How to measure the level of development of a city? GDP is certainly the number one indicator. Because of this, the ranking and promotion of GDP has always attracted much attention.
With the release of annual economic operation data in various places, the seats of China's top 100 cities with GDP in 2021 will be scheduled.
From the perspective of regional distribution, the top 100 cities are distributed in 27 provinces, autonomous regions and cities, of which 11 cities in Shandong are on the list.
24 "trillion club" >>>
The four echelons of the "first camp" of Chinese cities
GDP reached trillions, an important leap of magnitude for a city.
In 2020, it became the most advanced city in history to the GDP trillion club, and six cities in Jiangsu, Nantong, Quanzhou, Fujian, Fuzhou, Anhui, Xi'an in Shaanxi and Jinan in Shandong province successfully advanced.
Image source: Visual China
Originally, Dongguan was expected to sprint trillions of success in 2020. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, Dongguan's economic aggregate increased from more than 600 billion yuan to 965 billion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of more than 6.5%, and the economic growth rate in 2017, 2018 and 2019 reached 8.1%, 8.1% and 7.4% respectively, but due to the epidemic situation, in 2020, as the second largest foreign trade export city in Guangdong Province, Dongguan's annual foreign trade exports fell by 3.2% year-on-year, and the annual economic growth rate of Dongguan in this year was only 1.1%, with a loss of 35 billion yuan.
In 2021, Dongguan's total economic output is expected to exceed one trillion yuan, successfully advancing, and the number of trillion cities in the mainland has increased to 24. Guangdong has four cities with trillions of GDP, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Foshan and Dongguan.
More emblematic than Dongguan's promotion is that Beijing has become the first city in China to officially declare a GDP of 4 trillion yuan, and Shanghai's GDP in 2021 will exceed 4 trillion yuan, which makes the "first camp" of Chinese cities form four echelons with obvious gradients: one is the "four trillion club" dominated by Beijing and Shanghai; one is the cities of Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Chongqing and Suzhou that are going to the "3 trillion club", and the other is Chengdu and Hangzhou, two cities that are expected to impact the "2 trillion club" One is Wuhan, Nanjing, Tianjin, Ningbo, Qingdao, Wuxi, Changsha, Zhengzhou, Foshan, Quanzhou, Jinan, Hefei, Nantong, Xi'an, Fuzhou, Dongguan as the main city, in the "trillion club" continues to grow.
In the fierce urban race, in the past five years, the threshold of China's top ten cities has been raised from 1 trillion to 1.5 trillion.
Qingdao >>>
The total amount jumped to 1.4 trillion+ and ranked 13th in the country
In the first year of the "14th Five-Year Plan", what kind of report card did Qingdao's economy hand over? Previously, the Municipal Government Information Office held a press conference to introduce the economic operation of Qingdao in 2021: According to the results of the unified accounting of the municipal GDP, the city's GDP for the whole year of 2021 was 1413.646 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3% over the previous year and an average growth of 6.0% in two years.
Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 47.006 billion yuan, an increase of 6.7% over the previous year, an average growth of 4.6% in two years; the added value of the secondary industry was 507.033 billion yuan, an increase of 6.9% over the previous year, an average growth of 4.9% in two years; the added value of the tertiary industry was 859.607 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% over the previous year, and an average growth of 6.6% in two years.
"The economic recovery has achieved remarkable results, the resilience and vitality of development have continued to be highlighted, and the overall development trend has been strengthened in stability and stable and good." Liu Qitao, secretary of the party group and director of the Municipal Bureau of Statistics, said that in 2021, the whole city will fully implement the important instructions and requirements of General Secretary Xi Jinping for The work of Shandong and Qingdao, coordinate the prevention and control of the epidemic and economic and social development, and do a solid job in the "six stability" and "six guarantees" work. ”
How do you view this report card correctly?
Look at the total amount, focus on the national coordinate system, and compare with similar cities -
In the "GDP trillion club", in 2020, the five cities of Ningbo, Qingdao, Wuxi, Changsha and Zhengzhou will rise to "1200 billion +", and the total GDP gap of the five cities is only 40.57 billion yuan, the gap between them is very small, and the competition is abnormal.
