Author: Gao Jianguo (writer), published long-form reportage "A Bullet and a Red Classic", "The Initial Heart of the Great River - The Stormy Course of the Birth of Jiao Yulu's Spirit", etc., and won the Xu Chi Reportage Award
General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out in his important speech at the meeting celebrating the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China: "Insisting on the party's command of guns and building its own people's army is an indisputable truth drawn by the party in the struggle between blood and fire." From Shikumen in Shanghai to Tiananmen in Beijing, the Communist Party of China adhered to the truth that "power comes out of the barrel of a gun" and led the people to carry out an armed struggle in the mighty mountains and rivers. The red legend of the New Fourth Army bravely breaking into the "isolated island" of Shanghai to expand its army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression shines with a different brilliance on the Monument of Ji Gong of the Victory of the Chinese Revolution.
"Go to Shanghai to expand the army"
In the summer of 1940, just as the anti-Japanese struggle on the shores of Yangcheng Lake was in full swing, Tan Zhenlin, the main leader of the party, government, and army in the South Jiangsu East Road area, who had always been bold, suddenly became unusually silent. A grand plan for the transformation and construction of the troops quietly took shape in the chest of this general who served as the political commissar of the Red Twelfth Army and the commander of the Fujian Military Region in the early 1930s.
In May 1939, Ye Fei, commander of the Sixth Regiment of the New Fourth Army, was ordered by Chen Yi, commander of a detachment, to lead his troops to march east into southern Jiangsu under the name of "Jiangnan Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army" (referred to as "Jiangkang"), establishing the Su, Chang, Taihe Cheng, Xi, and Yu anti-Japanese base areas, and the number of troops soared to more than 5,000. In October of that year, the "Jiangkang" and Danyang guerrilla columns were reorganized into the New Fourth Army Advancing Column, crossing the Yangtze River in the north to open up the anti-Japanese base area in northern Jiangsu. Before the "Jiang Kang" crossed north, a number of wounded and sick were left at Yangcheng Lake, including the founding lieutenant general Liu Fei and the founding major general Huang Feng and other backbones of the Red Army.
On November 6, 1939, during the autumn breeze, Chen Yi ordered the wounded and sick of the New Fourth Army in the Yangcheng Lake Rear Hospital to rearm, persist in fighting in situ, and arrange for Liu Fei, who had enemy bullets embedded in his lungs, to go to Shanghai for treatment. The East Road Headquarters of the Jiangnan Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army (historically known as "Xinjiang Resistance") of which Xia Guang was the commander came into being, and the flame of Ludang was in the trend of burning.
In March of the following year, Tan Zhenlin was in charge of the East Road area, and the "Xinjiang Resistance" was renamed the East Road Headquarters of the Jiangnan Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army, and was reorganized into three detachments with the Changshu Anti-Japanese Armed Forces. The new commander and political commissar ambitiously proposed to expand the troops to 100 companies as soon as possible and build a strong brigade of tens of thousands of guns, and the "New River Resistance" once again grew to more than 5,000 people.
How to add steel to the new sharp water town with the peasants as the main body and supplemented by the anti-Japanese miscellaneous armed forces? Tan Zhenlin set his sights on Shanghai, the birthplace of the Chinese Communist Party. He believes that this city, which has a glorious tradition of three armed uprisings of workers, accounts for half of the country's industrial workers. Improving the composition of the troops and cultivating cadres from a high starting point all need to replenish fresh blood from Shanghai.
Since the outbreak of the Battle of Songhu in 1937, the Shanghai underground party organization of the Communist Party of China has lost no time in organizing workers, students and shop assistants to join the New Fourth Army. However, to transport soldiers from Shanghai to the base area in southern Jiangsu, the new recruits need to take a train to Kunshan or Suzhou, and then trek to their destinations on foot, and along the way they must be inspected by the Japanese puppet army occupying the Beijing-Shanghai railway, which is extremely risky.
