Since 2019, the National Natural Science Foundation of China has launched the preparation of the "14th Five-Year Development Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China" and the "Medium and Long-term Development Plan of the Science Foundation of China from 2021 to 2035", and the full text of the plan has not yet been published. At present, some faculties have successively released the priority development areas of the "14th Five-Year Plan" Department of Chemical Sciences, as follows:
I. Priority development areas of the "14th Five-Year Plan" Department of Chemical Sciences:
(1) Precise construction of molecular functional systems
(2) Transmission, reaction and measurement under unconventional conditions
(3) Surface interface basis of material science
(4) Molecular state selection and kinetics
(5) Electrochemical energy that transcends traditional systems
(6) Molecular chemical engineering under the new paradigm
(7) Multifunctional coupling of chemical sensing and imaging
(8) Immunochemical biology and neurochemistry
(9) Green synthesis method and process
(10) Chemical and chemical foundation for efficient conversion and utilization of energy resources
(11) Traceability and safe conversion of key chemical substances in the environmental ecosystem
(12) The application of big data and artificial intelligence in chemistry and chemical industry
(13) Chemical creation of new materials
(14) Design, regulation and theory of soft matter functional systems
(15) The molecular basis of multi-level interactive communication of life systems
II. Priority Development Areas of the "14th Five-Year Plan" Management Science Department:
1. Complex systems management theory
2. Hybrid intelligent management system theory and method
3. Theories and methods of decision intelligence
4. Digital transformation and management of enterprises
5. The new law of the digital economy
6. Intelligent transformation of urban management
7. Smart health care management
8. Theory of Chinese Enterprise Management
9. The globalization of Chinese enterprises under the evolution of the international order
10. Laws of China's Economic Development
11. Governance and its laws in the Chinese context
12. Mechanism and Effect of Poverty Alleviation and Rural Development in China
13. Risk management in the face of global change
14. Global governance in the midst of great changes
15. New issues in global public health crisis management
16. Energy Transition and Management
17. Demographic changes and socio-economic development
18. Coordinated development and management of regional social economy
III. Priority Development Areas of the Ministry of Information Science in the 14th Five-Year Plan:
1. Department of Electronics and Information Systems
· Microwave, millimeter wave integrated circuits, intelligent antenna theory and technology
· Computational electromagnetics
· Bioelectronics and Nanoelectronics
· New wireless broadband information system, mobile wireless Internet
· High-speed communication systems and networks
· Novel Surveillance Imaging Theories and Techniques
2. Computer Science
· Architecture and software
· System-on-Chip design and testing
· Programming Theory and Methodology
· Natural language processing and knowledge processing
· Human-computer interaction and virtual reality
· Next-generation Internet and Information Security
· Mobile computing and network communication software
3. Automation discipline
· Theory and method of intelligent system
· The basic theory of complex control systems
· Advanced control system theory and technology in network environment
· Multi-modal human-computer interaction method
· Microsystems and their controls
· Cognitive processes and their information processing
4. Semiconductor discipline
· New semiconductor devices and circuits
· High-speed, integrated semiconductor optoelectronic devices
· Microstructured materials and devices with quantum effects
· Short-wavelength semiconductor lasers
· Organic, organic/inorganic conforms to semiconductor materials and devices
5. Department of Optics and Optoelectronics
· Ultra-high speed optical switch
· High-speed optical communication, optical interconnection, all-optical network unit technology and devices
· Key technologies and devices for high-density optical storage and optical display
· Fast real-time optical information processing
· Research on the Theory and Practice of Optical Quantum Information
· Biology, Medical Photonology
· Micro-optical technologies and devices
· Key scientific issues and device research in new optoelectronic functional materials
· Photonic crystals and their applications
Further reading:
The 13th Five-Year Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
Priority areas for development by the Ministries of Science
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, by supporting the important frontier direction of the mainland's advantageous disciplines and interdisciplinary disciplines, as well as condensing the research directions that are expected to achieve major original innovations from the major needs of the country, we will further enhance the international status of the main disciplines of the mainland and improve the ability of science and technology to meet the major needs of the country. The principles for selecting priority development areas and their main research directions in each science department are: (1) highlighting the intersection of disciplines in major frontier fields, paying attention to multidisciplinary collaborative research, promoting breakthrough results in important directions of major disciplines, and driving the rapid development of the entire discipline or multiple sub-disciplines; (2) encouraging the exploration and comprehensive use of new concepts, new theories, new technologies, and new methods to contribute to solving key scientific problems restricting the mainland's economic and social development; (3) making full use of the mainland's scientific research advantages and resource characteristics. Further enhance the international influence of the discipline. The priority development areas of each science department will become the main source of key projects and key project clusters in the next five years.
1． Priority areas for the Faculty of Mathematical Sciences
(1) The Langlands program in number theory and algebraic geometry
His research interests include the Fontane-Mazur conjecture of geometric p-adic Galois representations, the stable trace formula of the Yasin group, the upsym of Shimura clusters, the irreducible feature scale problem of algebraic groups on feature p, the relationship between the representation of simple groups and their kinked Jacquet modulus, the BSD conjecture and related problems.
(2) Analytical, geometric and algebraic methods in differential equations
His research interests include singularity problems and manifold classification of geometric equations; Morse theory and index theory and applications; lagrangian Floer homology theory with high deficits; dynamic instability of Hamilton's system; traversal theory of dynamical systems; overall fitness of Navier-Stokes equations; cosmic supervisory conjectures of Einstein's equations in general relativity, and related mathematical theories and methods of inverse problems.
(3) Stochastic analysis methods and their applications
His research interests include stochastic differential equations under nonlinear expectations, stochastic partial differential equations and regular structures, stochastic differential geometry, Diehl's type and applications, Markov process traversal theory, fine characterization of discrete Markov processes, stochastic matrices, limit theory and large deviations, and applications in finance, networking, monitoring, biology, medicine, and image processing.
(4) Nonlinear dynamic theory, methods and experimental techniques of high-dimensional/non-smooth systems
His research interests include dynamic modeling, analysis and control of high-dimensional constrained systems including nonlinearity, non-smoothness, time delay and uncertainty, as well as new concepts and theories at the intersection of disciplines; related large-scale computational and experimental methods and technical research.
(5) Deformation and strength theory of solids under abnormal conditions
His main research interests include deformation and strength theory of solids under extraordinary conditions, multi-field large deformation constitutive relationships of flexible structures and design principles of functional-material-structure integration, uncertainty dynamic response law of new complex structures and propagation mechanism of elastic waves in solids, related new experimental methods and instruments, and multi-scale algorithms and software.
(6) Mechanism and method of high-speed flow and control
His main research interests include turbulence mechanisms and control methods related to the flow of high-speed space vehicles and marine vehicles and multiphase complex flows, and the theory, simulation methods and experimental techniques of thin gas flow and high-speed flow.
(7) The integrated history of the Milky Way and its evolutionary connection to the large-scale structure of the universe
His research interests include the integrated history of the Milky Way, the distribution of matter in the Milky Way, the detection of the nature of dark matter particles, the formation of large-scale structures in the universe, the observation of the accelerated expansion of the universe, the nature of dark energy and the theory of gravity at the cosmic scale, the physical process of galaxy formation, the relationship between the properties of galaxies and large-scale structures, the formation of massive black holes and their influence on galaxy formation.
(8) The formation and evolution of stars and the source of solar activity
His research interests include the interstellar material cycle, the formation, properties and evolution of molecular clouds, the formation, internal structure and evolution of stars, compact objects and their high-energy processes, the magnetic field structure of the solar atmosphere, the solar dynamo theory and the evolution of solar activity cycles.
(9) Spin, orbit, charge, phonon multibody interaction and its macroscopic quantum properties
His main research interests include new quantum multibody theory and computational methods, new high-temperature superconductivity and topological superconductivity systems, physical mechanism problems of copper-based, iron-based and heavy fermion superconductivity, preparation and mechanism of interface superconducting systems, regulatory mechanisms of topological quantum states such as topological insulators, topological magnetic structures in different material systems, principle devices for topological magnetic storage of high-density and low-energy information, control of energy valleys and spin states in new low-dimensional semiconductor materials, impurity bands and multi-energy band effects with high mobility.
(10) Regulation of the light field and its interaction with matter
His research interests include time domain, frequency domain, and spatial regulation of light fields, atomic and molecular dynamic behavior in ultrafast, strong, and thermally dense environments, intense laser-driven particle acceleration, radiation source generation, and laser fusion physics, extreme light focusing, characterization, and manipulation at the nanoscale, accurate description of structured light processes in mesoscopics, and new mechanisms for the interaction of photons with electrons and phonons in micro-nano structures, photon-optoelectronic device coupling and manipulation, and the generation and transmission of plasmons.