In 2021, all localities will continue to exert efforts in the overall planning of epidemic prevention and control and economic and social development, the characteristics of "stability" of economic development will continue to consolidate, the momentum of economic operation "advancement" will continue to accumulate, and the GDP of various cities will compete to break through important thresholds.
As of press time, the data released by the reporter shows that in 2021, the GDP ranking of the five cities has not changed from last year, and Qingdao still ranks 13th in the country.
However, the total GDP of Ningbo, Qingdao and Wuxi all jumped to "1,400 billion +", reaching 1,459.49 billion yuan, 1,413.646 billion yuan and 1,400.324 billion yuan respectively. Zhengzhou's GDP is 1,269.102 billion yuan, still maintaining "1,200 billion +". Officials estimate that Changsha's GDP is about 1.33 trillion yuan, and it will be upgraded to "1.3 trillion +".
This means that the total GDP gap between the five cities is further widening compared with 2020, with the largest gap of 190.388 billion yuan, which is 4.7 times that of 2020.
The sense of urgency of "not advancing is retreating, and slow progress is also retreating" is evident from the comparison of data from the fierce competition between cities.
Look at the increment, focus on the base effect, objectively analyze the growth rate fluctuations ——
18%, 13.8%, 10.7%, 8.3%, if only from the absolute value, the cumulative growth rate of Qingdao's GDP in the four quarters of 2021 is gradually slowing down. However, compared with the cumulative growth rate of -7.1%, 0.1%, 2.2% and 3.7% in the same period of 2020, affected by the low base effect of the same period last year, the trend of "high before and low after" is also expected.
It is undeniable that the century-old changes are intertwined with the epidemic situation of the century, the development environment is complex and severe, and the fluctuation of growth rate reflects the hardships and difficulties of sailing against the wind to a certain extent. Put it into longer-term coordinates to observe, the average growth rate of 6.0% in two years is faster than the national (5.1%), the province (5.9%) 0.9 and 0.1 percentage points, Qingdao's economy as a whole still maintains a stable and reinforced, stable and good development trend.
It is particularly noteworthy that Qingdao's GDP growth will reach 173.59 billion yuan in 2021. The reporter checked the data of the calendar years since 2000 and found that the highest annual increment in Qingdao was close to 90 billion yuan. The annual increase in 2021 not only broke through the historical mark of 100 billion yuan in one fell swoop, but also surpassed the sum of the previous two consecutive years of increments, such achievements are really dazzling, showing the "resilience" of Qingdao's economic development.
Jinan >>>
Ranked 18th among trillion cities and ranked one in the country
The reporter learned from the Jinan Municipal Bureau of Statistics that according to the unified accounting results of the municipal GDP, the city's GDP in 2021 will be 1,143.222 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2% year-on-year, and an average growth of 6% in two years. In recent years, the mainland has made earth-shaking changes in economic trade, compared with 2020, what new members have been added to the "trillion club" of urban GDP across the country? Standing in the second year of entering the trillion club, what new developments has Jinan ushered in?
From the perspective of total GDP and growth rate, in 2021, The total GDP of Shanghai, China's trillion GDP city, is the highest, reaching 4321.485 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 8.1%, of which the total GDP of Jinan is 1143.222 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 7.2%. In 2020, Shanghai's total GDP was 3,870.058 billion yuan, a growth rate of 1.7%, of which Jinan's total GDP was 1,014.091 billion yuan, a growth rate of 4.9%.
Above trillions, a new high. In 2020, Jinan successfully qualified for the "trillion club", and the GDP report card in 2021 is even more eye-catching. In the second year of entering the "trillion club", In 2021, Jinan ranked 18th in the country with a total GDP of 1143.232 billion yuan, one place earlier than the 19th place in 2020, which is another remarkable achievement after Jinan entered the "Top 20 List" of national GDP for the first time in 2019.