"Can't we fry beans, let the Shanghai underground party frying pan!" If the sending of soldiers to the base areas endangers the safety of the Shanghai underground party, it will not be worth the loss, and we will feel guilty for a lifetime! ”
After careful consideration, Tan Zhenlin decided to change his course and find another way.
One day in July 1940, Tan Zhenlin approached Zhang Feng, director of the political office of the two detachments of the "Xinjiang Anti-Japanese Resistance", and said: "On May 4, Chairman Mao instructed us to expand the anti-Japanese armed forces with 100,000 guns from behind enemy lines in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces this year. I want to create a 100,000 industrial army in Jiangnan and build a force based on industrial workers. In the past, when the troops supplemented the Shanghai soldiers, they mainly relied on the underground party to cross the enemy-occupied areas and transport them to the base areas. This practice is not in line with the party's underground work policy of 'concealing and being capable, laying ambushes for a long time, accumulating strength, and waiting for the opportunity', and is very dangerous and difficult to last. In the future, we must take the initiative to undertake the task of expanding the army. ”
Zhang Fengfeng raised an eyebrow and asked knowingly: "The boss's determination is that no longer the Shanghai underground party will send new recruits, and we will send people to break into greater Shanghai and expand the army under the nose of the Japanese hypocrites?" ”
Tan Zhenlin nodded, looking calm and confident.
In the new fourth army unit, people used to call Tan Zhenlin "Boss Tan", because when he went from the Maoshan New Fourth Army headquarters to the area of East Sunan Road, in order to cross the enemy-occupied area for safety, he led a large number of people to wear top hats, long shirts, and leather shoes. Mao Zedong jokingly called him "Boss Tan". Unexpectedly, this elegant trumpet did not go away and spread throughout the high-level and the New Fourth Army.
Tan Zhenlin looked at the piercing eyes on Zhang Feng's angular face, and his words were full of trust and expectation: "Going to Shanghai to expand the army and absorbing a large number of workers, students, and poor people is a key move to improve the composition of the 'Xinjiang Resistance' and enhance the combat effectiveness of the troops." This matter is of great importance, and it is necessary to send competent cadres to the front line, and you who are the director must personally go out! ”
Zhang Feng suggested that a few officers and men be sent to try to expand first, and Tan Zhenlin agreed to it. Zhang Feng conveyed Tan Zhenlin's instructions to Chen Ting, commander of the second detachment, and Huang Feng, secretary of the general branch and head of the organization unit.
Chen Ting participated in the Lantian Rebellion in eastern Fujian in 1932, and served as the commander of the independent Fourth Regiment of the Red Army in eastern Fujian and the battalion commander of the old sixth regiment of the New Fourth Army. In view of the fact that Shanghai after the fall of Shanghai has become an "isolated island," the column decided, after study, to first send two Shanghai disciples, Chen Hao, a youth officer, and Ye Shi, a cultural officer of the Second Company, to Shanghai to try to expand and break out of the way.
Chen Hao and Ye Shi returned to Shanghai, which had been occupied for three years, and the citizens who had suffered from the ravages of the Japanese and the japanese and the devastation of the war were living in large numbers on the streets, and young people full of pain and hatred were looking for a way out and a home. However, the feats of the "Jiangsu Resistance" in the eastward attack on Hushuguan Station and the burning of Hongqiao Airport in the south of the Jiangsu River have surprised many unemployed workers, young students and poor shop assistants at first, and then yearned for it. The two went deep into the social underclass who had experienced national shame and family pain to light the lamp and spread the fire, and after half a month of intense and effective work, they successfully expanded the army by more than 20 people.
