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Ruan Yicheng wrote in "Three Sentences Do Not Leave Ben Hang", "After the victory of the War of Resistance, I sailed down from Tonglu on a civilian boat and saw the top of Liuhe Pagoda in the distance, that is, I knew that Hangzhou was close at present. Eight years after returning, the first to catch the eye is this tower. The boat went down again, and after several folds, fang saw the Qianjiang Bridge lying on the horizontal river. Those in the same boat are all rejoicing, clapping their hands and shouting, which is the most unforgettable person in life. ”
Buildings and landmarks have never been cold ground structures, carrying the admiration and longing for a city behind them, and are the unforgettable anchor points in the flowing waters of people's lives. On October 11, the "City Secrets" and hangzhou "New Top Ten" selection activities sponsored by the Hangzhou Culture, Radio, Film and Tourism Bureau were launched, which immediately ignited the enthusiasm of new and old Hangzhou people. For a time, Hangzhou's top ten representative historical and cultural buildings and ten new cultural landmarks quickly became a hot topic of discussion among netizens.
▲After 7 days of voting, the event has a total of nearly 80w+ views and 35w+ likes.
Netizen @ Zhou Jinhong put forward his own suggestions: "Since 2016, the China Cultural Relics Association and the Architectural Society of China have jointly released the list of 'China's 20th Century Architectural Heritage', and so far a total of three batches have been announced, and 5 buildings in Hangzhou have been selected. Except for Xiling Printing Agency, none of them have been selected for the shortlist for this selection, and the other 4 are listed and sincerely recommended: 1. Shen Liyuan Design: Zhejiang Industrial Bank Headquarters (now Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Hangzhou Branch Business Department, No. 261 Zhongshan Middle Road); 2, Morrison Wilson J. Morrison Wilson and other designs: Zhijiang University (now Zhejiang University Zhijiang Campus, No. 51 Zhijiang Road); 3, Dai Nianci Design: West Lake State Guesthouse (No. 18 Yanggong causeway); 4, Cheng Taining Design: Hangzhou Huanglong Hotel (No. 120 Shuguang Road). ”
▲The former site of the headquarters of Zhejiang Industrial Bank Photo @ Zhu Pagechuan
"After living in Yan'an Road for more than ten years, I never knew that there was a Longxing Temple scripture hidden in the city in Wick Lane. Tourists weave in all seasons and rush to the Lingyin Temple, but the only Tang Dynasty building in Hangzhou is rarely visited. Netizens @ sugar sugar do not eat sugar sigh. Netizen @ Ba Jun saw the selection of the new top ten, specially went to the Confucius Temple (Hangzhou Forest of Steles), sent a punch card map " Until today I found that There is such a good place in Hangzhou, I was also drunk, and I called a local in vain. ”
Netizen @ Qian Xiyuan praised the candidates in the Dongxin and Chuangyuan: "Visiting and Chuangyuan ten times can not visit the Impression City once, the Impression City commercial complex is boring, and noisy, and the Chuangyuan can be much more comfortable to hang out, the low house + old tree + there are a number of interesting people, once went to Beijing on a business trip also wanted to find such a place to visit, but no, so this is one of the places that attract me in Hangzhou, it is worth recommending as a new landmark of Hangzhou culture." ”
Netizen @ Li Dabao feels that the Three Pools Moon Printing is not only a historical building, but also a landmark in Hangzhou. "In the 70s, the West Lake froze, and I rode my bicycle along the lake all the way to the Three Pools of the Moon, and I almost couldn't stop the car and fell into a mouth to chew mud. Later, one year, I saw the news that the cruise ship crashed into a pool, and I was secretly happy in my heart, and there were only two pools in the future, so I was also a Hangzhou person who had touched three pools. ”
▲From my heart to the pavilion to the three pools of the moon photography @ Qingke
Netizen @ Fangfei strongly recommends the new Zhijiang University complex, "Whether in history, architecture, planning scale, natural environment, cultural connotation and other aspects have its unique and profound heritage, its comprehensive quality height is among the best, how can you leave a pearl?!" ”
I am glad that this selection has brought many buildings that are unfamiliar to Hangzhou locals into the eyes of the public. Hangzhou's urban secrets are far richer than we are familiar with.
▲Xiling Printing Society Photography @hexiang
The lives of countless new and old Hangzhou people trickle into a river, forming the city's historical heritage and cultural trends. In 7 days, the event attracted 80w+ views and 35w+ votes. Everyone who lives here is closely related to the city and loves to give Hangzhou a fresh temperature. With the joint participation of experts and citizens, the final list of the new top ten selections of "The Most Jiangnan And Hangzhou Flavor" was released. Our Hangzhou will eventually grow freely as we imagined.