(11) New states of cold atoms and their quantum optics
The main research directions are: advanced technology of photon-matter interaction and its quantum manipulation, structure, control and measurement of novel optical quantum states, photomechanics of solid-state system interactions, new principles and new methods of precision measurement based on quantum optics, high-precision imaging technology and quantum simulation of cold atoms and molecular gases, new principles and methods of molecular gas cooling, new mechanisms for precise manipulation of atomic and molecular internal states, external environments and interactions.
(12) The physical basis of quantum information technology and new quantum devices
His research interests include quantum computing and simulation of scalable solid-state physical systems, transformative new technologies at the forefront of quantum technologies such as quantum communication, quantum networks and quantum metrology for practical applications, and the research direction of interpreting and guiding quantum information with logical and rigorous quantum physics theory.
(13) Subatomic physics and detection in the post-Higgs era
His research interests include superstring/M-theory, very early cosmic studies exploring the unification of interactions; TeV physics, Higgs properties, supersymmetric particles and other new particles, hadron physics and taste physics, symmetry studies and grid QCD calculations; phase structure of quantum chromodynamics and new material properties of quark gluon plasma; accurate measurement of unstable nuclei and nuclear reactions of key celestial bodies; singular structure and isocyclone-related decay spectroscopy of atomic nuclei in the drip region, new mechanisms and techniques for synthesizing superheavy nuclei.
(14) Neutrino properties, dark matter search and cosmic ray detection
His research interests include neutrino oscillation, neutrino mass, neutrino-free bi-β decay, direct and indirect search for dark matter, composition and acceleration mechanism of cosmic ray sources; anti-irradiation, highly sensitive and high-resolution nuclear and particle detection principles, methods and techniques for large areas, space, time and energy; ultra-weak signals, ultra-low background detection mechanisms and techniques.
(15) Plasma multi-scale effect and dynamic control of high stability operation
His research interests include nonlinear interactions and magnetic reconnection processes between multiscale models in plasmas (including waves and instability and boundary layer physics); macroscopic stability and dynamics and microscopic instability, turbulence and transport of steady-state high-performance plasmas; electron dynamics and mechanisms and models of multiscale turbulence/transport on all dimensions of phase space; finding ways to reduce the damage of heat and particle flows to the surface of materials; wave-particle interaction and its coupling to other physical processes.
2． Priority areas for development by the Department of Chemical Sciences
(1) Chemical precision synthesis
His research interests include synthetic chemistry driven by new reagents, new reactions, new concepts, new strategies and new theories; synthetic chemistry under unconventional and extreme conditions; synthetic methods and technologies for atomic economy, green sustainable and precise control; synthetic biology driven by chemical principles; and the creation of new molecules, new substances and new materials oriented by specific functions.
(2) Efficient catalytic process and its dynamic characterization
His main research interests include new methods and concepts for constructing specific structural and functional catalytic materials, regulation of catalytic active sites, new methods and techniques for catalytic characterization in situ, dynamic, and high spatio-temporal resolution, and new theoretical methods for catalytic reaction mechanisms and processes.
(3) Basic research on the surface interface of chemical reactions and functions
His research interests include novel properties of surface interface structure and electronic state, regulation of surface interface modification and reactivity, molecular adsorption, assembly, activation and reaction, field regulation and surface interface reaction enhancement, multi-scale, multi-component complex interface electrochemical system, colloidal and interface phenomena in new media systems, and new theories and methods for the study of surface interface processes.
(4) Theoretical and computational chemistry of complex systems
His research interests include new methods for the theory of electron structures with strong correlation and excited states, low-scale effective algorithms for macromolecular and condensed phase systems, and development of multi-scale kinetic theories for complex systems, including quantum dynamics, quantum-classical hybridization, and classical dynamics.
(5) Chemical precision measurement and molecular imaging
His research interests include new analytical strategies, principles and methods, ultra-high spatiotemporal resolution spectroscopy and imaging analysis, principles and techniques of multidimensional spectroscopy, accurate measurement, characterization and manipulation of single molecules, biological macromolecules and single cells, in situ and real-time analysis of living organisms, biological sensing and diagnosis of major diseases, public safety early warning, screening and traceability, application of large scientific devices, and chemical measurement and analysis under extreme conditions.
(6) Molecular state selection and kinetic control
His research interests include efficient dynamic preparation of molecular vibrations and detection technology based on coherent light sources, dynamics of multiatomic reactions, kinetics of hydroelectric chemical reactions, excited states of molecule vibrations, excited states of electrons and non-adiabatic dynamics, and kinetic measurement and simulation of multivariate complex systems.
(7) Molecular basis of advanced functional materials
The main research directions are: the molecular basis and principle of new functional material systems, as well as multi-scale structure and macroscopic performance control; the creation of high-performance and multi-functional new materials, which include light, electricity, magnetism, separation, adsorption, bionics, energy storage and conversion, drug transportation, self-healing, and application of extreme conditions for energy, health, environment and information. Special attention is paid to the research and in-depth utilization of mainland characteristic resources.
(8) Sustainable green chemical process
His research interests include accurate measurement and modeling of basic chemical data of complex systems, mass load and energy transfer and reaction under limited-area space or extreme conditions, mesoscale theory and methods of complex chemical systems, chemical processes and process enhancement technologies based on atomic economy and macro preparation.
(9) Chemical tracking and control in environmental pollution and health hazards
His research interests include the characterization and analysis of pollutants in complex environmental media, multi-media interface behavior and regulation, air composite pollution control, haze formation mechanism and health risks, water and soil pollution process control and remediation, environmental exposure and health effects of persistent toxic pollutants, environmental spread and control of antibiotics and resistance genes in the environment, environmental behavior and prevention and control of radioactive substances.
(10) Molecular regulation of the function of the living system
His research interests include the design, synthesis and application of molecular probes with cell fate regulation as the main line, the synthesis, labeling, manipulation, dynamic modification, chemical intervention and quantification of their interaction networks of biological macromolecules, the systematic regulation of small molecules on biological macromolecules, the discovery and modification of important bioactive molecules, and the discovery and target recognition of leading drugs in the treatment of major diseases.
(11) Construction of new energy chemical system
His research interests include efficient catalytic conversion of carbon-based energy, integration of electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems such as fuel cells, secondary cells and supercapacitors, photoelectric conversion process chemistry of material design and preparation, device assembly and integration of high-efficiency solar cells, selective conversion of cellulosic biomass and biofuel cells.
(12) Aggregates and nanochemistry
His research interests include the synergy of primitives in molecular aggregates, the precise construction and regulation of macromolecules, supramolecules and nanostructures, the structure and dynamic evolution of macromolecular condensed matter, and their theoretical and computational methods.
(13) Multi-level cluster structure and bionic
His research interests include precise preparation, characterization and theory of eigen-properties of clusters, dynamic growth, mechanism, structure and properties of clusters, construction and synergy of multi-level structures of clusters, biological functions and efficient chemical activities of bionic clusters.
3． Priority areas for the Life Sciences Division
(1) Modification, interaction and activity regulation of biological macromolecules
His research interests include biological macromolecule modification, dynamic changes and functions, dynamics and network characteristics of biological macromolecule interactions, structural basis and prediction of biological macromolecule-specific interactions, self-assembly of biological macromolecule complexes, sugar, lipid chemistry and enzymatic synthesis, structure and function, and high resolution techniques to study intracellular macromolecular behavior.
(2) Molecular mechanisms determined by cell fate
His research interests include the regulatory mechanism of cell plasticity, the dynamic change and function of organelle and subcellular structure, the transmembrane signal transduction and fate determination of cells, the mechanism of stem cell pluripotency maintenance and directional differentiation, and the transcriptional and epigenetic regulation network of embryonic stem cell differentiation.
(3) Regulatory mechanism of gamete generation and embryonic development
His research interests include the molecular mechanisms of gametogenesis and maturation, the dynamic changes in embryonic development schemas and their molecular regulatory networks, the molecular mechanisms of cell lineage development, and the epigenetic regulation of gametogenesis and embryonic development.
(4) Cellular molecular mechanisms of immune response and effect
His research interests include new subsets of immune cells, new molecules and their functions, signal transduction of immune cell recognition and activation, interaction and function of different types of immune cells, immune mechanism of microbiological mucosa, immune tolerance and immune escape mechanism.
(5) Steady-state regulation and functional mechanism of sugar/lipid metabolism
His research interests include network regulation of sugar/lipid metabolism and energy metabolism, dynamic regulation and function of membrane sugar/lipid metabolism, transport mechanism and function of sugar/lipid-specific metabolites, sugar/lipid metabolism and function specific to cells or tissues and organs, interrelationship between sugar/lipid metabolism regulation and endocrine system, steady-state maintenance and abnormal occurrence mechanism of sugar/lipid metabolism.
(6) Analysis of the genetic laws of important traits
His research interests include the genetic structure and regulatory mechanism of complex traits, the genetic and physiological mechanisms of complex diseases, the genetic basis of the evolution of biological traits, the characteristics and genetic basis of human and important biological phenotypes, and the genetic basis of secondary metabolic regulation.
