Lee Ming-fai
At the beginning of 2021, the Shanxi Rural Credit Union put forward the annual "three rural" financial service target - 60 billion yuan of loans for the whole year, serving the "three rural areas", supporting small and micro enterprises, helping rural revitalization, continuously improving the rural financial service environment, and effectively alleviating the financing difficulties and expensive financing of the "three rural areas".
A year later, has the "60 billion yuan of credit funds" been put in place? Where is the main direction?
Credit transformation, adhere to the main responsibility of the main business to return to the "spiritual homeland"
"Eat Wuxiang millet, first look at 'sheep dung millet'." In a live broadcast platform, Han Dengke held a vacuum-packed millet "square brick" and introduced his own specialties with a thick Wuxiang accent.
Han Dengke, 49, is a native of Shilippo Village, Guxian Township, Wuxiang County, and the head of the county's Longhui Planting Professional Cooperative. In recent years, Lao Han has contracted land and used sheep dung to grow millet, black beans and other small grains, forming a green ecological cycle planting chain. In this process, the Guxian Branch of Wuxiang Rural Commercial Bank issued loans many times to help him solve the problem of building factories and purchasing agricultural materials, and became a "runner" on the road to prosperity. Since 2019, Lao Han has taken the "Live Express" to sell "sheep dung millet" to more than 20 cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Zhengzhou and other cities through the Internet, driving 38 poor households to successfully get rid of poverty and 500 farmers in the surrounding areas to increase their income. "Without the loan support of Rural Credit, there would be no Internet celebrity farmer like me." He said.
Leaders like Handenke have increasingly become the focus of financial support from rural credit.
Wang Ya, secretary of the party committee and chairman of the Shanxi Rural Credit Cooperative, said: "The countryside is our spiritual homeland, agriculture is our entrepreneurial stage, and farmers are our parents. Supporting the 'three rural areas' is our main responsibility. ”
In 2021, shanxi rural credit unions will fully launch credit transformation, take the initiative to return to the main business, support the introduction of differentiated credit assessment measures, guide city and county banking institutions to continuously optimize the credit structure, and promote the credit business to focus on the main business.
In order to improve the service capacity for rural revitalization and agricultural and rural modernization, the Shanxi Rural Credit Union has done a good job in the "four links" from the aspects of organizational mechanism, institutional team, financial services, and assessment and evaluation, adjusted the "poverty alleviation financial service leading group" at all levels to the "financial service rural revitalization leading group", and implemented differentiated assessments for 108 county-level cooperatives in accordance with the classification of key counties for rural revitalization, overall promotion counties, and pioneering demonstration counties. In order to meet the new financial needs, the Shanxi Rural Credit Union has also sorted out and integrated, innovated and developed credit products in the province, and launched 6 series, 14 major plates and 36 credit products to form a multi-level, wide-coverage and differentiated credit product system. The province's rural credit system focuses on Shanxi's agricultural "special" and "excellent" strategies, increases the investment of loans for agriculture-related and small and micro enterprises, and promotes the "expansion, increment, quality improvement and efficiency" of small and micro loans.
As of the end of December 2021, the balance of Shanxi Rural Credit's loans was 656.516 billion yuan, an increase of 67.647 billion yuan or 11.49% over the beginning of the year. Loans of less than 10 million yuan (inclusive) per household increased by 27.618 billion yuan compared with the beginning of the year, with a growth rate of 14.8%, and the support for agriculture and small support was significantly strengthened.
Support new agricultural business entities and accelerate the completion of "short boards". By the end of December 2021, 2,995 new agricultural business entities such as family farms, farmers' cooperatives, and agricultural socialization service organizations have been docked, and 277 key projects have been docked, and the docking rate has reached 100%.
Support agricultural infrastructure projects and consolidate the agricultural "bottom plate". Focusing on projects such as facility agriculture, high-standard farmland, cold chain logistics facilities for the storage and preservation of agricultural products, and modern agricultural parks, we will increase credit investment and consolidate the foundation for the development of "three rural areas". By the end of 2021, the balance of rural infrastructure loans reached 6.716 billion yuan.
Support the construction of industrial clusters and help make the "long board" bigger. Shanxi Rural Credit Cooperatives focus on the upstream and downstream of industries such as the ten major industrial clusters for the intensive processing of agricultural products, and strengthen financial services. As of the end of 2021, the balance of loans to the ten major industrial clusters reached 2.08 billion yuan, and the balance of loans in the Yanmen Pass staggered belt was 1.171 billion yuan.
"With a deposit market share of 20% of the province, the Shanxi rural credit system has invested more than 40% of the province's agriculture-related loans, more than 50% of small and micro enterprise loans, private enterprise loans, poverty alleviation small loans, and more than 60% of rural household loans, which is a veritable local financial mainstay." Wang Ya said.
Tilt resources, consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and effectively connect with rural revitalization
2021 is the year to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. It is crucial to do a good job of connecting financial services at the same time.
"Tilt the allocation of resources to ensure that financial services are continuous and undiminished." Wang Ya, secretary of the party committee and chairman of the Shanxi Rural Credit Union, demanded that the rural credit cooperatives in the province should strictly implement the financial poverty alleviation continuation policy.
As of the end of December 2021, shanxi rural credit cooperatives have accumulated 2.883 billion yuan of small credit loans for the people who have been lifted out of poverty, with a balance of 3.143 billion yuan, supporting the production and operation of 67,500 households that have established archives to get rid of poverty and marginal households that are prone to poverty.
In the key counties of rural revitalization, the financial support of rural credit cooperatives has not decreased, actively docking local rural revitalization characteristic industrial projects, and giving preference to product and service innovation, credit resource allocation, etc., to ensure that the growth rate of loans invested in these counties is higher than the growth rate of loans in the whole system. By the end of December 2021, the balance of loans to 46 key counties in Shanxi Rural Credit reached 140.086 billion yuan, an increase of 13.297 billion yuan over the beginning of the year.