Jinan City showed the "report card" of economic operation in 2021 to help "pick up the steps". In 2021, the city's GDP was 1,143.222 billion yuan. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 40.877 billion yuan, an increase of 7.1% year-on-year, an average growth of 4.6% in two years; the added value of the secondary industry was 396.406 billion yuan, an increase of 3.6% year-on-year, an average growth of 5.3% in two years; the added value of the tertiary industry was 705.939 billion yuan, an increase of 9.2% year-on-year, and an average growth of 6.4% in two years. The city's economic operation has achieved stability and improvement, the quantity and quality have risen together, and high-quality development has achieved new results. Behind Jinan's bright answer sheet, it highlights the background of economic development and the innovative spirit of seeking innovation and change.
What's the mystery? In agriculture, the total grain output reached 2.931 million tons, an increase of 0.8%; in terms of industry, Jinan deeply implemented the development strategy of "industrial strong city", and the added value of industries above designated size increased by 5.9%, and the average growth rate of 9.0% in two years. Shandong's "first core" - 8-inch high-power semiconductor smoothly passed the line, the first subway train of "Made in Jinan" rolled off the line, industrial robots and optical cables increased by 25.6% and 68.7% respectively, photovoltaic cells doubled, and high-end equipment manufacturing industry made new breakthroughs; the total number of market entities in Jinan exceeded 1.4 million, the number of listed enterprises reached 50, the new third board enterprises reached 115, the national "specialized special new" small giant enterprises 35, 81 settled in the world's top 500 enterprises, 52 central enterprises...
Overall, Jinan has effectively responded to the downward pressure on the economy, the main macro indicators are in a reasonable range, and the economy has achieved stable and healthy economic growth, laying a solid foundation for the implementation of Jinan's "14th Five-Year Plan" and accelerating the construction of a modern and strong provincial capital in the new era. The economic development of Jinan in 2021 once again proves that the ancient spring city with a thousand-year history is seizing the opportunity of the times and constantly walking in the forefront of the whole province.
Yantai >>>
Ambitions of the first coastal open cities
Who will be the next "trillion city"?
Among the current 700 billion order of magnitude clubs, in 2020, Yantai's GDP will be 781.64 billion, a growth rate of 3.6%; Changzhou's 780.53 billion yuan, a growth rate of 4.5%; Xuzhou's 731.98 billion yuan, a growth rate of 3.4%; Tangshan's 721.09 billion yuan, a growth rate of 4.4%; Dalian's 703.04 billion yuan, a growth rate of 0.9%.
If the GDP of Yantai and Changzhou reaches a trillion yuan in 2022, the GDP growth rate must reach more than 19%; if the GDP growth rate in 2022 and 2023 reaches more than 9% for two consecutive years, it is possible to break through the trillion mark in 2023.
In fact, for China's economic growth rate in 2022, many institutions predict it to be between 4% and 5%. Under the general trend of China's economic growth continuing to slow down, the speed of Yantai and Changzhou "colliding lines" may slow down.
This means that in the next two or three years, the "Trillion City" promotion tournament may be broken.
So, Changzhou and Yantai, two cities with a GDP difference of 1.6 billion, who can take the lead in "colliding with the line" in the future?
The early 1980s were the highlight of Changzhou. Compared with 69 similar cities in the country, Changzhou ranks first in per capita output value, first in fiscal revenue, and second in labor productivity after Shanghai. After 2000, Suzhou and Wuxi developed rapidly in Changsan City, Suzhou and Wuxi. In 2020, Changzhou's economic volume is 38.7% of Suzhou and 63.1% of Wuxi, but in terms of per capita GDP, Suzhou and Changzhou are relatively balanced, and all rank in the top ten in the country.
In fact, Changzhou's development speed is not slow, from 2015 to 2020, Changzhou's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 7.0%, ranking second in Jiangsu Province, surpassing Suzhou.
During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, Changzhou's GDP exceeded that of seven cities, including Xuzhou, Tangshan, Dalian, Changchun, Shenyang, Shijiazhuang and Harbin. During the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, among the top 30 cities in the country's GDP, Hefei, which has the most promotions, has increased by 8 places; followed by Changzhou, which has increased by 7 places.
The struggle between Changzhou and Yantai, in industry.