(7) The formation and functional regulation of neural circuits
His research interests include the development, morphology and function of neurons, the mechanism of selective connection between neurons, the processing and integration of neural circuit information, and the pathogenesis of neural circuit abnormalities and diseases.
(8) Cognitive psychological processes and neural mechanisms
His research interests include perceptual information processing and integration, mental processes and neural mechanisms of attention and consciousness, psychological and neural mechanisms of advanced cognitive processes (learning, memory, decision-making, language, etc.), mechanisms of cognitive abnormalities, early recognition and intervention, and the development of individual human cognitive and social behavior.
(9) Molecular mechanisms of species evolution
His research interests include the adaptive evolution mechanism of species in special environments, the co-evolution mechanism of species interactions, and the convergent evolution mechanism of species similar traits.
(10) Biodiversity and its functions
His research interests include the formation mechanism of biodiversity, the maintenance mechanism of biodiversity, the mechanism of biodiversity loss, and the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem function.
(11) Molecular basis for genetic improvement of agricultural organisms
His research interests include the genetic basis for the formation of traits of agricultural biological importance, the interaction mechanism between agricultural biological genes and the environment, the relationship between agricultural biological phenotype and genotype, and the new concept and new model of agricultural biological breeding.
(12) Mechanism of agricultural biological resistance to diseases and insects
His research interests include the molecular and physiological mechanisms of agricultural biological resistance to diseases and insects, the molecular basis of agricultural biological immune response, and the law and control basis of agricultural biological diseases and insect pests.
(13) Adaptation mechanism of agroforestry plants to abiotic adversity
His research interests include the molecular physiological basis of agroforestry plant adaptation to abiotic stress, the cross-response mechanism of agroforestry plants to a variety of abiotic stresses, and the cultivation regulation mechanism of agroforestry plants adapting to abiotic stress.
(14) The basis for healthy breeding of agricultural animals
Main research directions: biological laws and physiological basis for the formation of important traits in agricultural animals, adaptation and transmission of pathogens in agricultural animals and breeding environments, occurrence and prevention and control of important zoonotic diseases, changes in environmental factors and pollutant migration in the breeding process, influence mechanism of feed nutrition and metabolites on animal immunity, selection and breeding of forage varieties and maintenance of grassland productivity.
(15) Changes in nutrient composition and the production of harmful substances and their mechanisms in the process of food processing and preservation
His main research interests include changes in food processing methods and processing nutrients and their mechanisms; the biological basis of food storage preservation and nutrient maintenance; the mechanism of the production and elimination of harmful substances in food; the theory, new technologies and methods of trace amount and rapid detection of harmful substances in food.
4． Priority areas for development by the Department of Earth Sciences
(1) New theories, techniques and methods of Earth observation and information extraction
The main research directions: experimental techniques of physical and chemical properties and processes of earth matter; theories and technologies of deep earth exploration and surface observation; experimental analysis techniques of trace, microregulation and high precision and high sensitivity; theories and technologies of basic information collection and application of the earth system; the exploration theories and methods of deep space, deep earth, deep time and deep sea; assimilation, fusion, sharing and analysis technology of geological big data; quantitative research on remote sensing under the scientific system of the earth system; observation system and multi-source data fusion Numerical calculation and simulation technology in earth system science.
(2) Deep Earth processes and dynamics
His research interests include the structure, composition and state of the earth's crust and mantle; the formation, transformation and evolution of the continental lithosphere; the process of plate convergence and orogenic belt dynamics; the fluid and volatile part of the earth's deep; the interaction of the plate interface and the subduction zone; the coupling relationship between the deep earth's processes and surface processes; the tectonic system and composition of the early Earth; the mechanism of earthquake disaster inoculation and disaster formation; the genesis mechanism of continental active volcanoes and the disaster and environmental effects.
(3) Evolution of the earth's environment and life processes
His research interests include paleontology and tree of life in important fossil phyla systems, evolution and law of biodiversity in deep time, origin of life and evolution of earth matter, high-resolution integrated stratigraphy and geochronography, earth microbiology and chemical processes and environmental evolution, life processes and geological environment under extreme conditions, major environmental events and causes in geological history periods, co-evolution between human origin and environmental background, origin and evolution of terrestrial planets.
(4) Formation mechanism of mineral resources and fossil energy
His research interests include the status and exploration of resources and energy resources in the deep part of the earth, plate convergence, lithosphere reconstruction and mineralization, dispersed enrichment and metallogenicity of special elements, basin dynamics and mineralization, tight oil and gas formation conditions, distribution and exploration of enrichment areas, groundwater circulation and sustainable utilization, metallogenic models, metallogenic systems and metallogenic mechanisms.
(5) Ocean processes and their resources, environment and climatic effects
His research interests include multiscale ocean processes and their roles in the climate system, marine ecosystems and biodiversity, marine biogeochemical processes and ecological environments, formation and evolution of the coastal seas of East Asia and the island arc-mid-ocean ridge system, structure, structure and interaction of the ocean-land transition zone, environmental changes and ocean processes in the Antarctic and Arctic, and ocean multi-circle interaction processes and mechanisms.
(6) The process of surface environmental change and its effects
His research interests include the processes and mechanisms of land surface systems, the response mechanisms of surface processes to environmental changes and their feedbacks, soil processes and their biogeochemical cycles, and comprehensive research on typical regional surface processes.
(7) Evolution and sustainable use of soil and water resources
His research interests include soil processes and evolutions, soil quality and resource effects, hydrological processes and ecological effects in watersheds, regional water cycles and water resource formation mechanisms, coupling and sustainable utilization of regional water and soil resources, ecological functions and environmental effects of soil organisms, ecological hydrological processes and ecological services.
(8) Processes and functions of the earth's key belts
His research interests include the structure, formation and evolution mechanism of the key belt, the process and interaction of material transformation in the key belt, the service function and sustainable development of the key belt, the modeling and system simulation of the key belt process.
(9) Weather, climate and atmospheric environmental processes, changes and their mechanisms
His research interests include the dynamic mechanisms of weather and climate change and their predictability; climate interdecadal variation prediction; atmospheric physics, atmospheric chemical processes and interaction mechanisms; interactions between weather changes, climate variability and atmospheric environment in The Asian region; energy and material exchange and circulation in the climate system; frequency and magnitude of extreme climate events.
(10) Solar-terrestrial space environment and space weather
His research interests include the basic physical processes of frontiers in space weather science, the coupling process of space weather in helio-terrestrial systems, regional modeling and integrated modeling methods for space weather, the mechanism and countermeasures of the influence of space weather on human activities, solar activity and its impact on space weather, and the theory, methods and techniques of space and ocean geodesy and their geoscience applications.
(11) Interaction between global environmental changes and the Earth's sphere
His research interests include the processes and mechanisms of global warming stagnation (Hiatus), sea-air interactions and climate and environmental changes in Asia, global climate change and water cycle, biogeochemical cycles and climate and environmental changes, paleoheating of Cenozoic climate systems and their effects, sphere interactions and Earth system simulations.
(12) The impact of human activities on the environment and disasters
His research interests include pollution characteristics, interaction rules and safe disposal of solid waste in industry and towns, environmental impact and disaster mechanism of large-scale human engineering activities, ecological and environmental effects of mineral resource utilization, evolution mechanism, inducing factors and disaster-causing mechanisms of geological disasters such as landslides and mudslides, human impacts in the formation process of atmospheric composite pollutants, impacts of human activities on regional and global environments, regional environmental processes and regulations, regional sustainable development, multi-media interface processes, effects and regulations of environmental pollutants Coupling of regional human activities and resources and environment; urbanization and resource and environmental effects.
5． Priority areas for the Department of Engineering and Materials Science
(1) Microstructure and deformation mechanism of metastable metal materials
His research interests include the development of new amorphous alloy systems with special properties, the study of the structure and properties of complex alloy phases, the structural characteristics and characterization methods, the structure and thermal stability, the deformation mechanism and strengthening mechanism, the brittle fracture mechanism and toughening, the solidification behavior under deep subcooling conditions, and the study of crystal-shaped nuclei and growth processes.
(2) Preparation and processing of high-performance lightweight metal materials and performance regulation
The main research directions: alloy design, toughness mechanism and microstructure performance regulation of lightweight metal materials (aluminum, magnesium, titanium alloy and foam metal, etc.), basic theoretical research on process, microstructure and performance regulation in advanced casting, plastic processing and connection process, basic theoretical research on service performance and protection, basic research on sintered metal pore structure control.
(3) Low-dimensional carbon materials
His main research interests include the structural characteristics of low-dimensional carbon materials and the physical causes of their new physical properties; the motion rules and mechanisms of electrons, photons, phonons, etc. in low-dimensional carbon materials; the controllable preparation principles and large-scale preparation methods of low-dimensional carbon materials; the new physical properties, new effects, new principle devices and new application explorations of low-dimensional carbon materials.
