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Rub a new hot spot today! Talking about the historical origins of Ukraine and Russia, I am personally quite interested in history, and it is also important to learn a language and understand culture. The story is long, and I would like to start with the Kievan Rus (882-1240) founded by their ancestors, the Rus.
Before the Principality of Kievan Rus'
Prior to the emergence of Kievan Rus' in the 9th century AD, the lands between the Baltic Sea（波罗的海）and Black Sea were primarily populated by eastern Slavic tribes（东斯拉夫部落）.
According to the Primary Chronicle（初期编年史、往年纪事）, the territories of the East Slavs in the 9th century were divided between the Varangians （瓦良格人/瓦兰吉亚人）and the Khazars（可萨人，应该是突厥人）. The Varangians are first mentioned imposing tribute from Slavic and Finnic tribes （芬兰部落） in 859. In 862, the Finnic and Slavic tribes in the area of Novgorod（诺夫哥德地区） rebelled against （起义反抗）the Varangians, driving them "back beyond the sea and, refusing them further tribute（进贡）, set out to govern themselves（着手自治）." The tribes had no laws, however, and soon began to make war with one another, prompting them to invite the Varangians back to rule them and bring peace to the region.
The three brothers—Rurik（留里克）, Sineus（西纽斯）, and Truvor特鲁弗—established themselves in Novgorod, Beloozero, and Izborsk（诺夫哥罗德、贝卢泽罗和伊兹博尔斯克）,respectively. Two of the brothers died, and Rurik became the sole ruler of the territory and progenitor（祖先、创始人） of the Rurik Dynasty（留里克王朝）. A short time later, two of Rurik's men（两个手下）, Askold and Dir, On their way south, they discovered "a small city on a hill," Kiev, captured it and the surrounding country from the Khazars, populated the region with more Varangians.（本文节选维基百科）
This passage means that the Varyags were driven away after invading East Slavs for a period of time, and the serfs who turned their masters were constantly at war, and could only invite the Varyag masters back and continue to enjoy the peace under slavery. Two of the invited "three brothers" died, and the last one, Rurik, became the ultimate king, the first dynasty of Russia, the Rurik dynasty. Later, two of his men discovered a mountain castle called "Kiev", which was the predecessor of the future Principality of Kiev.
Drive back: Drive back, forced to retreat
On the drive back to Great Baddow, father and I discussed the meeting excitedly
2、 Feeble German forces on the far shore were quickly driven back.
The weak Germans on the other side were quickly repulsed.
【Cultural Tips】
1. In the text: Rus ' = Norse = Varyag , is the name given to the same group of people in different regions , and is a descendant of the Vikings.
2. Primary Chronicle: Early Chronicles, Past Events. My understanding is that the Russian version is five thousand years old
3, do you feel particularly familiar with the "Varyag", yes, yes, it is the predecessor of the first aircraft carrier on the mainland ,Liaoning, which shows the recognition of the Varyag people by the former Soviet Union.