The Lingyin Temple of the people of the whole country, not surprisingly, was elected by a high vote. However, in the candidate list stage of the expert group seminar, the Lingyin Temple was almost eliminated.
On the contrary, in this mass voting session, the "least well-known" Longxing Temple scripture building was almost unanimously agreed by almost all the staff at the expert seminar and should be included in the list.
▲ Lingyin in the snow Photography @ Xu Zhiwei
At first glance, the Longxing Temple scripture building is not remarkable, and hangzhou people rarely know that the pavilion on the side of the road in the downtown area hides the oldest ground structure in Hangzhou, which is the only Tang Dynasty building in Hangzhou.
"Despite its reputation, in terms of the historical and cultural value of the building, the Lingyin Temple, which has been rebuilt several times, is no higher than the other buildings on the list." Zheng Jiali, deputy director of the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, was blunt.
Longxing Temple and Lingyin Temple, with the advantages of different dimensions, entered the list, which precisely reflects the difference and directionality of the "Top Ten Representative Historical and Cultural Buildings in Hangzhou" and the previous historical building category.
▲ Nearby residents turned the prayer outside the Longxing Temple Scripture Building Photo @ Zhu Pagechuan
In fact, before the review seminar began, the list of key cultural security units in Hangzhou was collected, and the heavyweight historical buildings among them were well known to experts.
"The academic value of the vast majority of historic buildings has been established. If we take the criteria for selecting cultural relics protection units, we may focus heavily on historical periods such as the Tang, Song, and Yuan dynasties, and many of the buildings on the list today may not be included. However, another core keyword of this selection is 'representative', so we have comprehensively considered culture, tourism, region, age and architectural type to find the historical buildings that can best express the characteristics of Hangzhou. ”
Zheng Jiali clearly summarized 4 selection principles for us:
First, pay attention to culture, supplemented by tourism.
Second, focus on architecture, supplemented by regional balance.
Third, pay attention to the balance of the years.
Fourth, pay attention to the balance of building types.
The value of architecture in the historical and cultural development of Hangzhou is the primary consideration, while considering the publicity and accessibility of architecture as an urban space. While paying attention to academic value, it is based on diversified cultural information expression and emphasizes the integration of culture and tourism. Many well-known historical buildings, such as Industrial Bank and Zhijiang University, have also been among the candidates, but due to the special period of the epidemic and their own territorial management, these buildings are difficult to open to the public, so the fit with this selection is not high, and they are ranked in the lower position and fail to be listed.
▲ Hu Qingyutang Photography @ Ziyi
From the Longxing Temple in the Tang Dynasty, the Yue Temple and Confucius Temple in the Song Dynasty, to the Fengshan Water Gate in the Yuan Dynasty, the Gongchen Bridge in the Ming Dynasty, the Xiling Printing Society and Hu Xueyan's Former Residence in the Qing Dynasty, the Qianjiang Bridge in the Republic of China Period, and the Zhejiang Exhibition Hall after the founding of New China, each building is the imprint of Hangzhou's history in different eras, reflecting the trajectory of the city's changes. This is also why the Zhejiang Exhibition Hall, although still controversial in aesthetics, is still included in the shortlist as a collective memory and era imprint of Hangzhou people. Unfortunately, the buildings before the Tang Dynasty have been difficult to find.
Not only old houses, the list covers towers, bridges, city gates, prayer buildings, temples, houses, gardens and other ground structures in different forms. Behind each building has its own unique local cultural significance, the Grand Canal water network symbolized by the Gongchen Bridge, the modern prologue opened by the Qiantang River Bridge, are the development context of ancient and modern Hangzhou, and the Three Pools Of The Moon, which often appears as the image of the city, is more known as the "Divine Stroke" in this list.
▲ In the 1970s, vs. the current Zhejiang Exhibition Hall Courtesy photo @ Zhang Shengxian, Ziyi
"Unfortunately, we can't pick out any of the houses in the streets and alleys." Zheng Jiali was not without emotion when reviewing the selection activity, "Although the list includes the former residence of Hu Xueyan, the buildings that best reflect the lives of ordinary people in Hangzhou are missing. ”
Of course, there are only 10 locations, but there are many more representative buildings that have been elected. Only in the preliminary selection stage of experts, the dispute between Xiling and Wenlan Pavilion on the lonely mountain, the Zhijiang University on the riverside, the Qiantang River Bridge, the Battle of Liuhe Pagoda, etc., every time they make a trade-off, the "Hangzhou 101" has experienced the "fans" arguing, voting and even canvassing again and again.
Any selection has regrets, but whether from the perspective of architectural year, uniqueness, or representativeness, diversity, etc., the final list selected by this integration of expert selection and public voting basically includes the historical and cultural buildings that exist in the main urban area of Hangzhou, which are enough to represent and reflect the history of urban civilization for thousands of years and carry rich cultural information.