Tan Zhenlin learned that Chen Hao and Ye Shi had returned with a full load, and happily said to Zhang Feng: "The success of this trial expansion has created experience for opening up the road for Expanding The Army in Shanghai, and has proved that all units can organize their own forces to recruit troops in Shanghai. Tan Zhenlin analyzed the environment and conditions for expanding the army in Shanghai, "At present, the Japanese and pseudo-Japanese control of Shanghai is very strict, and the risk of tigers seizing treasure is great. The favorable conditions are that the people of Shanghai have a strong spirit of resistance against the Japanese and the puppets, that our party and the army under its leadership have a high prestige among the people, that officers and men have social relations that can be exploited, and that the troops are also close to Shanghai. Tan Zhenlin put forward the basic principles for the expansion of the shanghai army, and asked the expansion personnel not to alarm the Shanghai underground party, to fight steadily and steadily, from point to surface, from less to more, and actively and steadily carry out.
Liu Fei, former director of the political department of the "Jiangkang Resistance," was the highest-ranking wounded and sick member of the Yangcheng Lake Rear Hospital, and Chen Yi was appointed chief of the organization section of the "Xinjiang Resistance" Political Department after arranging to go to Shanghai to heal his wounds and return to the team. He took the initiative to find Zhang Mengying, an instructor of the second battalion of the second detachment, and asked him what his relationship was in Shanghai. Zhang Mengying said that she had participated in the Shanghai Professional National Salvation Federation in those years, and later worked in a refugee shelter and could find some friends. Chen Ting and Zhang Feng also actively urged Zhang Mengying to expand the army to take the lead. Zhang Mengying did not bear the heavy trust and became the backbone of the first batch of personnel to expand the army in Shanghai.
Tan Zhenlin, commander and political commissar of the Jiangnan Anti-Japanese Salvation Army East Road Headquarters, was appointed to preside over the overall work of the party, government, and army in the South Jiangsu East Road area
Martyr Ofs Sheng Mulai who built the underground communication line of the Yangtze River
Zhang Feng, director of the political office responsible for the expansion of the Shanghai army of the second (column) unit of the "Xinjiang Resistance" at that time
Ten Mile Ocean Field swing battlefield
On the eve of going to Shanghai to expand the army, the three detachments of the "Xinjiang Resistance" were merged with other units into 3 columns. In accordance with Tan Zhenlin's instructions and drawing on the experience of the original two detachments in going to Shanghai for trial expansion, the columns formed a norm for the expansion of small groups, multiple roads, rooted and connected, independent operation, and mutual contact.
The Second Column formed 3 expansion groups. The first group was led by instructor Zhang Mengying, the second group was led by Wang Zhiming, and the third group was led by Chen Hao and cultural instructor Xiao Mu, each group was three or four people. The first and second groups are stationed in Shanghai, and the third group travels between Shanghai and the base area. The three groups are uniformly responsible for the director of the political department of the column, Zhang Feng, and implement a single line of contact, and there is no horizontal contact between the groups, nor does it have a relationship with any other organization outside the group.
According to the situation obtained by reconnaissance, Zhang Feng organized the expansion personnel to focus their work on the poor groups at the bottom of society and advanced it by connecting relatives, friends, and classmates to "snowball" the old ones.
Xiaoshadu is a ferry port of the Suzhou River through the west of Shanghai, lined with factories on both sides of the strait, is the first shanghai communist group to penetrate the masses of workers, and is also the stronghold of the Shanghai workers' armed uprising. Deng Zhongxia's "A Brief History of the Workers' Movement in China" states: "Xiaoshadu in Shanghai and Changxindian in Beijing were the starting point for the Communist Party of China to carry out the workers' movement. "Red Huxi" became the first choice for expanding the army. The personnel of the expansion of the army started from the group of relatives and friends in tandem, followed the vines and touched the melons, opened branches and scattered leaves, and accumulated small to become large. Caojiadu, Waibaidu Bridge and other gathering places for unemployed workers are also places where they visit the poor and ask questions and guide workers to rise up to resist Japan and save the country.
