Zhang Ying (1638 ~1708), a native of Tongcheng, Anhui, a minister of the Kangxi Dynasty in the Qing Dynasty, an official to the Wenhuadian University scholar and rebbe Shangshu, won the trust and respect of the Kangxi Emperor, who once praised him: "Zhang Ying has always been respectful and cautious, and has the style of an ancient minister. ”
Regarding Zhang Ying's story, everyone knows that there is a generous courtesy story of "let him be three feet and why bother", which is that Zhang Ying's family in Tongcheng and the neighbor Wu family had a dispute over the issue of homestead, and neither side refused to give in. The Zhang family sent a letter to the capital to find the high official Zhang Ying for help. After Zhang Ying received the book, she did not suppress people with her power, but only sent a poem back to her home:
Thousands of miles to repair the book is only for the wall, let him three feet and why bother.
The Great Wall is still there today, and Qin Shi Huang was not seen in that year.
After the Zhang family saw this poem, they were suddenly enlightened and immediately gave way. The neighbor Wu family was also deeply moved when they saw that the Zhang family, who had a high official in the capital, had made such a move, so they also gave up three feet to thank them. As a result, anhui Tongcheng West Back Street has a famous "six-foot lane", which still exists today.
Zhang Ying let the people in his hometown take the initiative to give up the ground three feet, and there were no dwarfs three points, on the contrary, he used the idea of "letting the land three feet" to govern the family and manage the government, which produced a very high reputation in society, and even let the Zhang family produce talents and become a prominent family in the Qing Dynasty, so that "let him three feet and why bother" has become a beautiful talk in mainland culture.
Zhang Ying's eldest son, Zhang Tingzhan (張廷瓒), was a scholar in the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1678), and in the following year he was also a scholar of the Hanlin Academy. The Kangxi Imperial Driving Three Expeditions to the North of the Desert, all of which were subordinate.
Zhang Ying's third son, Zhang Tinglu, was the second ranked jinshi (bangyan) in the first class of the Fifty-seventh Year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1718), and was awarded the hanlin academy to edit, enter the south study, and move to the bachelor of lectures. During the Yongzheng period, he was sent to henan to study politics. In the ninth year of Qianlong (1744), he presided over the Jiangxi Township Examination, and then resigned and returned to his hometown, and was praised as "an old minister of the Three Dynasties and a model for later advancement".
Zhang Ying's second son, Zhang Tingyu, was a famous courtier of the Qing Dynasty, and in the thirty-ninth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1700), he entered the Southern Study and entered the center of power. The Kangxi Dynasty official went to the Left Attendant of the Punishment Department. After the Yongzheng Emperor ascended the throne, he successively held important positions such as Rebbe Shangshu, Hubu Shangshu, Bureaucrat Shangshu, Bai Baohedian University Scholar (First Assistant to the Cabinet), and Chief Military Aircraft Minister.
Before the Yongzheng Emperor died, he ordered Zhang Tingyu to be the same as Prince Zhuang Yunlu and the university scholar Ortai as his ministers, and he also ordered him to enjoy the Taimiao Temple with Zhang Tingyu on a daily basis. Zhang Tingyu can be described as an extremely popular subject.
Zhang Tingyu lived as an official in the three dynasties for 50 years, and because of his profound knowledge, he was also honored as the master of the Yong and Qian dynasties, and concurrently served as the chief official who compiled important classics such as "Records of the Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty", "History of the Ming Dynasty", "Great Qing Huidian", "Records of the Qing Dynasty", "Jade Discs" and so on.
Zhang Ying's fifth son, Zhang Tingzhen (張廷瑑), was a scholar in the first year of Yongzheng (1723), an editor of the Hanlin Academy, a cabinet scholar, and a ceremonial attendant.
In the thirty-ninth year of Qianlong (1774), Zhang Tingzhen died at the age of eighty-four. When the Qianlong Emperor heard the news, Gu Left and Right said: "Zhang Tingzhen's brothers are all old courtiers and sages, and now they are exhausted!" Encore also? "Sigh for a long time.
Zhang Ying's father and son, not only in the Qing Dynasty officials held high positions, but also they were also famous literati, leaving a lot of poems, especially Zhang Tingyu, who wrote thousands of poems in his lifetime, rich in content, diverse in subject matter, and many works full of reason and wisdom, but because of his special character and identity, he often accompanied the king, and it was inevitable to do some poems of ahma.
The story of the Zhang family is not over, and in the third generation, there are still talents:
Zhang Tingyu's eldest son, Zhang Ruoyu (張若溎), was a jinshi in the eighth year of Yongzheng (1730), the head of the military department, the former member of the Foreign Langzhong, the promotion of the imperial history, the Jin to the matter, the shilang of the Punishment Department, and the imperial official of the Left Capital. Later, he served as Shandong Xuezheng and president of the Siku Quanshu Library. At the age of seventy-four, he retired from illness. Later, he entered the capital to participate in the "Banquet of a Thousand Sorrows" presided over by the Qianlong Emperor. Died at the age of eighty-five.
Zhang Tingyu's second son, Zhang Ruoyi, was in the eleventh year of Yongzheng (1733), and at the age of 20, he won the third place in the first division in the temple examination. When Zhang Tingyu learned that his son had explored flowers in high school, he did not have much excitement, but made an incredible move!
Zhang Tingyu ran to the Yongzheng Emperor and asked for his son's demotion. However, the Yongzheng Emperor thought that this was to be a talented soldier, and he could be demoted at will, and said: "Before, I did not know that this was your son, and I was a talent selected fairly." ”
Zhang Tingyu then said a sincere and touching word: "There are many talents in the world, only once in three years, many people hope to be on the list of high schools, I am now in a high position, if I let my son occupy this position again, it will block the way to the advancement of the world's cold soldiers, I am really uneasy in my heart!" ”
When the Yongzheng Emperor heard this, he was also deeply moved, so he agreed to Zhang Tingyu's request and demoted his son Zhang Ruoyi to the first place in the second rank.
Zhang Tingyu's third son, Zhang Ruohuan, entered the Qianlong Ten Years (1745) and was taught editing and entered the Zhinan Study. He is a cabinet minister and a minister of ceremonies.
Zhang Tingyu's fourth son, Zhang Ruozhuo, was the chief of the Huguang Division of the Ministry of Donation and Punishment in the fourteenth year of Qianlong (1749), and the chief of the Punishment Department, and was put on duty in the Military Aircraft Department. He was promoted to the prefect of Yunnan, promoted to Jianchang Province in Sichuan, and became a shaoqing of the Taibu Temple, a political envoy of Li Tong, a cabinet scholar, and a waiter of the Ministry of Supplementary Works. In 1800, he was promoted to Shangshu of the Bingbu Department and changed to Shangshu of the Punishment Department.
How similar is Zhang Tingyu's act of voluntarily requesting that his son be demoted to a lower rank and let him be demoted to the list, and how similar is it to his father Zhang Ying's thinking of "letting him be three feet away"?
As a high-ranking official of a feudal dynasty, the behavior of Zhang Ying and Zhang Tingyu's father and son interprets the traditional virtues of modesty and courtesy of our Chinese nation.
It should be added that the descendants of the Zhang family, except for Zhang Ruoyi's early death, most of the others are high-life expectancy, which is probably because their personalities are not in contention with people!