(4) New inorganic functional materials
His research interests include the research and application of high-temperature superconductivity mechanism based on microscopic physical model and physical image, the synthesis and magnetoelectric coupling mechanism and application of multiferroic materials, the structural design principle of metamaterials and their new effect devices, the physical mechanism of resistive materials and the moderability of device memory resistance behavior and prototype device research.
(5) New principles and new methods for polymer material processing
His main research interests include the physical and chemical problems of structural evolution in polymer material processing, the nonlinear rheology of polymer materials and the mechanism of unstable phenomena in polymer processing, the multi-scale simulation and prediction of polymer material processing, the online characterization method of polymer material processing, the new processing methods such as micro-nano scale processing, and the processing technology based on principle innovation.
(6) Bioactive substance controlled release/delivery system carrier material
His research interests include bio-inspired and lesion microenvironmental response vector materials, disease immunotherapy drug carrier materials, nucleic acid drug carrier materials and their delivery systems, molecular probes with high sensitivity, tissue and cell targetability and signal amplification, and diagnostic-treatment integrated polymer carrier materials and delivery systems.
(7) Efficient development of fossil energy and disaster prevention and control theory
His research interests include physicochemical properties and rock mechanics of drilled formations, oil and gas reservoir development, pipe-string and pipeline under complex working conditions, interaction and flow of complex oil and gas engineering, constitutive relationship of rock mass under exploitation conditions, multi-phase and multi-field coupling of multi-scale deformation and failure mechanism, and information fusion and decision-making of mining robotization under extreme conditions.
(8) Efficient extraction of metallurgy and high-performance material preparation and processing process science
Main research directions: metallurgical key physicochemical data, metallurgical process phase structure evolution, new principle and new process of reactor, low-carbon ironmaking, efficient conversion and clean separation, secondary resource utilization, efficient continuous casting, high-performance powder metallurgy materials, metal solidification under multi-field action, interface science, efficient utilization of metallurgical processes.
(9) Mechanical surface interface behavior and regulation
His research interests include interface contact and adhesion mechanism, table/interface energy formation mechanism and application, interface behavior regulation under restricted conditions, interface behavior between kinematic bodies and media, interface behavior of biological tissues/artificial materials, and damage and repair of biological tissue interface.
(10) The basis of additive manufacturing technology
His research interests include efficient and high-precision additive manufacturing methods, additive manufacturing technology and performance regulation of advanced materials, principles and methods of integrated fabrication of materials, structures and devices, biological 3D printing and functional reconstruction, principles and methods of multi-scale additive manufacturing.
(11) Heat transfer and mass transfer and advanced thermal system
His research interests include basic research on unconventional conditions and micro-nano scale heat transfer, new high-efficiency energy conversion and utilization system based on advanced thermodynamic cycling, basic theory of biological heat transfer and mass transfer and biomimetic heat, thermal exploration- the microscopic basis of thermal mass theory and its unification with macroscopic laws.
(12) Regulation of combustion reaction pathway
Main research directions: Combustion reaction pathway regulation based on fuel design and gas mixture activity control, non-equilibrium plasma combustion reaction pathway regulation, combustion reaction pathway regulation based on new combustion technologies such as catalytic assisted combustion, flameless combustion, oxygen-enriched combustion and chemical chain combustion, combustion reaction pathway regulation based on scale effect, combustion reaction pathway regulation based on physical process control.
(13) Basic research on a new generation of energy and power systems
Main research directions: the architecture of the new generation of energy and power system and the mechanism of system security and stability (including smart power plants and smart grids), the application of new materials for electrical engineering and related scientific issues in the development, operation and service of new equipment, the interconnection and coupling mode of multiple energy systems, the interaction mechanism between supply and demand, energy and electricity and information systems, the system operation mechanism and energy and electricity market theory, and the theory and method of network comprehensive planning.
(14) Basic scientific problems of high-efficiency and high-quality motor systems
His main research interests include the mechanism of electrical-magnetic-force-thermal-fluid multiphysics cross-coupling and evolution; the coupling law and comprehensive analysis method of "structure-manufacturing-performance-material service behavior"; the motor system and its drive control under multi-constraint conditions; the new topology, design theory and method, manufacturing process and control strategy of the motor system.
(15) The design theory of the overall reliability of the whole life of the structure under the action of multiple disasters
Main research directions: design theory and method of whole-life reliability design of civil engineering structures under the action of multiple disasters (earthquake, wind disaster, fire, explosion, etc.); the principle of analysis of the risk of multiple disasters, the law of multi-scale destruction of engineering structure time and space, high-performance structural system and recoverable functional structure system, and the overall reliability design theory and method of structural defense against multiple disasters.
(16) Theories and methods of green building design
Main research directions: the coupling law of building shape, space, plane and structure and green building evaluation index system; the principles, methods, technical systems and evaluation standards of green residential building models, public buildings and industrial building green design in different regions.
(17) Green metallurgical process engineering science oriented to resource conservation
His research interests include resource conversion mechanism and energy saving theory under field reinforcement; mechanism and regulation mechanism of enhanced reaction and transfer process in unconventional media, especially high-temperature melts; special phenomena and reaction mechanisms of material interaction, thermodynamic and kinetic regulation mechanism; multi-factor multi-component solid/liquid/gas interface structure and interface reaction; coupling mechanism of chemical reaction, substance and energy transmission in reactors and various physics; common scientific problems of efficient and low carbon emission conversion in resource utilization.
(18) Life cycle performance evolution of major dams and offshore platforms
His research interests include the mechanics of deep geotechnical destruction, the material property evolution of reservoir dams and ocean platforms, the multiphase and multi-field coupling and performance evolution of reservoir dams and ocean platforms and the risk of catastrophe, and the real-time monitoring and disaster prevention and mitigation of reservoir dams and marine platforms.
6． Priority areas for development by the Ministry of Information Sciences
(1) Acquisition, integration and application of marine target information
His research interests include theories and methods of maritime target detection and identification, mechanism and identification methods of underwater target detection, underwater communication and integrated information transmission between sea and air, environmental observation and information reconstruction of marine targets, heterogeneous massive data processing and information fusion theory and key technologies.
(2) High-performance detection imaging and identification
His research interests include multidimensional multi-scale detection imaging mechanism, weak signal detection and cognitive detection imaging, detection imaging signal processing and intelligent target recognition, multimodal imaging theory and information reconstruction, computational imaging theory and methods.
(3) Heterogeneous fusion wireless network theory and technology
His research interests include the theory and method of new ultra-high-speed wireless transmission, the basic theory of constellation broadband communication network, the theory and technology of mobile Internet network, the architecture and organization mechanism of air-ground collaborative network, the efficient utilization and optimization method of high-dynamic heterogeneous wireless resources, and the seamless information service based on computing communication fusion.
(4) Theory and technology of new high-performance computing system
His research interests include energy-efficient new microprocessor architecture, scalable high-performance computer system architecture and massively parallel programming model, storage structure and technology based on new storage media, large-scale parallel application algorithms, software and collaborative optimization, quantum devices based on new materials and structures, new quantum computing models and quantum computer architectures.
(5) Real-world-oriented intelligent perception and interactive computing
His research interests include multi-channel efficient representation, modeling, perception and cognition of the real physical world, contextual understanding and natural interaction in the human-machine-object fusion environment, virtual-real fusion and interoperability in the network environment, multimedia deep mining and learning, synthesis and visual analysis of complex high-dimensional information.
(6) The basic theories and key technologies of cyberspace security
His research interests include system security assessment theory and method in network environment, mobile and wireless network secure access model, protocol and system architecture, virtualized security analysis and access control model in cloud computing environment, hardware identity authentication and secure communication based on device fingerprint and channel characteristics, and new cryptography basic theory and data security mechanism for network applications.
(7) Theory and technology of intelligent control system for major equipment
Main research directions: intelligent modeling, control and optimization of multi-level, high-dimensional, strong nonlinearity, strong coupling of complex industrial processes, new theories and new methods of control and optimization; system alarm and operation fault intelligent diagnosis and self-healing control; adaptive, self-learning, safe and reliable operation of intelligent control system implementation technology; major industrial equipment intelligent control system verification platform and application verification research.
(8) Navigation guidance integrated control technology for moving bodies in complex environments
His main research interests include the driving optimization and safety control of future intelligent vehicles, the new mechanism and method of polar navigation, the integrated control of high-performance navigation and guidance of deep space probes, the integrated control of autonomous navigation and guidance of spacecraft operating and serving in orbit, and the integration of high-precision and reliable perception, navigation and control of deep-sea probes.
(9) Process industry knowledge automation system theory and technology
His research interests include domain knowledge mining, reasoning and optimization and reorganization of process industries driven by industrial big data; intelligent optimization technology system theory and methods combining knowledge worker automation + COCC (control and optimization, computer technology, communication technology) with process industry entities; industrial cognitive network system basics based on industrial cloud and industrial Internet of Things; performance index decision-making, optimal operation and control integration software platform system foundation; process industry knowledge automation system experimental platform and verification.