Zhang Mengying borrowed a camel velvet gray robe and a copper pot hat from a landlord's family in Wuxi Zhaimen Bao Lane, came to Shanghai, stayed in the Neighbor's House opposite the Empaya Theater (later known as songshan Cinema) on Xiafei Road (now Middle Huaihai Road) in the French Concession, found Yu Baoqin, the tobacco factory administrator who joined the party at the refugee site, and Zhou Shouxin and Qi Baogen, who were engaged in paper flower business, and launched through their contacts everywhere. Then he went to a small hardware store near the Buntang Lane Bridge on the north bank of the Suzhou River and found the brother of a female comrade surnamed Han who was an accountant in the army. The female soldier's brother was friends with Lu Xun and had considerable connections in the cultural circles. Through his introduction, Zhang Mengying entered the troupe, school and vocational education club, and built several stable and reliable chains of military expansion among cultural, educational, factory and handicraft workers. He also led everyone to the docks and hosiery factories where he had worked hard to secretly connect, and mobilized dozens of people to join the army in a short time.
Huang Zhenzhong, operational staff officer of the "Xinjiang Resistance" Command, went to Shanghai, went to the briquette shop opened by his classmate's father, and soon made friends with his apprentice Wang Xianxiao. Huang Zhenzhong learned that when the Japanese army attacked Shanghai, Wang Xianxiao's brother-in-law and two nephews were killed by enemy planes, and his father could not afford to be admitted to the hospital. After listening to Wang Xianxiao's confession, Huang Zhenzhong whispered in his ear: "Now all the enthusiastic young people have joined the army to resist Japan, and my hometown is in the countryside of Wuxi, where there is an anti-Japanese army, close to the people, officers and soldiers talk about equality, and the military and civilian families have fought a victorious battle to comfort them..."
Without waiting for Huang Zhenzhong to finish speaking, Wang Xianxiao rushed to ask, "Can I go?" ”
Huang Zhenzhong said in his heart: "As long as you have the determination, it is all wrapped up in me!" Saying, he felt out 10 silver round plugs and gave them to Wang Xianxiao and said, "These money will treat your father's illness and save you!" ”
Wang Xianxiao tightly clutched the silver yuan with Huang Zhenzhong's body temperature, xingchong ran to the hospital and said to his father: "Abba, I have luck, today I met a good friend, introduced me to Wuxi to study art, these 10 yuan is what he helped me, all for you!" ”
Wang Xianxiao came to southern Jiangsu from Shanghai to join the New Fourth Army and grew up in battle. In the 1980s, he served as the head of the Logistics Department of the 58th Division of the former 20th Army.
Tang Jiangsheng (formerly known as Tang Liangnan) was transferred from the Shanghai Central Special Branch to the East Road Special Committee in 1939, and the following year he was appointed as an instructor of the third company of the second detachment of the "Xinjiang Resistance". When he went to Shanghai to expand the army, he always had to bring some chickens and ducks and other agricultural products as cover, and lived in tang Lianglin, an older brother who was a clerk at the Wanxing Food Store (now the Second Food Store in Shanghai on Middle Huaihai Road), borrowing his brother's clothes, sometimes wearing suits and leather shoes, sometimes wearing long shirts and coats, leaving early and returning late to haunt the downtown and dark alleys. The battalion instructor, who was martyred in 1945 when he ambushed the Japanese puppet army at the Sanduo River in Gaoyou, Jiangsu Province, did not leave a report card for the expansion of the army in Shanghai, but his brother Tang Lianglin confirmed that his brother sent 130 Shanghai youths to the New Fourth Army.
In order to solve the problem of the shortage of professional and technical personnel such as medical care and nursing in the army, the expansion team also recruited talents through reliable channels and relationships to expand the army in a targeted manner to solve the urgent needs of the troops.
The biggest risk in the expansion of the army is not the Japanese and the pseudo-Japanese, but the traitors and deserters of the troops.