In 2020, the added value of Changzhou's manufacturing industry was 3149. 600 million yuan, accounting for 40.4% of GFP, ranking second in the province.
Of every four robots in the country, one is built in Changzhou; half of the national graphene industry is in Changzhou. In the 2021 National Top 100 Advanced Manufacturing Cities Ranking just released by CCID Consultants, Changzhou ranked 16th, ranking after Jinan, Xuzhou ranked 24th, Yantai ranked 28th, Dalian ranked 35th, and Tangshan ranked 59th.
At present, high-end equipment, new materials and new energy have become Changzhou's industrial business cards, and the new carbon material industry has been shortlisted for the national advanced manufacturing cluster. Power battery production capacity accounts for nearly 1/3 of Jiangsu Province.
Changzhou has strong strength in the new energy industry. According to public reports, in 2020, the output value of Changzhou's new energy vehicle and core components industry reached 83.2 billion yuan, and it has more than 40 power lithium batteries and supporting production enterprises including industry leaders such as Ningde Times and AVIC Lithium Battery, and has built and under construction capacity of more than 90Gwh, ranking first in Jiangsu and third in the country. In September 2019, BYD invested 10 billion yuan to land a vehicle production base with an annual production capacity of 400,000 vehicles in Changzhou.
At the same time, Changzhou has many hidden champions and individual champions. In the list of 848 national manufacturing single image champions selected by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, 24 enterprises in Changzhou were selected, ranking sixth in the country and first in Jiangsu.
Yantai is also famous for its manufacturing industry.
Among the first batch of 66 state-level strategic emerging industrial clusters announced by the National Development and Reform Commission, 7 industrial clusters in Shandong were selected, ranking first in the country, of which the Yantai advanced structural materials industry cluster and the biomedical industry cluster were included in the "national team", and the number ranked first in the province with Qingdao.
In 2021, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced the third batch of specialized new "little giant" enterprises, Yantai ranked first in Shandong Province with the number of 33. At present, Yantai has 14 national manufacturing single champion enterprises and 42 "specialized, special and new" small giant enterprises, all of which rank in the forefront of Shandong Province.
While Changzhou is developing the new energy industry, Yantai regards the transformation and upgrading of the chemical industry as an important starting point for the transformation of new and old kinetic energy, and strives to build a complete chemical industry chain.
The petrochemical industry is a pillar industry of a country, and the pull effect on GDP is very obvious. In 2020, the GDP growth rate of Zhoushan City reached 12%, ranking first in Zhejiang Province, mainly due to the full production of the first phase of the Zhoushan Green Petrochemical Base, which made the added value of industries above designated size in Zhoushan increased by 60.2% year-on-year, and also made outstanding contributions to the industrial growth of Zhejiang Province this year.
Among them, Yantai Chemical Industrial Park was established in September 2018 with the approval of the Shandong Provincial Government, which is the core area of Yantai Petrochemical New Material Zone and is included in the development strategy of high-end petrochemical industry in Shandong Province. With Wanhua Chemical Industrial Park as the core, the park has unique development advantages and industrial positioning, and the product quality and unit consumption of isocyanate series based on MDI and TDI have reached the international advanced level. The million tons of ethylene project planned for construction in the park was listed as a key project for the conversion of new and old kinetic energy in Shandong Province.
In recent years, Yantai has established 6 provincial-level chemical parks, gathering a number of leading enterprises and sub-industry "singles champions" such as Wanhua Chemical, the global MDI industry leader Wanhua Chemical, Linglong Tire, which ranks among the top 3 tires in China, and Dawn Polymer, the only high-performance TPV manufacturer in The country, and cultivated a number of high-end scientific research platforms such as the National Polyurethane Engineering Technology Research Center, the National Aramid Engineering Technology Research Center, and the Central Asian Tire Test Field.
Under the agglomeration effect of a number of super-large enterprises, a high-end, large-scale petrochemical empire gradually took shape. Yantai is accelerating its march towards a world-class green petrochemical industry base. Such a Yantai should not be underestimated.
Weifang >>>
From the third line to the new front, the city has become a dark horse
Weifang is one of the few cities in Shandong and even the whole country where industry and agriculture go hand in hand.