(10) Micro-nano integrated circuits and new hybrid integration technologies
His research interests include novel low-power devices and circuit theory, nano-monolithic integrated circuit technology, micro-nano sensors and heterogeneous integrated fusion technology.
(11) Optoelectronic devices and integrated technology
His research interests include integrated chips for optical communication and information processing functions, ultra-high resolution imaging and display chip technology, and wide bandgap semiconductor optoelectronic devices and integrated technologies.
(12) Efficient signal radiation source and detector device
Main research directions: terahertz/LWA INFRA device design, simulation and testing technology; terahertz/LWA INFRA material growth and device development; millimeter wave RADIO frequency devices; vacuum electronic devices, superconducting electronic devices; artificial electromagnetic materials and devices.
(13) Ultra-high resolution, high sensitivity optical detection methods and technologies
His research interests include optical far-field imaging methods and techniques that break through the diffraction limit, multi-parameter optical characterization and cross-level information integration, as well as single-molecule imaging and dynamic detection, sub-nano-precision optical surface detection, including three-dimensional spatial information accurate acquisition and precision detection, and high-sensitivity fine spectral real-time detection technology.
(14) Acquisition of big data, computing theory and efficient algorithms
His research interests include complexity and computability theory and simple computing theory of big data, big data content sharing, security and privacy protection, low-energy and efficient big data acquisition mechanism and device technology, heterogeneous cross-media big data coding and compression method, efficient storage access method in big data environment, correlation analysis and value mining algorithm of big data, deep learning theory and method for big data, model representation and visualization technology of big data, algorithm tools and open software platform for big data analysis and understanding New system architecture and technology integrating storage and computing, and future computer system architecture and model for big data.
(15) Basic theory and application of human-machine-material fusion system in big data environment
His research interests include dynamic behavior analysis and evaluation of human-machine-object fusion systems, trend prediction and decision-making based on big data, software methods and technologies for human-machine-object integration, future network architecture for human-machine-object fusion, and demonstration applications of human-machine-material fusion systems for big data in the field (including financial credit, cyberspace security, intelligent transportation, environmental monitoring, etc.).
7． Priority areas for development of the Department of Management Sciences
(1) The behavior law in the management system
His research interests include consumer privacy protection behavior and personal information value model, consumer behavior change theory in mobile Internet environment, behavior mechanism and service strategy of service participants, behavior mechanism of entrepreneurs in social network environment, behavior of enterprise managers and the impact of financial decision-making, and green and low-carbon behavior law of enterprises and residents.
(2) Analysis, experimentation and modeling of complex management systems
His research interests include the emergence mechanism and principle of social system cluster behavior, the evolution and management experiment of game behavior preference, the operation and calculation experiment of complex socio-economic system, the theory and method of spatio-temporal correlation data modeling and visual analysis, network big data mining and social computing, and the theoretical basis of complex systems of Internet finance.
(3) Complex engineering and complex operation management
Main research directions: basic theory of complex engineering, complex engineering organization model, organizational behavior and site management, complex engineering strategic decision analysis and management, complex underground logistics system integration and management, big data-driven distributed operation management model, operation management theory and method based on e-commerce consumer behavior, operation management in smart factories and intelligent manufacturing.
(4) Analysis and optimization of transportation system in mobile Internet environment
His research interests include the human factor mechanism and real-time demand management of traffic behavior in the information age, the design and optimization of complex comprehensive transportation networks in large cities, the dynamic synergistic configuration mechanism of spatio-temporal resources in multi-mode transportation, the real-time reliability analysis of large-scale integrated transportation systems, and the online modeling and analysis of the overall operating status of transportation systems.
(5) Data-driven financial innovation and risk laws
His research interests include the theory and technology of quantitative analysis of real-time financial big data, the integration and value discovery of heterogeneous and unconventional financial big data, the new theories and methods of financial risk identification and management based on big data, the Internet and data-driven financial innovation and its risk management, the influence mechanism of social networks on corporate financial policies and decision-making, and the laws of corporate financial crises in the network environment and their overall impact.
(6) The law of entrepreneurial activities and their ecosystem
His research interests include the business model innovation law of start-ups, the incentive mechanism for knowledge employees of start-ups, the elements of new entrepreneurial ecosystems and their evolution laws, the ecological communities of start-up enterprises based on the integration of physical and information space, and the influence of the Internet on entrepreneurial activities and operational decision-making.
(7) The transformation of Chinese enterprises and their innovation laws
His research interests include the new relationship between enterprises and the government under the background of economic transformation, the globalization law of Chinese enterprises and its driving factors and influences, the law of corporate strategic change and organizational evolution under the new situation, the reform mechanism of China's accounting system and information disclosure, the data-driven marketing model and promotion strategy, the multi-channel reform, integration and innovation in the era of mobile Internet, the theory and platform of enterprise development think tank and database construction.
(8) Enterprise innovation behavior and national innovation system management
His research interests include the reconstruction of the global science and technology governance system and its impact on China, the theoretical basis for the evaluation of national innovation capabilities and innovation systems, the national governance system and policy science for innovation-driven development, the major influencing factors and influencing laws of enterprise innovation and industrial development, the theory of enterprise innovation strategy driven by big data, the strategic management of enterprise intellectual property rights and technical standards, and the interaction law between enterprise innovation behavior and innovation ecosystem.
(9) Management science issues in the service economy
His research interests include service resource organization and coordination mechanism, information product and service pricing, manufacturer's servitization model and strategy, operation management of service systems in emerging fields, transformative services and innovation in mobile Internet environment, customer experience optimization and service model innovation based on big data.
(10) The law of green and low-carbon development of China's social economy
His research interests include green logistics, supply chain and operation management; the law of national energy system change and its driving mechanism; the system management mechanism of whole basin and cross-basin water resources; the new law and new form of China's macroeconomic green development; the national policy design and impact assessment of green and low-carbon development; and the evolution and cooperation mechanism of international climate governance structure.
(11) Research on China's economic structural transformation and mechanism reconstruction
His research interests include the transformation and restructuring of China's macro-control system, the reform of the national governance mechanism and fiscal and taxation system, the transformation of China's state-owned enterprise system and the law of new governance, the evolution and reform of China's financial system, the foreign investment and strategic management of Chinese enterprises in the context of the new era, the law of internationalization of China's capital market and its financial security impact.
(12) The basic management law of national security
His research interests include basic laws and scientific theories of national security governance and management; analysis of national development strategies and international competition strategies in the new era; basic laws of national comprehensive emergency management system construction; national information security management and response strategies; basic theories of safe operation and safety planning of super cities; traffic flow/logistics evolution and emergency regulation for major emergencies; and design mechanisms of China's aging and sustainable old-age care system.
(13) The basic laws of state and social governance
His research interests include the basic theories of national governance and social governance, the system construction and operation mechanism of national governance and social governance, the laws of state and social governance in the global governance system, the new theories and methods of government decision support, the distributed collection and data processing method of heterogeneous governance information, and the theory and platform of national think tank and database construction.
(14) Management rules and mechanisms of new urbanization
His research interests include the law and system construction of comprehensive urban management in small and medium-sized urban communities, the humanistic goals, evolutionary process and resource constraints of new urbanization, the law of new rural economic development and rural governance in urbanization, and the law of cross-regional systematic population migration and its socio-economic impact.
(15) Mobile Internet medical and health management
His research interests include data standardization principles for health management indicators, participant collaboration and value creation in e-health systems, e-health management based on big data and its model innovation, data-driven medical quality and medical security management, and optimal allocation of distributed medical resources.
8． Priority areas for development of the Faculty of Medical Sciences
(1) Research on new mechanisms of common pathology such as development, inflammation, metabolism, microecology, and microenvironment
Main research directions: Focus on the development-aging mechanism, inflammation controllability mechanism, cell metabolism mechanism, microecological local and systemic interaction mechanism, nerve-endocrine-immune network, microenvironmental or lesion area microenvironment characteristics and other common scientific problems in the process of disease occurrence, development, outcome and rehabilitation, providing new perspectives and new intervention strategies for a series of disease processes such as acute failure, autoimmune injury, chronic functional degradation, tissue repair, malignancy and so on of various organs.
(2) Precision research on gene polymorphism, epigenetics and diseases
Main research directions: Using Chinese case resources, through genome-wide association studies, exome deep sequencing and epigenetic analysis, accurate identification of susceptibility sites of various diseases, and strengthening the accurate study of key nodes of molecular networks through the modern disease research strategy of molecule-cell-organ-whole, providing effective candidate targets for disease prevention and treatment.
(3) Research on emerging infectious diseases
Main research directions: strengthen laboratory research such as rapid identification, pathogenic mechanism, immunopathology, vaccine research, therapeutic antibodies and other pathogens of emerging infectious diseases; strengthen the clinical treatment of emerging infectious diseases with new ideas and new strategies; and the strategic research of early warning and emergency prevention and control.
