I found an article titled "Suixi's Female Martial Arts Training to Do Big Shoes and Run Education", published in 1948 Tian Jia [Vol. 14, No. 16, p. 11]. For the matter of the female martial arts training Liu Yingshi to run education, this is a rare and precious historical material.
However, the study of this material, compared with several other materials, also found some problems that need to be continued to investigate:
1) Liu Yingshi's age problem and asset problem
"Tian Jia" shows that Liu Yingshi was 51 years old in 1948.
Inconsistent with this. Liu Yingshi, given in the Baidu entry, was born in 1901 and is 47 years old.
Han Yunqin teacher article, Liu Yingshi was born in 1886, then 62 years old.
In addition, "Tian Jia" gives the information that Liu Yingshi is actually divorced, which to a certain extent can also explain that she can completely make her own decisions and handle family property to run a school. Liu Yingshi's school funds are based on his own land reclamation and the accumulation of big shoes in winter. "Tian Jia" is a professional media dedicated to rural affairs, and the information in this regard is very detailed: three acres of land, 180 yuan of the current ocean, and more than a dozen dairy cows.
2) The issue of school running time
The "Tian Jia" article shows that Liu Yingshi's mother fell ill in the 28th year of the Republic of China, and Liu Yingshi ran the school in the second year, so it was the 29th year of the Republic of China, that is, 1940.
Baidu Entry's Liu Yingshi was running the school in 1938, and the name of the hired teacher was Mr. Peng Chengshi.
Han Yunqin teacher article, Liu Yingshi school time is running school time is September 1938, the name of the hired teacher is Mr. Peng Chengyi, and Baidu entry has a word difference.
3) The scale of the school
The "Tian Jia" article shows that in the thirty-fourth year of the Republic of China, that is, in 1945, there were 4 grades and more than 100 students. Textbooks are modern textbooks rather than private schools. There are already government-run schools that need to divert some students from Liu Yingshi School. However, incessant school students still rank among the best.
Baidu entry description, 1946, 3 grades, more than 50 students.
Teacher Han Yunqin's article describes that in 1946, there were more than eighty students in Liu Yingshi School.
4) Help-seeking process
In 1946, there were difficulties in Liu Yingshi's school, and in this regard, the three sources of information such as "Tian Jia", Baidu, and Han Teacher's articles were very consistent. "Tian Jia" pointed out that the Yingshi School was already in danger of closing its doors in May, so it went to Sui for help.
The process described in "Tian Jia" is detailed, that is, Liu Yingshi first asked the Guisui Education Department for help, and the Guisui Education Department responded to her and allocated her 200,000 yuan (legal tender), which made her greatly disappointed. When she was preparing to return to Baotou, the reporter found out about her and reported it.
Neither Baidu Nor Teacher Han Yunqin described liu Yingshi's request for help from the Guisui Education Department. Baidu entry believes that Liu Yingshi took the initiative to find the newspaper, which is doubtful. If Liu Yingshi had taken the initiative to find a newspaper, in fact, there was already a branch of struggle daily in Baotou at that time (Mr. Liu Yingyuan described that Fu Zuoyi's troops published the front page of struggle daily within three days after receiving Baotou from the Japanese army in 1945), and she did not have to seek far. Her route should be Dayou Township - Anbei County - Baotou - Guisui, in Baotou to ask for help from the newspaper, you can walk 300 miles less, so the Department of Education should be more credible. It is more reasonable to turn to the education authorities for help.
5) The chain of transmission triggers donation activities
"Tian Jia" described that after the newspaper report, which triggered social sympathy and assistance, the private primary school invited her to speak and enthusiastically launched the kneeling donation campaign, and the social donation reached 2 million French yuan. After this, Fu Zuoyi paid attention to this matter.
The path described by "Tian Jia" is: newspaper reports - social sympathy - initiation of aid donations - primary school invitation speeches - mass kneeling donation campaign - Fu Zuoyi's attention.
Baidu entry is relatively simple, the path is: newspaper report - Fu Zuoyi concern.
