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The content of this issue is the thirty-third question in the "Hundred Questions on the Study and Counseling of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Nineteenth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China": How to understand the main contradiction in mainland society in the new period is the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production?
The "Resolution" points out that in the new period of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, "the Party has made it clear that the main contradiction in mainland society is the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production."
First, the party's clarification of the main contradictions in mainland society in the new period is a profound summation of important lessons and lessons learned in the party's history. During the period of the new-democratic revolution, our Party correctly analyzed the overall situation of social contradictions in semi-colonial and semi-feudal China, firmly grasped the contradictions between the Chinese and the people and imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucratic capitalism and their concrete manifestations in different periods, formulated the general line of the new-democratic revolution and a series of principles and policies, and won the victory of the new-democratic revolution. After the founding of New China, especially after the establishment of the basic socialist system on the mainland, the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly pointed out that the main contradiction in the country is already the contradiction between the people's need for rapid economic and cultural development and the current situation in which the economy and culture cannot meet the people's needs, and the main task of the people of the whole country is to concentrate on developing the social productive forces, realizing the industrialization of the country, and gradually meeting the growing material and cultural needs of the people. However, due to insufficient experience in socialist construction and insufficient understanding of the law of economic development and the basic situation of China's economy, the correct thesis of the Eighth National Congress of the Party has not been upheld, and the Party has made twists and turns in the process of exploring the road of socialist construction, resulting in ten years of civil strife in the "Great Cultural Revolution," causing the Party, the State, and the people to suffer the most serious setbacks and losses since the founding of New China, and the lessons are extremely painful. Practice has proved that whether or not the cause of the party and the state can develop smoothly is closely linked to whether our party can accurately understand and grasp the main contradictions in society in line with the changes in social and historical conditions and whether it can formulate a correct political line and strategic tactics on this basis.
Second, the thesis on the main contradictions in mainland society in the new period was put forward on the basis of scientific analysis and grasping the basic national conditions of the mainland. From the perspective of social production, after the founding of New China, the mainland basically realized the public ownership of the means of production, established an independent and relatively complete industrial system and national economic system, markedly changed the conditions for agricultural production, and made great progress in education, science, culture, public health, and sports. However, socialist construction on the mainland began in a poor and backward agricultural country with a large population and a weak foundation; there is still a relatively large gap between the level of economic development, science and technology, national education, and cultural quality compared with that of developed countries, and the social productive forces are relatively backward. From the perspective of social needs, from the founding of New China to the reform and opening up, although the living standards of urban and rural residents improved significantly, due to the relative backwardness of the social productive forces at that time, the people's living standards were still not high on the whole, and in 1978, about 250 million people did not solve the problem of food and clothing, and the people had strong expectations and requirements for living a good life and a rich life. It is precisely on the basis of seeking truth from facts and analyzing the economic, political, cultural, and social conditions on the mainland at that time that our party has made it clear that in the new period ," "the main contradiction in mainland society is the contradiction between the people's growing material and cultural needs and backward social production." This was a scientific conclusion that conformed to the actual and historical orientation of the mainland's development at that time. In 1982, the content of the main contradictions in society in the new period was written into the Party Constitution adopted by the Twelfth National Congress of the Party.
Third, the clarification of the main contradictions in mainland society in the new period has effectively guided the overall work of the party and the state. The main contradictions in mainland society in the new period have been clarified, and the main tasks of the party in this period have been clarified. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "The level of development of our productive forces is very low, and it is far from being able to meet the needs of the people and the country; this is the main contradiction in our present period, and resolving this main contradiction is our central task. On the basis of correctly understanding and grasping the main contradictions in mainland society, our party has judged the hour and sized up the situation, put forward the goal of a moderately prosperous society, formed the party's basic line in the initial stage of socialism, and gradually put forward and formed a whole set of principles and policies for promoting reform, opening up, and socialist modernization in the new period, thus successfully creating, upholding, defending, and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Source: Party History Study and Education
Contributed by the Propaganda Department of Huaibei Women's Federation
Submission address: [email protected]
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