(4) Complex molecular network of tumors, stem cell regulation and its predictive intervention
His main research interests include constructing systemic regulation networks for tumors such as gene transcriptional regulation, cell metabolism and signal transduction networks, and protein interaction networks, revealing the role of network interaction regulation in tumorigenesis and development, studying the molecular mechanisms of tumor stem cells in tumorigenesis and development, recurrence and metastasis, and drug resistance, and clarifying the fine molecular typing of tumors, providing a basis for early tumor prediction, early diagnosis and intervention.
(5) Research and prevention and control of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic diseases
His main research directions include increasing the in-depth systematic, large-scale epidemiological and population intervention research on chronic diseases such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, neuropsychiatric diseases, and degenerative diseases; exploring cutting-edge basic research on early diagnosis and early treatment of chronic diseases and reversing the severeization of diseases.
(6) Immune-related disease mechanisms and new strategies for immunotherapy
His main research directions are to deepen the research on the new mechanism of various organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases, strengthen the study of the immunopathological mechanism of various major diseases (tumors, infectious diseases, organ transplant rejection, etc.), interpret the key role and mechanism of immune homeostasis in the development of diseases, and innovate to explore new ways and strategies of immunotherapy such as various cellular immunotherapy, immune gene therapy, monoclonal antibody targeted therapy, and immune functional protein drugs.
(7) Frontier research on reproduction-development-aging-related diseases
His research interests include perinatal fetal dysplasia (including birth defects) and early prediction of pregnant women's risk of pregnancy diseases; embryonic pathogenesis of chronic diseases in adulthood; frontier research on child development-related diseases (especially neuropsychiatric diseases); biology of important organ aging (e.g., brain aging) and its medical interventions aimed at geriatric comorbid and healthy longevity cohort populations.
(8) Neuropsychiatric disease research based on modern brain science
His research interests include the discovery of key genes and pathogenesis mechanisms for major neuropsychiatric diseases (AD, PD, schizophrenia, depression and autism, etc.), the innovative establishment of molecular typing of specific neuropsychiatric diseases, and a new stem cell therapy strategy based on the new mechanism of endogenous neurogenesis and repair.
(9) Interdisciplinary scientific research on major environmental diseases
Main research directions: make full use of the advantages of the population and the scene, strengthen the exposure omics research of environmental factors (natural, social, psychological, food, occupation, living habits, etc.) to health hazards, pay attention to the comprehensive research and health risk assessment of special environmental factors for endocrine diseases with high incidence diseases (such as air pollution and respiratory diseases, early exposure and birth defects of environmental endocrine interference chemicals, mechanism and prevention of multi-organ dysfunction caused by high/low temperature environment, etc.), and improve research capabilities by closely intersecting with other related disciplines.
(10) Frontier research in first aid, rehabilitation and regenerative medicine
Main research directions: in-depth exploration of the basic scientific issues of first aid and rehabilitation medicine, the creation of new first aid and rehabilitation technology; strengthen the frontier research of regenerative medicine, pay attention to the intersection and transformation of disciplines, and carry out technological improvement under the guidance of new theories in stem cell technology, tissue engineering, biomedical materials, cell therapy, gene therapy, microecological treatment, bone marrow transplantation, organ transplantation, etc.
(11) Research on new theories, new methods and new technologies for personalized drugs
Main research directions: establish a personalized drug screening system based on molecular typing-target, carry out personalized drug design based on gene polymorphism and structural polymorphism, conduct functional evaluation and drug-form characteristics research based on disease animals, clarify the biomarkers of drug efficacy and toxicity, and provide new technologies, new methods and new strategies for the research of personalized drugs.
(12) Research on the modern scientific connotation of Chinese medicine theory and its guiding value for the exploration of Chinese medicine
Main research directions: increase investment in the research of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine; strengthen the combination of symptoms and disease evidence, the basic research of Tibetan elephants and the study of functional mechanisms, meridian research, etc., and dig deep into the modern scientific connotations; deeply analyze the material basis of commonly used Traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, and realize the modernization of Traditional Chinese medicine under the guidance of Traditional Chinese Medicine Theory.
(13) Research on key technologies and translational technologies of personalized medicine
His research interests include establishing a full set of single-cell research systems based on single-cell collection, culture, tracering, and analysis; optimizing the enrichment and in-depth analysis of circulating DNA; improving miniaturized immunoassay technology; developing a bedside diagnostic technology research and development and standardized process system to provide technical means for personalized medical and translational research.
(14) Multi-scale multimodal imaging technology and animal model of disease
Main research directions: independently develop or integrate innovative multi-scale multimodal imaging technology platform to achieve real-time dynamic and accurate visual pathological changes of molecules, organelles, cells and tissues during the development of diseases; use gene manipulation technology to create various disease animals, develop various high-grade animal disease models and create humanized small animal models, and achieve a high degree of cross-integration of animal models and clinical diseases.
(15) Research on innovative diagnosis and treatment technology of intelligent medical engineering
Main research directions: comprehensive cross-application of biomedical, physics, information, engineering materials and other disciplines related research methods, to create and improve the cutting-edge, innovative, practical, inclusive diagnosis and treatment technology and equipment development level, strengthen the research and development and standardization of various technologies, and promote the construction of an independent medical system in the mainland.
(xvii) Priority areas for development across science departments
The priority development areas of the Ministry of Science take the promotion of major breakthroughs in basic science and the service innovation-driven development strategy as the starting point, and condense the interdisciplinary issues with great scientific significance and strategic driving role according to the urgent needs of the mainland's economic, social and scientific and technological development, and provide guidance for the formulation of guidelines for major projects and major research plans and strategic deployment in key areas. The priority development areas of the interdisciplinary science departments include: areas that strive to promote major breakthroughs in expanding new frontiers, creating new knowledge, forming new theories, and developing new methods in mainland basic research; areas that focus on solving deep-seated key scientific problems in the upgrading of the mainland's traditional industries and the development of emerging industries; areas that focus on enhancing the mainland's ability to cope with major global challenges; and areas that focus on safeguarding national security and the mainland's core interests in international competition.
1． A mesoscopic view of the statistical physics and dynamics of soft condensed matter systems
Mesoscopic soft condensed matter systems are broad and deep new intersections involving biological, medical, mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences that extend the understanding of the properties of matter from the original atomic and molecular scales to the mesoscopic scale. To study the connection and characteristics of multi-level structure and complex physical phenomena of soft agglomeration systems, understand and control the principles and technologies of determining the functional complexity of the mesoscopic scale, and provide key foundations and new technology support for human understanding of life phenomena and processes, and the development of accurate diagnostic and medical means.
Core scientific issues: New physical properties and new effects caused by the reduction of the dimension and scale of soft condensed matter systems, regulatory networks such as biological small systems and brain life processes, non-equilibrium statistical physical effects related to active substances; statistical physical theories and methods, quantum fluctuations, quantum phase transitions and quantum heat machines, and equilibrium properties and structural dynamics of systems such as particulate matter, liquid crystals, colloids and water; mechanical properties and information coding of life information molecules (DNA, RNA), proteins and cells, Neural network dynamics and its interactions, biomechanics and force biology mechanisms for the diagnosis and treatment of physiological systems and related diseases, coupling of multiphysiological systems, cross-molecular-cell-tissue biomechanical experiments and modeling simulations.
2． Basic theories, new methods and new technologies for industrial and medical imaging and image processing
Imaging and image processing are the basic means of detecting unattainable objects, internal structures, defects, damages, lesions and so on in the fields of industry, public safety, and medicine. In order to support the needs of typical industrial and public safety detection and major disease diagnosis and treatment, focusing on the research of new principles, new methods, new methods and key technologies of industry, medical imaging and image processing, and realizing information acquisition, processing, reconstruction, transmission, etc., will play an important role in promoting the development of industrial technology, exploring the mechanism of life, disease diagnosis and treatment and health device innovation.
Core scientific issues: New methods for MRI, CT and PET imaging, basic algorithms for multimodal optical imaging, industrial and public safety, and medical image interpretation; new technologies and methods to support accurate diagnosis and treatment imaging, image processing and reconstruction, modeling and optimization, including big data technologies for image analysis and processing; performance of extendable flexible electronic devices, mechanics of natural adhesion between devices and humans/tissues, biocompatibility and mechanical interaction; constitutive relationships and physics in biological media and non-Newtonian fluids, Research on the characteristics of biological information dissemination, new concepts, new methods, and new technologies to obtain more detailed information about life active substances.
3． Dynamic modification and chemical intervention of biological macromolecules
The human body is a complex system composed of more than 200 kinds of trillions of cells, and more and more evidence shows that the genome cannot completely determine the state and fate of cells; in addition, the genome itself, the proteome, and even RNA and polysaccharides are also in a dynamic process of constant change and chemical modification, and the dynamic chemical modification of the biological macromolecules (proteins, nucleic acids and polysaccharides, etc.) that make up living organisms plays a decisive role in the development of organisms, the regulation of cell fate and the formation of diseases. Studying the dynamic processes and mechanisms of chemical modification of biological macromolecules in biological organisms, and chemically intervening and regulating them has important scientific significance and application value for exploring new life processes and discovering new disease diagnosis and treatment methods.
