China has a long history, coupled with a unique funerary culture, and almost every region has unearthed cultural relics, especially some large cultural relics provinces, such as Shaanxi and Henan. According to the provisions of China's "Cultural Relics Protection Law": citizens who discover cultural relics must promptly report to the relevant departments, otherwise they will be held accountable according to law.
But many times, we will ask rhetorically, cultural relics are found by themselves, why should they be handed over to the state free of charge? That's not fair. It's not surprising to think like this, after all, no one wants to lose the opportunity to get rich overnight.
However, in addition to economic value, cultural relics also have cultural value. For example, tomb robbers will only focus on gold and silver utensils, ceramics, and funerary items. Moreover, for convenience, most tomb robbers will directly destroy the structure of the tomb, resulting in damage to the tomb.
The point is that tombs also carry the culture of this period, which can help historians dig up the history of this period and even promote the progress of civilization. In life, we often hear examples of cultural relics found and handed over to the state, and there was one in Shanxi in the last century.
Unlike others who found ancient tombs, farmers in Shanxi directly found a box of gold weighing 68 catties during their labor. What exactly is going on, let's learn more.
< h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >01 old farmer worked and found a box of gold</h1>
In 1979, when China had just begun to reform and open up, the farmers in Tunjungou in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province, had not yet contracted production to households, and were still collective labor earnings. It was spring, and the members were busy beating the autumn grass, and the farmers' black clouds were among them.
Black Cloud was industrious and steadfast, and with great luck, he found a wooden box in the field without doing a few strokes. Living in China, if you suddenly find a wooden box in the field, your first reaction may be: "I found antiques and want to get rich!" "Next, it may be necessary to hide antiques to prevent others from robbing the apportionment and even causing the disaster of killing."
After Black Cloud found the wooden box, he opened it and found that it was full of gold chains and gold bars, and he did not know the words on it. At that time, it was still a collective system, and it was estimated that there was no gold to spend, so Black Cloud took off his clothes and wrapped a wooden box, wanting other members to help identify it. When everyone saw the gold, they all thought carefully, the so-called seers have a share, and the gold is thus shared by the members.
To say that at that time, people's awareness of cultural relics protection was still very backward, and the discovery of cultural relics should first be reported to the state to prevent cultural relics from being damaged or lost twice. Although the black cloud shared the cultural relics, it did not swallow reality alone.
When Black Cloud returned home, he still thought about what these things were? So he ran to the credit union and wanted to ask the comrades of the credit union to identify them, after all, the people of the credit union were relatively high in education at that time. But because some of the gold bars were discolored and buried in the dirt for a long time, the credit union staff was not a cultural relics expert after all, and it was difficult to identify.
Because the black soil was equally divided into cultural relics, the news went away and was quickly learned by the Shanxi cultural relics department. After the cultural relics workers rushed to Tunjiagou, they immediately went door to door to retrieve the cultural relics, and then began to identify them. Fortunately, the time was not long, and the recovery of cultural relics was relatively smooth, and no major mistakes were made.
After expert testing, it was found that this batch of cultural relics is indeed gold, with a gold content of about 95%, a total weight of 34.8Kg, and about 68 kilograms. In addition to the impurities inside, the pure gold content is also 33Kg.
Moreover, this batch of gold is mainly gold collars (fixed shape gold), accounting for about 90%, of which 5 have inscriptions on them and 77 have no inscriptions. Now the gold price is about 400 yuan a gram, 33 kilograms is about 33,000 grams, and there are 13.2 million. In the 1980s and 1990s, although the gold price was not as high as it is now, it was also a large income.
Since there is writing on the gold collar, what is the text? Can we judge the age of this batch of gold according to the text? To have so many gold bars, at that time, it must have been a big family, who was the owner of the gold bars? Next, we will answer these questions one by one.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" >02 Tang Dynasty relics, related to Zhang Tongru</h1>
The words on the nugget are "Qianyuan Yuannian Collar" and "Zhang Tongru Collar". Qianyuan is the era name of Emperor Suzong of Tang, which was used for a total of three years, 758-760, and the first year of Qianyuan was 758 AD.
In 758, during the An Shi Rebellion, An Lushan and Shi Siming conquered a large number of territories of the Tang Dynasty and shook the foundation of the country. After the rebels captured Chang'an, Tang Xuanzong fled to Chengdu, and the crown prince Li Heng was proclaimed emperor by his ministers at Lingwu (present-day Ningxia) for Tang Suzong, who lost real power. Therefore, these cultural relics are relics from the Tang Anshi Rebellion. Who is Zhang Tongru mentioned in the gold nugget?
