Exercises - Improve pragmatic skills
1． He was the first Chinese citizen to receive this award. (the first... to do) (2018· National III.)
2． Not many people can answer this question on the first try. (at the first attempt)
3． Once you've paid the money to this agency, don't expect a refund. (once)
4． She is proud of her son, who already runs a big company. (charge)
5． If given more time, we would have done better. (Independent nominative structure)
Please complete the following essay by selecting the words learned in this unit from the table, then check the answers and memorize the essay. (Sentences with wavy lines in the text are the grammar items of this unit: past and future tenses)
The captain looked charming and was distinguished，who was 1. the whole submarine. He often got up 2. time，and no one could go out of it without his permission. To my astonishment，the submarine was often surrounded by 3. of fish. We usually dived to the depths，where the scenery was quite pretty. Sometimes，we were so thrilled that 4. ，which might bring us some 5..Thus，we attempted to do something special to bring ourselves into focus. However， because .
Practice the basics
1．I decided I (find) out what it was that prevented my improvement.
2．I told them I (give) up but they encouraged me to keep up.
3．A few people hesitated to start，who waited to see if the others (do)．
| The trick is one-point 1． Past future tense represents an action or state of existence that will occur from a certain time in the past. Commonly used in object clauses and indirect quotations. 2． Past future tenses are generally represented by "would + verb prototype"; the structure of was/were going to do indicate past preparation, planning to do something, or from the past, something is going to happen; go, come, leave, take off and other few verbs (phrases) can be used to represent the past will happen. |
Raise capacity
- Micro-writing
Write a paragraph in English according to the Chinese prompts and use the above grammar
Yesterday, my brother Tom told me that the new semester will start the next day and that he will study harder and get better grades. I was delighted to hear what he said and said, "Come on, I'm sure you'll keep your word and make more progress." This time tomorrow, you will begin to learn in your beautiful classroom. ”