Core scientific issues: Molecular mechanisms of dynamic chemical modification (such as protein post-translational modification and nucleic acid epigenetic modification, etc.) regulating the structure, function and interaction of biological macromolecules; biological significance of dynamic chemical modification of biological macromolecules; probe technology and detection methods of dynamic chemical modification of biological macromolecules; small molecule intervention strategies targeting dynamic chemical modifications of biological macromolecules; modification and biological functionalization of exogenous (chemically synthesized) biological macromolecules.
4． Chiral substances are precisely created
Chirality is a fundamental property of nature, existing at all levels of matter, from elementary particles to the universe. The exploration of the origin of chirality, the precise creation of chiral substances and the discovery of functions have become cutting-edge scientific problems in the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, materials and information; the study of the special interaction between chiral matter and light will also provide a new vision for the functionalization of chiral substances; revealing the essential laws of chiral induction and transmission, control and amplification, which is of great scientific significance for the development of new theories of chiral science and technology, the realization of the precise creation of chiral substances and the endowment of new functions, and will promote the solution of the country's efforts in medicine, Significant demand for adversarial substances in areas such as materials.
Core scientific issues: The high efficiency and high selectivity of the precise creation of chiral substances; the orderliness and controllability of the preparation of macroscopic chiral materials; the molecular basis of the performance regulation of chiral functional materials; and the biological effects of chiral molecules.
5． Systematic integration study of cell function realization
Cells are the basic units of life composed of complex biological macromolecules (complexes) and subcellular structures (organelles). Previous research has mainly focused on single components or single organelles, but with the accumulation of large-scale data in omics, the application of information theory, and the intersection and integration of chemical and engineering sciences, it is possible to systematically, integrate, and cross-scale study the functions and interaction mechanisms of different components and structures within cells. The systematic integration of cell function is based on the identification and understanding of all components in the cell, depicting the system structure of the cell, including the interaction system between the biological macromolecular interaction network and the intracellular substructure, constructing a preliminary cell system model, and revising and refining the model through continuous setting and implementation of new intervention experiments, and finally obtaining an ideal model so that its theoretical prediction can reflect the system function and authenticity of the cell. The systematic integration of cell function realization is of great significance for the future development of artificial cells, synthetic life and the development of new biological industries such as cell factories and cell theories, such as cell factories and cell therapy, to better interpret the growth and development mechanisms of tissues, organs and individuals, and to effectively carry out disease prevention and treatment and crop production.
Core scientific issues: Interaction and network regulation between multiple organelles; interaction and regulation of biological macromolecules (complexes) and subcellular structures in cytoplasm; mechanical mechanisms in organelle morphology generation and maintenance; cell models and simulations for cell function prediction and interpretation; artificial design principles and construction of organelle and subcellular structures.
6． Microbial-driven mechanisms of the biogeochemical cycle of chemical elements
Among the various life forms on earth, microbial types are the most diverse, most widely distributed, and the most abundant ways of survival and metabolism, playing a key driving role in the biogeochemical cycle. Through metabolic activities such as photosynthesis, respiration and nitrogen fixation, microorganisms change the valence state of the earth's elements, promote the weathering of mineral rocks, soil and mineral deposit formation, mediate the transformation of marine element components and seabed sediments, affect the composition of the ocean and atmosphere, and promote the co-evolution of the earth and life. Due to the limitations of technical methods, more than 99% of the microorganisms accounting for more than 99% of the total number have not yet been cultured, and the fundamental role of microorganisms, especially uncultured microorganisms, in the geochemical element cycle is still poorly understood. Study the microbial communities and structure, ecological characteristics, functional taxonomy abundance and space change law of microorganisms in typical environments such as oceans and hydrothermal outlets, elaborate the regulatory mechanisms of various processes such as carbon capture and release/denitrification under the conditions of temperature, ocean currents and other factors, reveal the genetic and metabolic diversity of microorganisms, the biogeochemical cycle process of key elements, coupling mechanism and driving mode, and help elucidate the important elements of microorganisms in the earth (carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, Phosphorus et al.) in the biogeochemical cycle of the driving mechanism.
Core scientific issues: The relationship between the structure of typical environmental microbial communities and elemental circulation; the role of microbial substance metabolism pathways on elemental circulation; the mechanism of microbial energy conversion and its coupling with elemental circulation; the environmental adaptation and response mechanism of key microorganisms (groups) driving elemental circulation.
7． Geoscience big data and earth system knowledge discovery
With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the observation and detection capabilities of human beings on the earth have been greatly improved, and the amount of observation data has increased into a power law. The massive static and dynamic data involved in exploring the earth is a kind of spatio-temporal big data, with typical multi-source, multi-dimensional, multi-class, multi-volume, multi-scale, multi-temporal and multi-theme characteristics, which also contains a large number of non-relational, unstructured and semi-structured data. Structural reconstruction, correlation analysis, and geoscience modeling of discrete data from different sources, different acquisition methods, different structures and different formats in the field of earth science will accelerate the integration of geological knowledge, deepen the understanding and understanding of the earth system, and is expected to trigger a change in the way earth science research is conducted.
Core scientific issues: 3D spatial analysis and spatio-temporal data mining method system, geoscience big data regularization reconstruction, geoscience big data correlation analysis and statistical prediction, fast, dynamic and fine all-information 3D geoscience modeling method, 3D geospatial spatial data structure model, multi-dimensional spatio-temporal big data organization, management and dynamic indexing, geoscience big data computing theory, technical methods and knowledge discovery, resource and environment spatial pattern and its change detection.
8． The formation mechanism of major disasters and their mitigation measures
The mainland is a developing country with frequent natural disasters, with many kinds of disasters, wide distribution, high frequency and complex disaster situations. Natural disasters that have a major impact on the mainland's economic construction and social development mainly include meteorological disasters, earthquake disasters, geological disasters, marine disasters, and ecological disasters. In-depth study of the mechanism of disaster caused by disaster events, the law of disaster development and their interaction with human activities, effective prevention and control of natural disasters, and minimization of disaster losses are of great significance to ensuring the sustainable development of the mainland's economy and society. The major scientific issues involved in the formation mechanism of major disasters and their mitigation countermeasures urgently need to strengthen multidisciplinary interdisciplinary cooperation, carry out systematic and comprehensive innovative research, and form a multidisciplinary interdisciplinary research team.
Core scientific issues: Incubation environment, occurrence mechanism and prediction exploration of strong earthquakes; mechanism of volcanic genesis and disaster and environmental effects of continental activities; disaster formation mechanism of major landslides, mudslides and other disaster events; formation mechanism of extreme meteorological disasters; formation mechanism of flood and drought and marine disaster risks; mechanism of major engineering activities and disaster-causing mechanisms; induction, formation and disaster chain of different types of natural disasters; interaction between human activities and natural disasters; monitoring, early warning and risk assessment of major disasters.
9． New functional materials and devices
New functional materials are the use of new phenomena, new effects, new laws of physics and chemistry to obtain materials with specific functions such as light, electricity, magnetism, heat, chemistry and biochemistry, mainly involving information materials, energy materials, biomedical materials, catalytic materials and environmental materials. New functional materials and devices are the frontier research fields of materials, physics, chemistry, life, medicine, energy and environment, etc., and are the most active research areas in the field of materials science, with rich disciplinary connotations to be tapped, and related research progress will be of fundamental significance to the development of new material technologies and the promotion of national industrial upgrading.
Core scientific issues: New phenomena and new mechanisms of functional materials; Multi-hierarchical table interface regulation of functional materials and devices; Macro preparation and defect control of new functional materials; Physical mechanisms, device models and failure principles affecting the efficiency of energy conversion/storage materials; Controllable preparation principles, stability, new physical properties and new effects of information detection, transmission, calculation and storage of functional materials and devices; Design, manufacture and reliability of key materials in flexible electronic technology; Mechanism of functional regulation of catalytic materials, Theory and method of preparation and design of new catalytic materials; the functionality, compatibility and service life of new materials for high-performance biomedical diagnosis, replacement and repair, treatment, and drug carriers; and the calculation basis of materials for different functional characteristics.
10． Key basic scientific issues in the ecological security of urban water systems
With the rapid development of urbanization and the intensification of environmental pollution, the urban water environment is deteriorating day by day, and the problems such as urban water shortage and rain and flooding are also becoming more and more serious, and the ecological security of urban water systems is facing severe challenges. At present, the theory, method and technical system of urban water environmental protection with conventional pollutant control as the core can no longer meet the actual needs of sustainable urban ecological security and human health, and there is an urgent need for multidisciplinary intersection of engineering, chemistry, biology, geoscience and management sciences. Taking the integrity protection and restoration of urban water ecosystem as the core, we will deeply study the basic theoretical issues such as pollution control, deep purification and recycling of sewage, ecological storage and water environment restoration, ecological toxicology and health, and urban water system planning and management; break through the process mechanism of water quality change and ecosystem response and interaction to solve the problem of ecological risk control of urban water system; build a new model of virtuous cycle of urban water storage, transportation and utilization, and create a theoretical and technical system for ecological security and risk control of urban water system.