Hangzhou was once short of new landmarks.
Landmarks, as the name suggests, originally referred to markers on the ground. Some are towering into the clouds, some are strange in shape, and with their characteristic visual effects, they point out the direction for people and build people's impression of the city.
While the world is chasing skyscrapers and architectural wonders, Hangzhou calmly adheres to the landscape skyline of the West Lake in a way that limits height.
▲The city and lake are integrated, the lake and the mountains are photographed @ Zhu Pagechuan
With the continuous improvement of the aesthetic of the city, people look back and realize that the simple and rough pursuit of the skyline or the shape of the hunt not only cannot help us recognize a city, but also causes a misreading. Nowadays, when we talk about the cultural nature of landmark buildings, such as Chengdu Taikoo Li, Changsha Wenheyou, we are talking about the spatial expression of the spiritual core of a city.
"By adding the word culture in front of the landmark, we have jumped out of the original restrictions and imagination of the landmark." In addition to the visual level, the logo has also become the spiritual coordinates for people to perceive urban life. Meng Fanhao, co-founder of Line+ Architects, explained.
The spatial impression and perceptual experience shaped by cultural landmarks will affect people's feelings and understanding of a city. The "new" in the new cultural landmark refers to both the age of the building and the connotation of the building. In other words, the new cultural landmark is selected as the overall appearance of Hangzhou, a new first-tier city, in people's minds.
▲ Look at Wu Shan from another angle Photography @ Xiao Yisan
This also explains why many of the 47 landmarks recommended by various districts, counties and cities, despite their grandeur, ultimately failed.
Specifically, the criteria for judging Hangzhou's top ten new cultural landmarks are rich and distinct.
First of all, the aesthetics of architecture are inclusive and elegant. For example, the China International Design Museum, designed by Pritzker Prize winner and well-known Portuguese architect Alvaro Siza, and the "Big Roof" Liangzhu Culture and Art Center designed by Japanese architect Tadao Ando, are not only a well-known architectural aesthetic benchmark at the professional level, but also a popular Internet celebrity punching point.
Secondly, it needs to be related to the cultural spirit of the city and carry a certain part of hangzhou's current humanistic connotation, such as urban renewal, rural construction, and the spirit of the Asian Games. Taking Tonglu's Fangyukong Xiangsu Cultural and Creative Complex as an example, 13 domestic and foreign architects' works have gathered in the mountains, forming a rich and unique comprehensive format with artists' homestays, Yanji study rooms, cloud stages, etc., so that culture and art can awaken the countryside and reshape the countryside.
▲Fangyu Empty Township Cultural and Creative Complex Photo @ Jia Fang
At the same time, cultural landmarks need to have a certain degree of locality and uniqueness. It can be a single large building as a carrier, or it can be a small settlement that absorbs the city. The form of the settlement truthfully reflects the strategy of Hangzhou to cope with and create space under the influence of spatial geography and historical and cultural concepts. Take Toshin and Chuangyuan, for example, this old factory building spontaneously gathered by creatives and designers has rekindled modern people's retro nostalgia and cyber fantasies of the industrial age.
In addition, the publicity and openness of cultural landmarks also reflect the underlying logic of the city's construction. As netizen @Shu ChangHZ wrote in the message: "Many unique cultural landmarks in Hangzhou follow a unique 'decentralization' formation logic, such as Hechuangyuan, Tianmuli, etc., a 'field' that was originally cold and temperatureless, was slowly transformed into a landmark with its own unique emotions and personalities by a group of genetically similar people and brands, turning the field into a personification that seems to have flesh and blood, and then attracting similar brands and people to flock to it." This is not a traditional, highly purposeful, centralized commercial project at all, but a true urban organism. ”
It is worth mentioning that commercialization has never been a restriction for cultural landmarks. In Mr. Meng's view, "The Renaissance was based on the commercial revolution, and there is no separation between commerce and culture. ”
▲ The big roof when the cherry blossoms are in full Bloom Photo @ Xu Shiming
And Teacher Meng also believes that we should give more time to the beauty of architecture. In many fields, although the infrastructure is complete, the space is still growing on its own. "The building will live with the flowers, trees, and crowds that grow among them, and it may take five years, or maybe eight years, to grow into a state of final harmony and unity."
Based on the above cultural characteristics, industrial characteristics, representativeness, building body (block), etc., combined with the recommendation of experts and the public voting to select this list, has basically covered the scope of Hangzhou, in recent years, with a more profound cultural connotation, strong radiation and empowerment effect of representative structures.
Different from the previous selection of representative historical and cultural buildings and new cultural landmarks, the new cultural phenomenon does not have a specific single entity, but it is highlighted in the corners of the city. The ten new cultural phenomena in Hangzhou ultimately depict a portrait of the personality of the city.
