Aeration ammonia and detoxification, calcium peroxide has a wonderful use!

Calcium peroxide is a frugal sustained-release aeration, detoxification, anti-stress agent, because according to the usual habits, most farmers in the fish and shrimp hypoxic floating head only think of using a short period of time to release more oxygen, rapid oxygen production of sodium percarbonate as an oxygen enhancer to sprinkle first aid, so for a long time, few people mention and pay attention to the application of calcium peroxide in aquaculture, then, calcium peroxide in winter shrimp what is the wonderful use? Let's start with its chemical properties:

Calcium peroxide is a relatively stable inorganic peroxide, the property is a white or slightly yellow powder, odorless and odorless, very slightly soluble in water, soluble in acid, while producing hydrogen peroxide, further liberating oxygen. Molecular formula: CaO2, molecular weight: 72.08, relative density: 2.92 (25 ° C), dry products at room temperature are not easy to decompose, at 275 ° C began to decompose, in humid air or water can be long-term slow release of oxygen, in addition to it also has a strong bleaching, sterilization, disinfection effect, no harm to the environment, the chemical equation is: 2CaO2 + 2H2O = 2Ca (OH) 2 + O2.

From the above chemical properties of calcium peroxide, we can see that calcium peroxide is a green, environmentally friendly and safe sustained-release aerator for aquatic animals, with trace amounts and long-term aeration effects. Calcium peroxide oxygen is slow, not to kill algae and beneficial bacteria and cause water change at a sudden high concentration, but to continuously and slowly release 2CaO2 + 2H2O = 2Ca (OH) 2 + O2 and the resulting Ca(OH)2 alkaline is not much corrosive effect on the gills of shrimp, Ca(OH) 2 + CO2 = CaCO can continue to absorb co2. This property of calcium peroxide determines that it plays a multi-layered improvement role in winter shrimp farming:

First, effectively increase and stabilize dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pond: continuous oxygen release is the key to stabilizing the oxygen source, the oxygenation method of calcium peroxide is traceable, but continuous, so it can effectively adjust the balance of oxygen consumption and oxygen supply, stabilize the dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pond, the change of dissolved oxygen at the bottom of the pond is the root cause of the stress response of shrimp, stable dissolved oxygen can effectively eliminate the source of stress, and the pathogenicity of water reduction stress can be effectively eliminated.

The second is to effectively promote and maintain the oxidative decomposition reaction of organic pollutants and harmful substances at the bottom of the pond, and prevent and control the toxic reactions of shrimp caused by excessive concentration of harmful substances such as slow materials and depletion of the bottom: when the dissolved oxygen in the pond water body is sufficient, through the action of aerobic bacteria, the organic matter can be thoroughly oxidized and decomposed, and finally non-toxic substances are generated {oxidative decomposition reaction is: (CH2O) 106 (NH3) 16H3PO4 + 138O2 = 106CO2 + 16HNO3 + 122H2O + H3PO4};

When dissolved oxygen in the water body is lacking, the organic matter is incompletely decomposed through the action of anaerobic bacteria to form NH3 and H2S harmful to white shrimp: (CH2O) 106 (NH3) 16H3PO4 + 53H2SO4 = 106CO2 + 53H2S + 16NH3.

The continuous oxygen release effect of calcium peroxide is the fundamental guarantee of the normal and continuous oxidative decomposition of harmful substances such as shrimp manure, feed residual bait, dead algae and other harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide, etc. In the winter shed culture, due to the poor nitrogen circulation in the shed, the shrimp manure, feed residual bait, dead algae and other organic dirt in the mud bottom pond accumulate more and more in the late stage of breeding, when the temperature turns from cold to warm or when there is a rainy day with a higher temperature, the recovery growth of algae is slower than that of bacteria, It is not enough to produce enough dissolved oxygen to ensure the normal oxidation decomposition reaction of organic dirt and harmful substances, which will easily cause harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide and other harmful substances to be high, exceeding the detoxification ability of the liver and pancreas of white shrimp and the appearance of symptoms such as toxic anorexia, jejunal empty stomach, unhulling failure, soft shell after dehulling, especially chronic poisoning, which will cause shrimp growth stagnation and bottom consumption.

Third, calcium peroxide is slightly soluble in water, in the middle and late stage of the pond bottom of the organic matter, relatively acidic environment for hydrolysis reaction to produce oxygen, calcium hydroxide generated after the decomposition of calcium peroxide can regulate, stabilize the pH (PH value) of the water body, improve the buffering force of the water body, increase the content of calcium ions in the water body, effectively prevent the soft shell, adjust the osmotic pressure inside and outside the shrimp cells, and improve the stress resistance.

Fourth, the granular calcium peroxide is directly sunk into the water after being thrown, and the process of hydrolysis reaction to produce oxygen is three-dimensional oxygenation from the bottom of the pond to the surface of the water, which is especially suitable for the high-density breeding of benthic white shrimp.

Fifth, calcium peroxide can be used as an oxidant for disinfection, which can effectively kill anaerobic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria, prevent the reproduction of anaerobic organisms and kill pathogenic bacteria, and play a role in clarifying water bodies, which is conducive to the photosynthesis of algae and increase dissolved oxygen.

Source: White Shrimp Farming Industry Alliance

Author: Huang Ming'an

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