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Analects (Qian Muxin)
The third part of the Eight Nobles
(i)
Confucius said that the Ji clan danced in the court: "It is tolerable, and it is not tolerable!" ”
Ji Clan: Lu Dafu Ji Sun Clan.
Eight: 佾, rank righteousness. Ancient dances are made up of eight people. The Son of Heaven is eight, sixty-four. The princes are six, the doctors are four, and the soldiers are twelve. Or: six people thirty-six, four six people, two two four people. Not now. Ji Sun's dance of the Eight Nobles in the court of his family temple was a gift of the Son of Heaven as a doctor.
Yes, it is tolerable: this ninja word has two interpretations. First, tolerance. The Jisun clan took the gift of the Son of Heaven as a doctor, and this matter can be tolerated, but what cannot be tolerated. This is Confucius's dissatisfaction with Lu Jun's inability to sanction his doctor's arrogance. First, forbearance of righteousness, the Eight Dances of the Ji Clan in the court, the Usurpation of the Heavenly Son, and the Near Contempt of the King, this matter is still tolerable, and what will not be tolerated. This rebukes The Ji clan. Or: Who, who to discipline. Refers to people and does not refer to things. What is intolerable is intolerable because of who does what and who does it. Therefore, it should be solved from the front. Today's note: It is tolerable to refer to things, and those who cannot tolerate them will refer to people, and if there are things, they will reach people, and they should not be rigid in making distinctions. If Ji Shi endures his king, then who can't stand it? Whoever kills the Father and the King will endure it. This chapter and the next chapter are responsible for the Ji clan and the three families, not for Lu Jun, when the solution is from the back.
Confucius spoke of etiquette, and the ceremony must be divided between upper and lower, so if Confucius had the heart to protect those who were on top at that time. Not really. Etiquette is based on the benevolence of the human heart, and the things that are indecent and disobedient come from the inhumanity of the human heart. Patience is also one end. The forbearance of this heart can destroy the common way for the crowd to get along. Therefore, Confucius's maintenance of etiquette is that his heart is a humane plan, not a measure of power for those who are above.
This article is all about liturgy. Li Le is the common point of Confucius's theory of politics, so the editors of the Analects used this passage to learn and govern.
Or to say: This article is not called Ji Shi, but called the Eight Tongs, it is Confucius who deeply condemns his evil, so he writes his deeds in a fateful chapter. Or to say: The title of the article is not from Confucius, because the sixteenth part of the next treatise has a Ji clan, so it is renamed Bayou. However, the title of the Analects was scheduled after the completion of the whole book.
Vernacular trial translation
Ji Sun used the dance ranks of Zhou Tianzi's eighty-eight or sixty-four people in the court of his family temple, and Confucius said, "He can't bear to do such things, and he can't bear to do anything!" ”
(ii)
The three families are Yongche. Zi Yue: "'Xiang Wei Pei Gong, Tianzi Mu Mu.'" 'Taken from the Three Houses?' ”
Three families: Dr. Lu, Meng Sun, Uncle Sun, and Ji Sun.
In The name of Yongche: 雍, Zhou Song. Withdraw completely. The ancient ritual sacrifice has been completed, the sacrifice is withdrawn, and the music people sing and poetry to entertain the gods. The Yongzhi chapter is a poem sung by Zhou Tianzi to hold a sacrifice ceremony, and the three families also sing the Yong poem to withdraw the sacrifice.
Xiang Wei Pei Gong, Tianzi Mu Mu: These two sentences are in the Yong poem. Phase, Phase, Helper. Excuse me, train the king. Refers to the princes. Gong,200,200 kings after Zhou Fenggong, Xia after Qi, Yin after Song. Mumu, the adjective of beauty and respect. Zhou Tianzi performed the sacrifice, the princes all came to help the sacrifice, and the second duke of the Song Dynasty also cooperated with Yan. The Son of Heaven is Mu Muran, the most beautiful and respectful.
Xi is taken from the Hall of Three Houses: Hall, Temple. The Yong poems are sung in the temples of the three houses without any meaning.
In both chapters, Confucius deeply rebuked the improper etiquette of the Lu Sanjia at that time. After the three families left the Lu Huan Gong, the Huan Gong Temple was established in the Ji family's house, and when they were sacrificed, the three families were in the same temple. The previous chapter says the court of the Ji clan, and this chapter says the hall of the three families, all refer to this temple.
Lu Guo Mengsun, uncle sun, and Ji Sun three families, held a family sacrifice, and when the sacrifice was completed, they also ordered musicians to sing the yong poem. The gentleman said: "In the Yong poem, it is said: 'All the princes of the four directions have come to help the sacrifice, and the Son of Heaven is graceful, so that Mu Mudi is respectful and beautiful.' What is the significance of this being sung in the Three Houses! ”