A deserter recognized a military expansion cadre in the French Concession and reached out to him for money. The cadres of the expansion army did not give him, and the deserters dragged him to a nearby patrol house and loudly said to the patrol: "This is a cadre of the New Fourth Army, he abducted my brother to the army and sold him!" Although the patrol said that the foreigner's rice bowl, but in the end Chinese conscience is not lost, squinting his eyes at the deserter with a lewd face, reaching out and slapping him twice, laughing: "It is a good thing for your brother to be a new fourth army, I thought he sold your sister!" scram! The patrol chased away the deserters who had reported the secrets and caused trouble, and then told the cadres of the expansion army: "You wait a while before leaving, so as not to run into that guy again." After the incident, Zhang Feng immediately arranged for the expanded army cadre who was targeted by deserters to return to southern Jiangsu.
Another deserter from southern Jiangsu repeatedly blackmailed the expansion cadres and threatened to "drag you to the French patrol house" without giving money. At first, the cadres of the expansion army did not bother to entangle with him and wanted to give him some money to send him away, but this scoundrel was endless. What to do with this guy with a real threat? Zhang Feng made a report to Tan Zhenlin. Tan Zhenlin made a decisive decision: "This kind of inferiority is difficult to change, if we do not take measures, it is likely to harm the expansion of the army, and we must solve it immediately!" Zhang Ordered the Expansion Team to take measures to eliminate this hidden danger.
Yu Zhongxiang, an orphan who joined the party at the age of 17, went to a factory on the outskirts of the city to expand the army and was unfortunately arrested for informing traitors. The Japanese gendarmes pierced his palms and soles with wire, tied him to a wooden shelf and tortured him, forcing him to speak out about the other troop expansion personnel. The ferocious and violent devils led the barking wolf dogs to intimidate, and Yu Zhongxiang looked at the enemy angrily and did not say a word. The devil released the wolf dog and pounced on Yu Zhongxiang, tearing a large piece of flesh from him in one bite. The steel warrior Yu Zhongxiang was unyielding and was eventually bitten alive by a wolf dog on a wooden shelf.
Zhang Mengying's army expansion group had a Shanghai soldier who was shaken in a dangerous situation and fled with funds. When the incident occurred suddenly, the expansion team reacted to changes, quickly adjusted the work plan and residential address, and went out more cautiously. When Shanghai was liberated, this deserter was mixed with the masses who greeted the army into the city on the side of the road, and was recognized by Zhang Mengying's officers and men and was dealt with as he should be.
Wang Xianxiao, a hundred-year-old veteran of the New Fourth Army who joined the revolution during the expansion of the army in Shanghai in 1940
The company's "roster" written in a notebook by Jin Hui, the former instructor of the "Shajiabang Company" in 1942
By chance, Japanese merchant ships were used to transport soldiers
It is not easy to recruit anti-Japanese youth in Shanghai, where wolves are snooping on the tiger, and it is even more difficult to send the growing number of recruits to the base area safely and without worry.
At the beginning of the expansion of the army in Shanghai, each group arranged for each batch of more than a dozen recruits to take a train from Shanghai to Suzhou, and then walked into the base area, and the risk of transportation was still controllable. Later, thirty or forty recruits were sent back a week, and the difficulty and risk increased sharply. In addition, how to do a good job in the political examination and physical examination of recruiting new recruits in a special environment, and how to arrange for unqualified soldiers to return to Shanghai safely and quickly after the new recruits are delivered to the base areas, these urgent problems are in front of us.