Scenery of Bailang River in Weifang, Shandong. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Zheng
Among the cities under the trillion GDP, Shandong Weifang has become the largest dark horse.
According to Weifang Daily, in 2021, Weifang will achieve a regional GDP of 701.06 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7%, ranking first in Shandong Province.
In 2020, Weifang's GDP was 587.22 billion yuan, and in 2021, it exceeded 700 billion yuan, directly skipping the order of 600 billion yuan, with an increase of 113.84 billion yuan.
In 2021, Shandong's GDP increase will be 996.69 billion yuan, and Weifang will contribute 11.4%.
Such results are really eye-catching.
Weifang's volume of 700 billion yuan is already in the same grade as Dalian, Xiamen, Shenyang, Kunming and other cities.
At the beginning of 2021, Weifang City's key work breakthrough and service enterprise development mobilization conference proposed to "firmly determine that the regional GDP exceeds one trillion yuan, sprint to the top 30 comprehensive strength of large and medium-sized cities in the country, and accelerate into the ranks of domestic second-tier cities".
This goal was then written into the 2021 Weifang Government Work Report.
The "Kite Capital" shouted out the goal of setting a trillion yuan, which did not cause a big sensation at the time, after all, Weifang's GDP in 2020 was only 587.2 billion yuan, although it was the fourth city in Shandong Province, it ranked only 39th in the country.
Kite artists in Weifang, Shandong Province, are making kites. Photo: Xinhua News Agency
In the past year, Weifang has not only shown eye-catching results, but also run with the posture of a dark horse.
Among them, the GDP station of 700 billion yuan not only reflects the significant improvement of the city's economic strength, but also means that the development level of the entire city has stepped onto a new level.
Because in China, a city's GDP of more than 700 billion yuan is often regarded as the reserve army of a trillion city, that is, a "quasi-trillion city".
In the list of urban GDP in 2021, Weifang ranked 34th (Changchun's GDP is close to 700 billion yuan, and the specific data has not yet been released), an increase of 5 places over last year.
Weifang also surpassed Shaoxing, Yangzhou, Nanchang, Yancheng and Shijiazhuang in one fell swoop, and was on a par with Xiamen, only lagging kunming and Shenyang by more than 20 billion yuan.
It can be said that in 2021, Weifang has successfully entered the reserve echelon of the "trillion club".
On the other hand, from the perspective of Shandong Province, Weifang's GDP exceeded 700 billion yuan, which also had a profound impact on the economic structure of Shandong Province.
At present, only two cities in Shandong Province have a GDP exceeding one trillion yuan, Qingdao and Jinan. After Qingdao, Yantai's GDP in 2021 is 871.1 billion yuan, and if there are no accidents, Yantai will be the next trillion city in Shandong Province.
At this year's two sessions of Shandong Province, Yantai Mayor Zheng Deyan said, "In 2022, along the target, Yantai has confidence and more ability!" ”
With Weifang stationing 700 billion yuan, it means that the trillion cities in Shandong Province will most likely reach four during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period.
As one of the important indicators to measure the economic strength of the region, gdp of more than one trillion yuan is a milestone in the history of urban development, and the increase in the number of trillion cities will also boost the overall economic strength of the region to achieve a leap.
On the list of trillion cities, Guangdong and Jiangsu each have 4 trillion cities, with the "emergence of Weifang", in the trillion city competition, Shandong is also expected to be close to Guangdong and Jiangsu.
According to Shandong's regional development plan, in the future, the two trillion cities of Jinan and Qingdao will achieve joint development, and Weifang is in the middle of these two cities.
Some media pointed out that as a city in central Shandong, Weifang can make Shandong "stand up" after it is strong, and it can exert efforts from the two directions of Jinan and Qingdao, so that shandong's economic aorta is really strong.
Speaking of Weifang, in addition to kites, outsiders' understanding of Weifang may be agriculture.
Shouguang, a county-level city under the jurisdiction of Weifang, is a famous vegetable town in the country, and nearly billions of kilograms of vegetables are transported from Shouguang to all parts of the country every year.
