The new rural cooperative is the medical insurance of rural areas in the past few years, and the full name is the new rural cooperative medical care. The new rural cooperative medical care is organized, guided and supported by the government, voluntarily participated by farmers, raised by individuals, collectives and the government, and the farmers' medical mutual assistance and mutual assistance system based on the overall planning of major diseases, which belongs to the category of medical insurance in nature.
The new agricultural cooperatives in the mainland originated in 2003 and basically covered the vast majority of rural residents by 2010, and the insured groups were mainly farmers with rural household registration. The early new agricultural cooperatives did not belong to the management of the social security department at that time, nor to the management of the current medical insurance department, although it belonged to the nature of medical insurance, but it did not fully belong to the social security or medical insurance system in the current sense.
At the beginning of the implementation of the new cooperative medical care, due to the irregular system construction, imperfection, and no systematic system to support, there is no uniform payment standard in various places, the payment time is not uniform, the charging personnel are not uniform, whether the charge is not uniform, whether the contract is signed when charging is not uniform, the reimbursement threshold is not uniform, the maximum reimbursement limit is not unified, the reimbursement ratio is not uniform, and the reimbursement project is not uniform.
In order to establish a unified urban and rural basic medical insurance system, under the circumstance that the basic medical insurance system for urban workers is relatively sound, in accordance with the principle of multi-level, wide coverage, basic and sustainable medical insurance, it is necessary to establish a social medical insurance with wider coverage and greater room for choice for the masses in addition to the basic medical insurance for urban workers.
In January 2016, on the basis of carefully summarizing the experience of the new rural cooperative system, it was decided to integrate the basic medical insurance for urban residents in urban areas and the new rural cooperative medical care in rural areas into a unified basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents. After the integration, the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents has been included in the scope of the social security system, and the nature of mutual assistance and mutual assistance and mutual assistance for farmers has risen to the nature of social medical insurance, and it is uniformly managed by social insurance institutions at all levels.
After the establishment of a unified basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, the insured objects have expanded from the rural peasants in the past to all urban and rural residents, and the overall planning level has been transitioned from the past county-level overall planning to the prefectural and municipal administrative units; within the scope of the same overall planning area, the individual payment standards, the national subsidy standards, the minimum payment standards, the reimbursement ratio, the maximum reimbursement limit, the settlement methods, and the medical insurance catalogue have been unified. The medical insurance for urban and rural residents at this time belongs to the category of social insurance.
In the stage where pension insurance and medical insurance are managed by social security institutions, all social insurance belongs to the category of social security, including medical insurance, which is also a specific insurance content in the big family of the social security system. The health insurance systems in the various places we use now are issued by the local social security departments. However, the new agricultural cooperatives before the merger of urban and rural residents' medical insurance were managed by health administrative departments at all levels.
In 2018, the National Medical Insurance Bureau was officially listed, marking that the mainland medical security management system has entered a reform stage. The basic medical insurance for urban workers managed by the human resources and social security department, the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, the maternity insurance, the new rural cooperative medical care managed by the Health and Family Planning Commission, the price of drugs and medical services managed by the National Development and Reform Commission, and the medical assistance responsibilities managed by the civil affairs department will be unified into the newly established medical security department.
After the establishment of medical insurance departments at all levels, the social security department is responsible for the management of the basic old-age insurance for urban workers, the basic old-age insurance for urban and rural residents, unemployment insurance, and work injury insurance, which is also known as the three social insurances; the medical insurance department is responsible for the management of the basic medical insurance for urban workers, the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents, and the maternity insurance.
In summary, because the new rural cooperative did not belong to social security or medical insurance at the beginning, but belonged to the medical security system in the form of mutual assistance and mutual assistance in rural areas managed by the health administrative department; after integration into the basic medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, it belongs to the scope of social security in the management stage of the social security department, and the stage under the management of the medical insurance department belongs to the scope of medical insurance.