Zhang Feng asked "Boss Tan" for instructions. Tan Zhenlin mused and said, "Regarding how to bring the new recruits from Shanghai safely to the base area, I will find a way." Other problems, you study and solve them yourself. ”
After a few days, Tan Zhenlin found Zhang Feng and said: "Today, Cai Beihong from Shazhou County came to report on financial work, and you also participated in listening to it. ”
In September 1940, Cai Beihong was appointed director of the Financial and Economic Department of the Cheng, Xi, and Yu General Office of the "Xinjiang Resistance", and at the beginning of the following year, he was appointed secretary of the Working Committee of Shazhou County (now Zhangjiagang City) of the CPC and the first county governor of the Anti-Japanese Democratic Government. Shazhou County is the northern barrier of the Cheng, Xi and Yu anti-Japanese base areas on the south bank of the Yangtze River, a strategic place to communicate between the north and south of the great river, and a transportation hub connecting the Yangtze River waterway to Shanghai in the east and Nanjing in the west. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Japan and The Japanese decreed that all Chinese vessels on the Yangtze River route would be banned from navigation and only foreign merchant ships would be allowed to sail. In order to break the Japanese blockade of the Yangtze River, Cai Beihong was appointed as the director of the Shazhou County River Defense Administration.
What is the relationship between reporting on financial and economic work and expanding the military? Zhang Feng was puzzled, as if he had slipped into a stuffy gourd. It wasn't until I listened to Cai Beihong's report that I suddenly realized. It turned out that the Japanese Army that had invaded and occupied Shanghai relied on the Beijing-Shanghai railway it controlled to frantically amass wealth and make a lot of money. The Japanese Navy was very red-eyed, and used its control of Wusongkou and Yangtze River estuary to collude with 5 German steamships to traffic goods to southern Jiangsu and other places, from which to profit and divide fertilizer. These five German ships usually load daily necessities such as cloth, kerosene, and Western medicine from Shanghai to Shazhou Hucao Port and Jiangyin Huangtian Port to unload goods, and then load rice and other agricultural and sideline products to return, forming a fixed route from Shanghai to Jiangyin.
When Tan Zhenlin heard this, he interrupted Cai Beihong's words: "Old Cai, do you think about whether the recruits we have recruited from Shanghai can take these boats to the base area?" ”
Cai Beihong's eyes lit up, and he exclaimed, "This is a very safe passage!" However, this matter needs to be carefully summed up with the Shanghai side, and it must be done very safely. ”
When Cai Beihong said "Shanghai", he referred to Sheng Mulai, the general representative responsible for the procurement and consignment of materials in the base areas of southern Jiangsu. Sheng Mulai is Cai Beihong's brother-in-law, an underground member of the Communist Party of China, and has served as the mayor of Huangdu Town. After the ban on navigation on the Yangtze River, he destroyed his family to relieve difficulties, sold his ancestral property, and opened the "China Naval Company" as a secret service agency on Shanghai's Lüban Road (now Chongqing South Road), and opened the "China Products Company" in a dignified manner, working next door with Ye Shuchu, director of the shanghai office of the pseudo-Navy. Unconsciously, Sheng Mulai opened up an underground transportation line from Shanghai to southern Jiangsu in the Yangtze River channel, continuously transporting hand-cranked radios, seamless steel pipes, printing presses, telescopes, explosives, detonators, medicines, paper and other scarce materials to the base areas. Tan Zhenlin praised Sheng Mulai as "the vanguard of the struggle against economic blockade.".
Sheng Mulai dredged up 3 German merchant ships, and the leader of the expansion team was connected to the internal line of the ship. After the recruits arrived at the surface of the water in Shazhou County's Hucao Harbor by boat, they were picked up ashore by a barge arranged by the anti-Japanese government to transport agricultural and sideline products. From the end of 1940 to the pseudo-"Qingxiang" in July 1941, the expansion team of the Second Column could transport more than 30 Shanghai recruits to southern Jiangsu by waterway every 5 to 7 days, and could form a company at a time. Zhang Led the expansion personnel to transport more than 1,500 recruits from the waterway. The Japanese Navy would never have dreamed that the German merchant ships they controlled so tightly would become the safest passage for the New Fourth Army to export recruits from Shanghai.
After the conveyor channel is opened, the problem of the political examination of new recruits is also solved. After the expansion of the Shanghai army, the conscripts were like carps across the river. In the autumn of peril, it is inevitable that mud and sand will be mixed, and some speculators and people with heart and lung disease and flower willow disease will also be mixed in.