In order to comprehensively promote rural revitalization, Shanxi Rural Credit Union coordinated with multiple departments in the province to solve financing problems.
-- Cooperate with the Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs to jointly build a "three-capital" supervision platform and promote the construction of a rural credit system.
——Cooperate with the provincial agricultural undertaking company to deepen the cooperation in the agricultural undertaking business, and add 222 new agricultural undertaking loans in 2021, with 272 million yuan.
-- In cooperation with the Provincial Poverty Alleviation and Development Corporation, adopt the method of entrusted loans + self-operated loans, focus on supporting the development of production of new agricultural business entities that establish interest linkage mechanisms with poverty alleviation households, and effectively drive the poverty alleviation population to increase their income and become rich. As of the end of December 2021, the balance of poverty alleviation working capital loans of rural credit cooperatives in the province was 1.772 billion yuan, benefiting 92 enterprises.
-- Cooperate with the provincial supply and marketing cooperatives to carry out the pilot project of "three-in-one" comprehensive cooperation in production, supply and marketing, and credit.
-- Support the construction of the Jinzhong National Agricultural High Zone, and by the end of December 2021, the balance of loans for farmers and leading enterprises in the region will reach 2.14 billion yuan.
-- Make good use of policy tools such as re-lending and rediscounting to support agriculture and small enterprises. As of the end of December 2021, the province's rural credit cooperatives applied for the use of 38.727 billion yuan of reloans to support agriculture and small support, broadening the sources of loanable funds and strongly supporting rural revitalization.
The whole village is granted credit, and the living water of the rural revitalization fund flows more smoothly
"After the credit of the whole village, the family is like an extra reserve fund, which is very convenient to take and borrow and repay as you go!" Yao Yongzhen, a villager in Baijiaya Village, Potou Township, Yonghe County, said. In 2021, Yonghe Rural Commercial Bank launched a credit grant for the whole village, and 107 villagers in Baijiaya Village received a total of 7.88 million yuan in credit. After Obtaining a credit line of 80,000 yuan, Yongzhen quickly used 60,000 yuan of it. Speaking of the loan experience, she is very satisfied: "No need to go to the outlet, no mortgage guarantee, a few clicks on the mobile phone will arrive!" ”
Farmers are the basic units of agricultural production and operation, and financial demand has the characteristics of "frequency", "small" and "scattered". How to dredge the "capillaries" of credit funds flowing to farmers and promote the integration of farmers into the overall pattern of modern agricultural development? In 2021, Shanxi Rural Credit Cooperatives vigorously promoted the new model of financial services "three rural areas" - the whole village credit, and "wholesale" the rural retail business in the past. On the one hand, it is necessary to organize credit appraisals of peasant households on a village-by-village basis, solve the problem of information asymmetry, and dredge up the "obstruction" of credit granting; on the other hand, the "white list" customer invitation system is implemented, and the farmers are signed in batches in batches, credit loans are issued, and the full coverage of the rural blank financial market is promoted.
As of the end of December 2021, the rural credit system in Shanxi Province has granted credit to a total of 16,477 townships, administrative villages, communities and markets, creating 5,946 credit entities, with an administrative village credit coverage of 84.75%, a credit of 110.772 billion yuan, and a credit of 49.717 billion yuan.
Wang Ya interpreted: "The core of credit granting in the whole village is to use credit to assess the credit line, let the villagers' credit become assets, solve the financing problem of farmers lacking effective collateral, and improve the coverage and availability of 'three rural' financial services." ”
In the whole village credit granting, the Shanxi rural credit system has explored a "back-to-back" credit appraisal method, that is, selecting villagers who are decent, credible, and familiar with village conditions, such as village cadres, grid members, etc., to conduct credit appraisal based on the principle of "mutual ignorance, mutual non-intervention, and cross-verification", and put forward a pre-credit line for farmers in the village. For example, the Jincheng Rural Credit Cooperatives set up a total of 1554 "back-to-back" review groups in each village to conduct at least three rounds of review for farmers and select "white list" customers for batch credit. Yuncheng rural credit system implements the "three sieves" model, through the "one screening" to eliminate bad credit customers, "two screenings" to find out the existing loan customers, "three screenings" to select the white list of customers who have not yet granted credit in the rural credit system, and then carry out credit review and batch credit. Yonghe Rural Commercial Bank has also combined the credit granting of the whole village with the construction of the "moral bank" in the county, and built a rating credit model of "qualitative credit of the village group + quantitative credit of the rural commercial bank + credit credit of the People's Bank of China + moral bank", guiding the masses to "save" the positive energy of trustworthiness and "lend" the new trend of integrity.
Through credit appraisal and credit granting throughout the village, "poor can be loaned, rich can be loaned, and no credit can be credited without credit" has become a financial concept recognized by the rural masses. While granting credit to the whole village, Shanxi Rural Credit innovates financial services and enriches credit products, allowing more and more farmers to achieve "credit into funds".
Since the launch of the whole village credit, the credit rate of farmers has reached 93.53%, and the bank's local loan market share has accounted for 80.01%. Daning Rural Commercial Bank took the credit granting of the whole village as the starting point and launched the fruit farmer loan, horticulture loan, afforestation loan, forest loan and mutual aid loan. Lei Xiangsheng, a villager in Longji Village, Taide Township, wanted to engage in new varieties of dwarfing and dense apple planting, just in time for the rural commercial bank to launch a fruit farmer loan, and his heart came to fruit, and he won a credit of 50,000 yuan. After the funds arrived, he said excitedly: "With this loan, we have more confidence in production!" ”