Zhang Tongru was a major general under An Lushan, who had distinguished himself in battle, and was ordered to guard Yanjing during the An Shi Rebellion. In 757, Zhang Tongru was defeated by Guo Ziyi's servant Gu Huai'en (復氏仆固, literally") and fled to Henan in panic. A year later, Shi Siming usurped the throne, and Zhang Tongru became Shi Siming's humerus minister, in charge of the country's military and political affairs.
Unfortunately, Zhang Tongru was involved in an internal struggle between the Shi Siming family. After Shi Siming ascended the throne, he made Shi Chaoqing crown prince, causing dissatisfaction among his eldest son, Shi Chaoyi. Shi Chaoyi was ambitious, and after killing his father to usurp the throne, he went around hunting down and killing the crown prince Shi Chaoqing.
Zhang Tongru was killed at Youzhou City (present-day Beijing) to protect the crown prince. Zhang Tongru did not use the nameless in the Anshi Rebellion, but the "Three Dynasties Elders" of the rebel army. As the patriarch of the Three Dynasties, it is not surprising that you have so much gold.
And tunjungou in Pinglu County, Shanxi Province, where gold was found, the Tang army and the rebels fought during the Anshi Rebellion. However, at that time, the Strength of the Tang Army was inferior to that of the rebels, and it could only seek Hui Hui's support, and it was estimated that this batch of gold was lost here at that time.
After the Anshi Rebellion ended, the Tang court also emigrated to Tunjungou. The Tunjun ditch where gold bars were found, just by listening to the name, knew that it was related to the "army", and it was not surprising that gold bars and tang gold bars could be found. Therefore, this batch of gold was handed down from the Tang Dynasty and has not been excavated for more than 1,000 years, until it was discovered by the lucky black cloud labor.
Since it is the first year of the Qianyuan Dynasty, it has an irreplaceable role in studying the development of coinage in this period and the rebel currency during the Anshi Rebellion. Fortunately, this batch of gold bars was quickly recovered and did not end up in the market, otherwise it would certainly be a big loss. How does the state deal with the black cloud of cultural relics found?
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >03 national award tractors</h1>
Black Cloud was the first discoverer of artifacts, and the state decided to reward him with a tractor. Today, tractors have been gradually eliminated by the market, even in rural areas. However, in the early days of reform and opening up, tractors may be a luxury for farmers, and the production brigade is estimated to have few.
After Heiyun owned the tractor, he quickly mastered the repair technology and became a tractor repairman, realizing the transformation of agriculture into non-farming. How Black Cloud lives today is now unknown. For Black Cloud, it was certainly an unforgettable experience.
So many gold bars, it is certainly not safe to put them in the Antiquities Bureau. Therefore, the Cultural Relics Bureau decided to send those with writing to the museum for safekeeping, and those without writing to the Bank of China for safekeeping. At this point, the matter is over.
Surely some people will say, how stupid is Black Cloud, wasting the opportunity to get rich overnight? However, according to the social environment at that time, most people found cultural relics, and the first thing they must be reported to the state. And at the time, a tractor might have been more practical than so many gold bars, and it was estimated that it would not be able to spend at the time.
As far as the current gold price is concerned, the black cloud is passing by more than ten million, but we have no right to judge the practices of others. Regarding the discovery of cultural relics, whether they need to be handed in, there has been a constant controversy among the public, and there is no unified conclusion.
summary
Looking at this story now, I feel very bizarre, and the gold that I accidentally found was related to the Anshi Rebellion. Fortunately, this batch of cultural relics did not go to the people, but was handed over to the state in time to conduct relevant research.
In fact, many cultural relics in China have a bizarre origin, such as the cellar of Yangjia Village in Shaanxi Province, where farmers suddenly discover bronzes from the Western Zhou Dynasty while working. This batch of bronzes can be said to be a condensed history of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
All in all, it is still that sentence, cultural relics and antiques carry the history of the nation and are the physical relics of history. From a purely economic point of view, it seems too narrow and selfish. Of course, the state must also improve the relevant incentive mechanism, and cannot let the discoverers get nothing. Many times, in the face of temptation, it is difficult to make the right choice, after all, no one is a saint. But before you make a choice, you must think more and strive not to make mistakes.
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