What is not known is that the manufacturing industry is the largest economic contribution industry sector in Weifang, and it is also an important pillar industry of Weifang's national economy.
Official data show that in 2021, the added value of industries above designated size in Weifang increased by 12.5% year-on-year, with an average growth of 10.4% in two years. The value added of the manufacturing industry increased by 12.5%, and the value added of electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply industries increased by 14.3%.
In terms of total industrial output value, in 2021, Weifang's industries above designated size achieved operating income of 1,092.91 billion yuan, an increase of 21.7%.
Among the 41 industrial industries in the country, Weifang has 37, including all 31 manufacturing industries in the national economic industry classification.
At the beginning of this year, Shandong organized a key project observation meeting for the "five-year breakthrough" of the province's new and old kinetic energy conversion, and Weifang was one of only two observation points.
Engines produced by Weichai Group. Photo/ Weichai Power's official Weibo
Weichai Group, the world's top 500 companies, is located in Weifang, and its revenue in 2020 will exceed 300 billion yuan, ranking first in the list of China's top 100 machinery industries.
The strength of Weifang's manufacturing industry is also reflected in the number of single champions in the manufacturing industry.
From 2017 to 2020, Shandong selected a total of 371 provincial-level manufacturing champion enterprises, including 57 in Weifang, 47 in Jinan, 37 in Yantai, 36 in Zibo, 32 in Tai'an, and 31 in Qingdao.
In addition to the number of individual champions ranking first in 16 prefectures and cities, Weifang also has 27 "specialized special new" small giant enterprises, 71 gazelle enterprises, 303 "specialized special new" small and medium-sized enterprises and 1,002 national high-tech enterprises.
In 2020, Weifang has 2 enterprises selected as one of the top 500 Chinese enterprises, 10 enterprises as one of the top 500 Chinese manufacturing enterprises, and 3 enterprises as one of the top 500 private enterprises in China.
By 2021, Weifang will be listed as one of The Top 500 companies in China, and 4 companies will be listed.
A careful review of weifang's manufacturing history will find that the first 10 years of the 21st century were the rapid growth period of Weifang's manufacturing industry.
During this period, Weifang formed industrial clusters such as machinery and electronic information, and cultivated world-renowned companies such as Weichai and Goertek.
Among them, Weichai has become the world's largest supplier of diesel engines, Goertek has become the world's largest Bluetooth headset foundry company and VR (virtual reality) headset equipment supplier, and the only Chinese company among the top ten microelectronics companies in the world.
Why can Weifang?
In 2020, Weifang's total agricultural output value reached 103.8 billion yuan, accounting for about one-tenth of the total number of Shandong Province.
In terms of agriculture, the Institute of Modern Agriculture of Peking University, jointly established by Shandong Province and Peking University, is located in Weifang.
It is understood that in accordance with the operation mode of "basic teaching in Peking University, scientific research in Weifang, and transformation of achievements in Shandong", the institute has accelerated the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and built a modern agricultural science and technology and talent "Silicon Valley" in Weifang.
Why can Weifang achieve industry and agriculture go hand in hand?
Some experts pointed out that in the division of labor in the Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration, Jinan and Qingdao are more responsible for comprehensive functions such as politics, finance, science and technology, and culture, and prefecture-level cities like Weifang are more responsible for the function of industrial highlands, and the real economy is the core competitiveness of the city.
In the province, Weifang's status as an economically strong city is also constantly strengthening.
From a policy point of view, in the "14th Five-Year Plan" of Shandong Province, the Jiaodong Economic Circle was highlighted, which clearly proposed to support Weifang to lead the high-quality development of national agricultural modernization and build an international power city and an advanced manufacturing highland.
According to the "Shandong Peninsula City Cluster Development Plan" issued by Shandong Province, Qingdao will be the leader in the future to promote the development of strong nuclear clusters and groups with Yantai, Weifang, Weihai and Rizhao.
Geographically, Weifang is located between Jinan and Qingdao, and is an important node of Shandong's east-west economic corridor.
This means that in Shandong Province, the status of Weifang will be further highlighted, and the status of the central city of the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration will be highlighted.
Peninsula News