Editor's Note
Chongqing is an important birthplace of Pakistani culture, after thousands of years of development, it has formed a rich cultural accumulation and distinct regional characteristics, creating a splendid folk culture, "Yu taste" is long, and it has both Sichuan and Qianqian styles and Exiang charm. In order to better protect and inherit these precious folk cultures and keep the roots of the mountain city, the WeChat public account of Chongqing Local History has specially launched the column "Chongqing Folk Customs and Customs", which shows the changes and development of Chongqing's folk culture from the aspects of material production, trade craftsmen, food and clothing, living and traveling, festivals of the year, life etiquette and folk worship, and entertainment competitions, and stimulates the vast number of cadres and the masses to love their hometown and build the beautiful feelings of their hometown.
Lin Zuo
Chongqing has a forest land area of 4,466,100 hectares, a forest area of 3,740,700 hectares, a forest coverage rate of 45.4%, and a forest accumulation of 205,339,000 cubic meters; the city has 6 national nature reserves, 15 municipal nature reserves, 32 county-level nature reserves, 26 national forest parks, and 62 municipal forest parks; The total area of wetlands in the city is 3.1 million mu, with 20 national wetland parks, 6 municipal wetland parks, 1 wetland nature reserve at the municipal level, and 11 at the district and county levels.
More than 6,000 species of wild vascular plants are distributed in Chongqing. Among them: 9 species of wild plants such as tung tree, silver fir, yew tree, southern yew tree, Bole tree, metasequoia, etc., and 39 species of wild plants under national second-level key protection, such as nanmu, camphor, goosefoot tree, incense tree, golden retriever, etc. There are 665 species of plants distributed in the city, and the only critically endangered wild plants in China are cliff cypress, Nanchuan wood pineapple, lotus leaf clematis fern and so on. There are more than 800 species of terrestrial wild vertebrates and more than 4,300 species of invertebrate animals distributed in the city. Among them: 11 species of terrestrial wild animals under national first-level key protection include Chinese autumn sand duck, black langur, forest musk, Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey, golden eagle, etc., and 47 species of terrestrial wild animals under national second-level key protection include red-bellied golden pheasant, long-eared owl, impala, big spirit cat, small spirit cat and so on.
Forestry customs
Worship of mountain gods, Chongqing ethnic areas in the wood cutting, hunting, sacrifice of mountain gods, in order to seek blessings of the folk customs.
Before logging, the ethnic areas of Chongqing should hold a feast to entertain the lumberjacks, called "Kaishan wine"; the axe in the logging tools is also commonly known as "Kaishan".
Since ancient times, Chongqing has had the custom of "planting flowers and trees in front of the house and behind the house", and has also formed a conventional rule for planting trees. For example, in the front of the house and behind the house like to plant peaches, plums, pears, bamboo, persimmons, etc.; in the Chongqing ethnic areas, there is a custom of "not planting mulberry before, not planting peaches after", because "mulberry" "peach" and "mourning" and "escape" are harmonious, so it is considered unlucky.
The folklore of the fruit tree, in a sting, is to cut a few knives on the trunk of the fruit tree. Folk believe that if the soil is too fertile, the fruit tree will only flower and do not bear fruit or fruitless phenomenon, will become a "public tree", so in the sting, you must mule the tree, the "public tree" into a "mother tree". When cutting the tree, cut three knives or nail three red-hot iron nails on the trunk of the tree, and sometimes on the knife edge of the fruit tree, fill the glutinous rice and read: "Sting, sting, your not to my sting." Sting knot, sting knot, your knot does not tie my knot. You knot one and lose one, and I knot one counts (mature) one. ”
(Excerpt from: Chongqing Municipal Chronicles · Folklore Atlas)