Core scientific issues: Interaction and regulation mechanism between aquatic ecosystems and changes in water quality and quantity; hazard mechanism of pollutant co-exposure processes on urban water biomes and sensitive species; theories and methods of urban water environment health and safety and ecological restoration based on ecological integrity; changes in material and energy flow and dynamic models of urban water systems in multiple cycles; risk control principles and approaches of ecological storage and multi-scale circulation of urban reclaimed water; and comprehensive guarantee strategies for sustainable and healthy urban water systems.
11． Interaction mechanism and application of electromagnetic waves with complex targets/environments
With the rapid development of computational electromagnetic theory and method research, it has become possible to accurately quantify and study the physical principles and related laws of electromagnetic waves interacting with the target/environment through numerical simulation. Corresponding numerical simulation and theoretical estimation can provide a solid theoretical foundation for the detection and identification of targets in complex environments, the exploration and development of underground resources, the acquisition of information in the geological, sea, air and space environments, electromagnetic stealth design and electromagnetic countermeasure research and other technology research and development, stimulate new research ideas and through the development and application of accurate and efficient numerical simulation and theoretical estimation tools, and promote the development and development of related technologies to produce new leaps in quality and level.
Core scientific issues: Modeling of electromagnetic scattering characteristics of targets with large and multi-scale complex structures of superelectricity; Modeling of composite electromagnetic scattering characteristics of complex structural targets in the background of ground-air and sea-air subspace; Research on accurate and efficient theoretical modeling and numerical calculation methods with universality; Electromagnetic scattering and fusion methods with deterministic target electromagnetic scattering models in random time-varying environments (such as rough ground and sea surface); Spatial selectivity and adaptive focusing methods in low-frequency near-field detection of layered media; Mathematical model verification in large-scale trusted electromagnetic calculations 2. Verification and evaluation; inversion interpretation model of electromagnetic detection in non-uniform media, convergence of global constraint conditions and reconciliation, and confidence analysis of solution.
12． Ultra-fast optics and ultra-powerful laser technology
Ultra-strong and ultra-short lasers can create unprecedented strong field ultra-fast comprehensive extreme physical conditions. Based on the ultra-strong ultra-short laser and the ultrafast X-rays, g-rays, electron beams, ion beams and neutron beams produced by it, it can carry out cutting-edge scientific research such as atsecond science, atomic and molecular physics, ultrafast chemistry, high-energy density physics, extreme condition materials science, laboratory astrophysics, relativistic optics, strong field quantum electrodynamics, etc., and can also promote the innovative development of laser fusion energy, benchtop high-energy particle acceleration, radiation medicine, precision measurement and other strategic high-tech fields.
Core scientific issues: Facing the major needs of laser fusion, laser acceleration, atassecond (10-18s) science, break through the bottleneck problem of improving the peak power, focusability, repetition rate and electro-optical conversion efficiency of ultra-short lasers, and strive to achieve 1016W laser peak power and 1023W/cm2 laser focusing intensity; develop new band ultra-short laser and ultra-high flux laser amplification technology such as mid-infrared; and develop new frontiers of ultra-fast nonlinear optics such as atsecond nonlinear optics. Including high photon energy and very short pulse width atassecond pulse generation and diagnosis, ultrafast spectroscopy and ultrafast imaging. Develop new laser and optical functional materials and components that can support ultra-high peak power and ultra-wide bandwidth, new band ultra-strong ultra-short lasers, and ultra-high failure thresholds.
13． Major equipment manufacturing management innovation in the Internet and emerging information technology environment
As a high-end field of manufacturing, major equipment manufacturing concentrates the intensive points of high-tech and advanced management models, and is one of the leading industries in industrialized countries. In the context of deepening the reform of the mainland's economic system and promoting the adjustment of the industrial structure, we should make full use of the opportunities brought by the big data of the Internet, closely combine the practice of the mainland's complex equipment manufacturing project management, and carry out innovative research on the management of complex equipment manufacturing projects in the new information technology environment, which has important theoretical significance and practical value for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, promoting industrial transformation and upgrading, and ensuring national economic security and national defense security.
Core scientific issues: complex equipment manufacturing engineering management methodology, complex equipment manufacturing engineering management mode innovation, major equipment development, production and remanufacturing process management, major equipment manufacturing supply chain management manufacturing quality and reliability management.
14． Research on urban management and decision-making methods in the process of urbanization
The process of urbanization includes various factors in economic and social development, involving multi-sectoral and multi-industry big data resource sharing and collaborative decision-making. In the process of urban/transportation/land/industry/environment planning, there are problems of cross-departmental, cross-regional and interdisciplinary overall decision-making, and there is an urgent need for top-level strategic design and methodology research. At the same time, under the background of the era of big data, new opportunities and challenges have emerged in the process of new urbanization, such as the theory and practice paradigm of urban management decision-making, resource allocation and innovative development. The research on the driving mechanism, evolution mechanism, planning method and management countermeasures in the process of new urbanization is of great scientific value for promoting the coordinated development of economic, land, transportation, industry, population and environment.
Core scientific issues: Regional industrial structure evolution model, urbanization driving mechanism, urban collaboration theory and method under the orientation of new urbanization, decision-making theory research on rational population agglomeration and organic evacuation, and comprehensive transportation network resource allocation in the process of urbanization.
15． Translational medicine research from the mechanisms of aging to geriatrics
The rapid aging of the population and the high incidence of chronic diseases in the elderly are increasingly serious social problems in the world. Geriatrics covers the basic research of aging, the phenotypic characteristics of aging, its delay and intervention, and the clinical transformation of the prevention and control of chronic diseases in the elderly, and is an international frontier hot discipline. In recent years, scientists at home and abroad have made breakthroughs in the study of aging mechanism, clinical phenotype and aging-related diseases. With the rapid development of technologies and research methods in the fields of biology, genomics, and information science, as well as the continuous in-depth integration with medicine, multidisciplinary interdisciplinary and geriatric research based on aging mechanisms will become an effective way to understand and prevent major chronic diseases of the elderly. Give full play to the mainland's international parallel advantages in the field of basic research on aging, make use of the continent's rich population and clinical resources, characteristic natural medicines, non-human primates and other disease models to carry out geriatric translational medicine research, and strive to achieve major breakthroughs in this field and achieve international leadership.
Core scientific issues: Research on the biological mechanism of aging system, tissue and organ aging, degeneration and lesion mechanism, and aging-related clinical phenotypic characteristics; establish primate models, characteristic population cohorts and databases of aging and related elderly chronic diseases, and use them to carry out mechanism research; human aging and health big data collection, analysis and application based on wearable devices and mobile medical technology; early diagnosis and targeted treatment of aging and related diseases; and establishment of standardized aging evaluation system Small molecule drug research based on key links of aging mechanism and evaluation of intervention effects for related diseases.
16． Precision medicine research based on new models of disease data acquisition and integration
With the breakthrough and popularization and application of high-throughput, high-specificity and high-sensitivity gene sequencing technology, various single-cell single-molecule analysis technologies, various omics technologies, various chemical probe tracer technologies, multi-purpose broad-spectrum high-speed biochip technology, etc., medical research has entered the era of parallel integration of big data and precision, and will gradually achieve the goals of quantitative medicine, systematic medicine and medical informatization, and greatly improve the dependence on mathematical models, information analysis, chemical materials, electronic device design and other theories and technologies. Close intersection and a high degree of integration of these disciplines are needed to make substantial progress.
Core scientific issues: In terms of big data acquisition, high-throughput, high-specificity, high-sensitivity gene sequencing, single-cell sequencing, epigenetic lineage and molecular network detection, NcRNA determination, various proteomics, metabolomics, organ tissue localization quantitative parallel data mining and other related theories and cutting-edge technology re-innovation, as well as the improvement of massive data acquisition methods such as biochips, tandem mass spectrometry, and chemical probes that can be applied to medical testing, Standardized acquisition of molecular population spectrum big data of large-scale prospective clinical cohorts and large-scale sub-healthy populations of various diseases, acquisition, classification and storage of individualized medical information, big data integration and database construction of medical information systems; establishment of mathematical models of system integration in terms of big data analysis, model analysis of single or multiple pathway molecular dynamic networks, modular simulation of common disease mechanisms or single diseases, multi-target drug design based on network pharmacology, data integration and pre-plan derivation of individualized disease diagnosis and treatment, Digital early warning model of major disease occurrence and epidemic, deduction of time and space nodes of prevention and control, construction of medical information system, data transmission and accurate analysis, etc.
Source: National Natural Science Foundation of China.