The culture of Hangzhou is formed in the real mountains and real waters, which have both the natural wild interests of Xixi and the humanistic gardens of West Lake. Fang Yibo, deputy editor-in-chief of the Zhejiang Branch of Xinhua News Agency, believes that the "integration of three lives" in life, production and ecology is the most important urban temperament and innate endowment of Hangzhou. The healing of landscapes is the most distinctive new cultural phenomenon in Hangzhou. In urban life, integrate life into nature. This is reflected in the case files of the literati, in the lives of ordinary people, and in the economic activities of the city.
Enjoying itself, it has formed the first personality trait in Hangzhou. The ancients said that if it is not a useless thing, how can it be a life with an end. On top of this, new and old Hangzhou people are willing to do "useless" things and enjoy pleasures other than worldly utilitarianism, such as the cultural group that explores the inscriptions of the mountains and cliffs in the West Lake, and the spear and cannon community that shoots birds by the West Lake every winter.
▲ The old mages by the West Lake Photo @ Zhu Pagechuan
At the same time, Hangzhou is extremely contradictory and naturally unified. On the one hand, the background of Hangzhou's cultural character is a calm and slow classical beauty; on the other hand, Hangzhou has a "Hangzhou iron head" temperament in its bones.
In the words of Teacher Fang, "Playing mahjong under the osmanthus tree, I don't think I am inferior, but I still live very confidently and dashingly." In the personality of Hangzhou people, there are fewer things that observe colors and dance with long sleeves. Not taking the worldly set of things to measure character is the aristocratic spirit in the bones of Hangzhou people, and there has been no great change in thousands of years. Such a "Hang Tie tou" temperament is actually a spirit of never compromising and fighting against the current. Under this spiritual desire, entrepreneurship has become a normalized social choice in Hangzhou, which is a natural judgment of self-confidence and value realization in life.
▲ Books are full of city photography @ Ziyi
Hangzhou is happy to embrace the new world, and the city also provides great service convenience for innovators. In the era of digital civilization, it stands at the forefront of rapid change in science and technology and becomes the city of the Internet. From the economic field to all aspects of social governance, with the Internet spirit of openness, equality, cooperation, sharing and inclusiveness, Hangzhou's current urban cultural appearance has been nurtured.
There are both self-sufficiency and courage and perseverance, and the selection of new cultural phenomena in Hangzhou is an outline of the current hangzhou urban character and the spiritual connotation of Hangzhou people.
At this point, the results of hangzhou's top ten representative historical and cultural buildings, top ten new cultural landmarks and top ten new cultural phenomena were officially released. In addition, the 10 representative figures of the "New Forces of Hangzhou Cultural Tourism" selected by the "New Top Ten" series in Hangzhou have also been officially announced before.
They are:
Tango Z Zhongqi, a wonderful rapper from Hangzhou, performed in dialect rap;
Hu Nana, a new generation of "net red" tour guide who tells the story of Hangzhou with her heart;
Zhang Shuyan, the founder of natural creations that redefines the value of folk crafts and shows the contemporary style of intangible cultural heritage;
Zou Chengjia, an indigenous person of the Liangzhu site and a photographer with more than 10,000 photos to record the changes of the Liangzhu site;
Tang Xilan, a Russian poet who created Hangzhou-themed poems in Russian, Chinese and English languages and disseminated Hangzhou culture to the world;
Chen Wei, a teacher and designer who combines traditional art elements with contemporary life scenes to explore the new development path of traditional culture and art;
Wang Xingze, deputy director of the "Rong Library" in Qingshan Village, which uses traditional Chinese materials to develop rural handicrafts and inject new ideas into the green development of rural tourism;
Huang Xiabing, the founder of Qianjia Study Room, who creates a refined experience space that integrates the culture of calligraphy and painting, seal carving, and qipao for readers;
Fang Chenlin, a post-90s new media entrepreneur who promotes Hangzhou culture and builds an overseas cultural exchange platform on overseas social media platforms;
Ye Jiaxing, a researcher and inheritor of the celadon art of the Southern Song Dynasty, interprets the classic aesthetics of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the non-hereditary inheritor of the "Southern Song Dynasty Guanyao Porcelain Firing Technique" that interprets classic aesthetics in contemporary languages.
They lead innovation in their respective fields, give Hangzhou a deeper connotation, and interpret the rich dimensions and new face of Hangzhou with their own unique perspectives and methods.
All the past is the prologue, Hangzhou in the process of cultural precipitation and output, will be more firm, clear inheritance, clear direction, in the infiltration of time, can provide more and more Hangzhou demeanor and temperament for the "most Jiangnan".