Teacher Han Yunqin's article does not mention Fu Zuoyi's concern, but mentions Zhang Yuanji's concern, and Zhang Yuanji's push to ask Zhu Jiahua, the minister of education of the Republic of China, to understand the matter, to some extent explains the incident of Zhu Jiahua's commendation of Liu Yingshi. In addition, it is mentioned that "Guisui set off a wave of donations to fund education, which lasted for more than a month". This can be reflected in the information of "Tian Jia". So many activities take time.
The path described by teacher Han Yunqin is:
Newspaper reports -- Broad social sympathy in northern Xinjiang in the southern country -- (southern country) Zhang Yuanji wrote to the newspaper - Zhang Yuanji wrote to Zhu Jiahua - Zhu Jiahua later presented a plaque.
Newspaper reports — widespread social sympathy in northern Xinjiang — (Northern Xinjiang) Guisui set off a wave of donations to fund education, which lasted for more than a month — and the provincial government allocated funds to fund it.
6) Follow-up
The author of the "Tian Jia" article is a reporter from a year-end inspection mission. The site inspected Liu Yingshi Primary School and saw that Liu Yingshi used funds to purchase and plant trees as a school fund. Liu Yingshi himself was elected to the Senate and became a well-known figure in the local area.
The Baidu Encyclopedia article explored the possible problems of fiat currency in that year, and it seems that Liu Yingshi has solved this problem by planting trees.
Teacher Han Yunqin described liu Yingshi's ideological improvement and vision improvement.
brief summary
In addition to the positive significance of the characters themselves, Liu Yingshi's problem of running a school reflects the living conditions and social conditions of rural peasants in Inner Mongolia from the side, and also provides an important case for the impact of newspapers and periodicals in that year, especially in the aspect of education and fundraising.
Although we found the article "Tian Jia" and the article of Teacher Han Yunqin, we have not found more important information - the "Suixi Female Martial Arts Interview" of the "Struggle Daily" that year, nor the article of the "News Daily" that attracted Zhang Yuanji's attention. The collection, collation and analysis of these basic materials will further locate the information conflicts in several existing descriptions of this matter.
Attached: The situation of the newspaper "Tian Jia"
Founded on August 15, 1934 at Qilu University in Jinan, Shandong Province, it is a semi-monthly magazine edited by Sun Xueyan, edited by Tianjia Half-Monthly Newspaper, and distributed by the Text Department of the North China Christian Rural Cause Promotion Association. Due to the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the journal moved to Changsha, Hunan in October 1937, and to Chengdu, Sichuan in October 1938. After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the journal ended its seven years in exile in Sichuan (five years in Chengdu and two in Chongqing) and moved to Beiping for publication, with a communications office located in the Chinese Christian Church at No. 50, Gulou West, Beiping. The official final publication of Tian Jia was in December 1957.
When "Tian Jia" was published in Beijing, it advocated "speaking for the truth, making a voice for justice, opening up the heavens with faith and righteousness, and opening up the land with science", including propagating Christian doctrine to the peasants, introducing major events at home and abroad, and popularizing scientific and cultural knowledge. The columns are set up with speech, news, agriculture, religion, common sense, health, literature and art, women and children, and reader mailboxes, and through the popularization of cultural knowledge, the effect of "the Tian family does not go out, they know the world's affairs". As a Christian rural publication, the religious atmosphere of the journal is not so strong, focusing on the needs of peasants in rural areas, going deep into the people and getting close to people's lives. In the "Speech" section, the journal mainly disseminates Christian doctrine, publishing the gospel of Jesus, the blood of Jesus, how to thank God, etc., and this column is edited by Sun Xueyan. The "News" section publishes rural news and major events in the half month, reports on the life of peasants in the past half month, as well as political innovation, economic dynamics, military operations, and the whereabouts of important figures throughout the country, and also publishes a lot of foreign news news, which is an important feedback on the political and social life of the people's livelihood in Beijing during this period.
"Tian Jia" was a popular newspaper during the Republic of China period, and once recorded a huge circulation, which shows the great influence of the newspaper. The journal played a positive role in promoting rural construction and ideological enlightenment after the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.