After studying, Zhang Feng and others suggested that a recruit reception station be set up as a buffer place in the sandbar guard port, which was approved. Instructor Zhang Jiaxin organized cadres and medical personnel to be responsible for the political examination and physical examination of new recruits, and those who found unqualified were eliminated and transferred to Shanghai. Later, the "Xinjiang Resistance" built a company of recruits on the shores of Yangcheng Lake, and dispatched experienced company and platoon cadres to conduct training to deepen the political examination of new recruits. After the arrival of the recruits, Zhang Feng talked one by one and asked the company to continue to do a good job in the inspection and food of the recruits in the course of education and training. The young people of Shanghai, who have always endured hunger, came to the recruit company and could let go of their stomachs to eat a full meal, and they could not close their mouths with a smile. Once, 12 Shanghai recruits who had just disembarked from the ship ate 100 bowls of rice at their first meal.
In May 1949, our army arrived at the city of Shanghai. Sheng Muletser was arrested at the Shanghai Police Station against the Kuomintang and bravely inaugurated in Hongkou Park (now Lu Xun Park) on May 24, three days before the liberation of Shanghai. On April 21, 1952, the Central People's Government awarded the "Honorable Commemorative Certificate for the Families of Revolutionary Sacrifice Workers" signed by Mao Zedong to the family of Sheng Mulai. Sheng Mulai is widely known as the prototype of the protagonist "Little Boss" of the movie "Soldier Station 51".
The New Fourth Army has gained wings in the expansion of the army
During the one-year tiger's mouth to seize the treasure, what is the harvest of the New Fourth Army?
According to statistics, the "Xinjiang Kang" recruited more than 2,000 new recruits in Shanghai, of which the 52nd Regiment of the 18th Brigade reorganized by the 2nd Column supplemented with thousands of new recruits in Shanghai, and also supported more than 500 Shanghai recruits of the 53rd Regiment reorganized by the 1st Column and the 54th Regiment reorganized by the 3rd Column.
On the eve of "August 1st" in 2005, "Shajiabang Company", jin Ruoyan, the daughter of Jin Hui, the former instructor of the 2nd Company of the 18th Brigade's 52nd Regiment, gave a notebook left by her father to the "Shajiabang Company". This "roster", which records the names, ages, origins, and cultural levels of the cadres and fighters of the Second Company in 1942, clearly states that of the 104 cadres of the Second Company, 2 were from the Red Army in eastern Fujian, 75 were young people in Shanghai, 17 were local peasants, 10 were liberation fighters, and nearly 72 percent were Shanghai soldiers.
The Fifty-second Regiment is known as the "Jiangyin Tiger" and "Tiger Detachment" because of its bravery in battle, and after the expansion of the Shanghai Army, the composition of the troops is mainly workers, and the team is like a fierce tiger. The Fifty-fourth Regiment is dominated by Shanghai students and shop assistants, with a high level of education and is known as the "Cultural Team".
Shi Guanghua, a veteran soldier of the "Jiang Kang," recalled that at that time, the officers and men of the "Jiang Kang" and later reorganized troops had two guns, one was a steel gun in his hand and the other was a pen in his pocket. This is in stark contrast to the puppet army, which also had two guns (steel guns and smoking guns).
Chen Yi, acting commander of the New Fourth Army, inspected the Fifty-second Regiment at the end of 1942 and praised the regiment as a cultural regiment in the New Fourth Army. When Tan Zhenlin learned that the Eighteenth Brigade had the highest quality of Chinese in the New Fourth Army, he said: "The Eighteenth Brigade has a high level of education and a large number of industrial workers. ”
The Shanghai soldiers, who are mostly industrial workers, have been educated by industrial civilization, are familiar with machinery and equipment, have strong organizational discipline, are united and cooperative, and can not only quickly and skillfully use the weapons in their hands, but also set up a repair institute to repair damaged guns. In addition to marching and fighting, they took the lead in studying theories, writing poetry, and running newspapers, and became a new force for publicizing and organizing the masses. A squad of the 52nd Regiment, the 2nd Battalion, and 5th Company successfully organized the "Peasant Resistance Association" on the east side of the Chengxi Highway west of Jiangyin Qiaoqi, which was rumored to be a good story. The Shanghai soldiers, who were trained by the New Fourth Army University and hardened into steel in the fires of war, became an important source of echelon allocation of grass-roots reserve cadres.
