The "Good Book of Social Science" explores the "Tuo Kang" diagram in Jing Ke's Thorn Qin

《Search for The History of The High-Backing》

Cui Yuqian

Northeastern University Press

　　The story of Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin is well known, and "Tu Poor Dagger" is an important idiom derived from this story, and "Tu" is the map of "Tu Kang". As a cultural symbol, different historical documents have different interpretations of it, mainly in two ways: the narrow interpretation is ancient place names and boundaries, and the broad definition is an anointed place. Recently, the book "Exploring the History of Du Kang" (published by Northeastern University Press) by Cui Yuqian, associate professor of the School of Cultural Relics and Museums of Baoding University, comprehensively and deeply analyzes the formation, evolution and rheological process of the historical and cultural concept of "Tu Kang", and provides a solid academic basis for the academic community to accurately, deeply and scientifically understand the historical concept of "Du Kang".

　　The book takes the change of the meaning of the regional cultural concept of "Tuo Kang" in Baoding, a famous Historical and Cultural City in China, as the main line, and the whole book is divided into two parts, with a total of seven chapters, including the formation of the concept of "Tuo Kang", the actual remnant analysis of "Tuo Kang", the late derivation concept of "Tuo Kang", the problem of "Tuo Kang" and the early Yan Zhao division of Xinjiang, and the existing title of "Tuo Kang" literature.

　　As far as the research perspective is concerned, the book accurately locks the important historical and cultural concept of "Tuo Kang" from a long-term perspective, comprehensively sorts out the relevant historical documents of "Tuo Kang", examines the political, economic, cultural and social environments that appear in different historical periods, and conducts a full chain of combing the historical flow of "Tuo Kang" in combination with field investigation, and conducts a deep historical analysis of the formation, development, evolution and circulation of the cultural symbols of "Tuo Kang".

　　As an ancient place name, the specific geographical outlook of different historical periods is different, combined with the historical and geographical records, "Tu Kang" as an ancient place name, its first appearance was in the late Yan period of the Warring States period, which was originally recorded in the form of "Tu Kang Tu". In the Han Dynasty, there was the emergence of the grass-roots local structure of "Tu Kang Pavilion", the Eastern Han Dynasty played a dual function of grass-roots public security and guanyi, its general location was in the southeast of present-day Zhuozhou, Hebei, the only addition after the Han Dynasty appeared in the Ming Muzong Longqing period, the Qing Dynasty Emperor Yongzheng years only remained, but in the early Qing Dynasty "Tu Kang Pavilion" continued to exist in the form of landscapes or hotels.

　　As an ancient place name, "Du Kang" should be in the east of present-day Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province, across the county boundaries of Zhuozhou City, Gu'an, Xincheng and other counties, which is basically recognized by historians. One of the important reasons why the land of "Du Kang" was favored by the King of Qin, and from it led to many stories such as the generous song of sorrow, the separation of the brave soldiers, and the courage to stab the King of Qin, was the king of Qin's strong interest in "Du Kang". Why did the King of Qin think that he was "coveting"? At that time, the situation in the world was that "Qin Ri sent troops to Shandong to cut qi, Chu, and three Jin, slightly encroaching on the princes, and as for Yan", after the fall of the Zhao state, the qin state's soldiers pointed directly at the Yan state, but the Qin state labor expedition, the supply of war grain was extremely difficult, if we could get the "Governor Kang" of "there is Pi Ze, more than ten miles on Friday, the branches and canals are connected, and the benefits of irrigation are rich", it will undoubtedly enable the Qin state to obtain rich grain and grass supplies in the war against the Yan state, thus increasing the chances of victory for the Qin state to annex the Yan state, and the qin king's hegemony in unifying China can also be accelerated. Therefore, when the King of Qin received Jing Ke, he had a special love for the anointed land of "Dou Kang", which eventually led to the tragic stage of "Jing Ke Stabbing Qin". The fertile land of the "Du Kang" region was of great strategic importance to both Qin and Yan, so much so that during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was almost connected with the national fortunes of the two countries, and many stories were deduced. Of course, the unification of China by the Qin State will not be interrupted by a historical episode of "Jing Ke Thorn Qin", but through the story of history, we can undoubtedly glimpse the richness of the land of "Tuo Kang". As a result, in the later historical evolution, in addition to appearing as an ancient place name, "Du Kang" is more of a reference to the land anointed land, which is mostly mentioned by historians and seen in literature.

　　The author of the book believes that as a general name for the land of anointing, the general concept of "Tuo Kang" was formed in the Western Han Dynasty, and various documents at various stages since the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties have records of "Tuo Kang" and "Anointed Hindrance", and the general name of "Tuo Kang" as the land of anointing has been continuously mentioned after the Tang Dynasty, including many extraterritorial documents. During the Yongzheng period, the controversy over rice cultivation in the Jingnan region, the Qinan Zhuhe and the Yongding River area was closely related to the long-term prosperity of the rice culture in the "Tu kang" area, although "tu kang" had become the former land during this period, but the core meaning of the mention was still the fertility of the land and the use of water resources. Looking back at history, it is not difficult to find that rice cultivation in the Jingnan region, the Qinan Zhuhe and the Yongdinghe area is in vogue and waste, and the frequency of mention of the term "Tuokang" also has a diversified "resonance" with the rise and fall of rice farming, and "Tuokang" is directly or indirectly mentioned or can be identified as the intermittent embodiment of the development of rice cultivation in different periods in the Hebei Plain.

　　On the basis of comprehensive analysis, the authors conclude that the two aspects of the "Tuo Kang" culture have jointly contributed to the formation and circulation of the cultural symbol of "Tuo Kang".

　　The book is the research result of the research project of social science development in Hebei Province and the theme research project of the Beijing-Tianjin-Baolian Linkage Development Research Institute. The author of the book, Cui Yuqian, is a doctor and postdoctoral doctor of Chinese history, a postdoctoral fellow in the study of Chinese Chinese and chinese languages, whose research direction is the history of the Tang and Song Dynasties and the examination of literature, and has presided over the completion of the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Project (64 batches), the Hebei High-level Talent Project, the Hebei Provincial Development Project, and the Hebei Provincial Colleges and Universities Youth Top-notch Talent Project in the past five years.

　　(Author Affilications:China Social Science Network)

Source: China Social Science Network Author: Qi Zeyao