The expansion of the shanghai army has fundamentally changed the composition and structure of the troops, and the cultural quality of officers and men at the grass-roots level has jumped, providing a solid foundation for advanced culture to promote the combat effectiveness of the troops.
At that time, Huang Wei, cultural officer of the Second Battalion of the Fifty-second Regiment, together with Guo Jianqing, head of the propaganda unit of the regiment, composed a song "You are a guerrilla regiment" based on the combat experience of 36 wounded and sick people and "Jiangyin tigers" in Yangcheng Lake, which quickly swept the whole regiment. Later, at the suggestion of Liu Fei, commander of the Eighteenth Brigade, this song was spread throughout Suzhou as the eighteenth brigade brigade song, becoming an enduring battle song sung by the military and the people, and also one of the indiscriminate creations of the Shanghai opera "Ludang Tinder" and the Peking opera "Shajiabang".
The song accompanied the 52nd Regiment to the southern Jiangsu Central Jiangsu, and the team achieved a victory in battle and composed a song, such as "Huaibao March" and "Song of Daguanzhuang"; a song by a heroic model martyr, such as the songs of Shen Jinhong, Tao Zuquan, Ye Chengzhong, Zhu Baoshan, Ma Sijin, and other heroic martyrs; a song for a break and training, such as "March for Training Troops", "Song for Training Troops", "Song for Studying The Military", and "Song for Throwing Bombs"; a song for a political education activity, such as carrying out activities such as unity and progress, opposing civil war, and making meritorious contributions to hardships, all of which have special songs to be created and coordinated. The team also composed songs such as "Calling the Fellow Countrymen" and "Turning Back to Fight the Orient" to disintegrate the enemy army, and "Little Song of Supporting the Government and Loving the People" to strengthen the unity between the military and the people, which effectively boosted the morale of the army and promoted the activities of making meritorious contributions and creating models. From 1943 to 1945, the officers and men of the Fifty-second Regiment sang 76 songs, of which 30 were newly composed songs. In the loud battle song, 16 heroic characters emerged from the whole regiment, presenting a gratifying landscape of the simultaneous growth of battle songs and battle heroes.
In March 1944, the Fifty-second Regiment took part in the Battle of Cheqiao. Before the war, the Japanese army was arrogant and shouted, if the New Fourth Army could knock down the car bridge, the imperial army would rather withdraw from the Soviet Union and return to the sea. This campaign annihilated 465 men including 465 men including Captain Yoshio Misawa, Captain of the 60th Independent Infantry Brigade of the Japanese Army, 24 men including Lieutenant Kazuzo Yamamoto, 483 puppet troops, and 168 prisoners, becoming the largest number of Japanese troops captured by our army before 1944. The Base Camp in Tokyo, Japan, admitted that the Battle of Cheqiao marked the beginning of the New Fourth Army's counteroffensive, and the Japanese army slid downhill from then on.
Tan Zhenlin, commander of the Sixth Division of the New Fourth Army, political commissar, and commander of the Eighteenth Brigade after the Anhui Incident, sent a report by the Central Military Commission on the general situation of the Eighteenth Brigade, and specially introduced the first battalion of the fifty-second regiment of the brigade, which was originally the second detachment of the "Jiangsu Resistance" and was known as the "Tiger Detachment.", praising this unit for being able to fight both downwind battles, inferior battles, headwind battles, and dangerous battles.
Guangming Daily ( 2021-08-06 13 edition)
Source: Guangming Network - Guangming Daily