Text/Liu Yutao
Huangxian County, now Longkou, is rich in wheat, high-quality fine flour, providing excellent materials for the production of handicrafts, so the art of face sculpture came into being with rich economic conditions and profound cultural heritage. With the development of society and the progress of mankind, this ancient folk art has gradually stood out among the various art gardens and become a cluster of gorgeous and pure artistic flowers.
Huangxian noodle sculpture is a pattern of food inherited from the ancient folk "Xi Rao", some of which are made of a mold called "Maple"; some are hand-kneaded colorful ceremonial crafts. These face sculptures are closely related to etiquette activities such as seasons and customs, mainly including seasonal ceremonial face sculptures, marriage ceremonial face sculptures, birthday ceremonial face sculptures, and architectural etiquette face sculptures.
Seasonal etiquette face molding. On the seventh day of July, the beggar's day, the family uses "hammers" to bump the qiao bao (also known as qiao guo). Qiao Rao has more than ten small and exquisite patterns such as golden cicadas, ruyi, gourds, lychees, lotus puffs, peanuts, guiyuan, etc. This food is burned with threads and channeled, and the bottom is embellished with red and yellow, and the sand fruit or begonia fruit with green leaves on the stem is interesting and exquisite. Steamed cakes during the Spring Festival are also made with hammers, and the most common patterns are goldfish, lotus puffs, etc. According to research, the reason why the ancients took the sound of lotus and fish harmony "more than one year in a row" means that every year a bumper harvest is abundant and happy. In addition, there is a kind of holy (leftover) worm is made by hand, the body is cut with scissors to cut out the sharp burrs, with pepper seeds as black slippery eyes, in the old days people used this kind of face to plastic granaries, grass stacks, looking forward to "eating old grain, burning old grass", every year there is a surplus. During the Spring Festival, there is a large piece of noodle sculpture called suncake, in the past, the rich people paid attention to "how big the pot is how big the cake is, how big can be steamed", which is the tribute of the ancients to the sun god, its shape is like the sun, radiant, and the above plastic cash cow and cornucopia. The ceremonial face of the festival is generally not colored, and only embellished with carmine dots to show auspiciousness.
Marriage etiquette is sculpted. On the day of the bride's marriage, there is a pressure pot in the washbasin sent by the mother's family, which is the essence of Huangxian face sculpture, and this two or three pounds of fine powder steamed big dumplings are made of dragons and phoenixes, which are called "dragons and phoenixes are auspicious"; plastic sika deer and red-crowned cranes, which mean "deer cranes and spring"; the middle plastic boys and girls, surrounded by small birds, bats, butterflies, and flowers. The whole work is full of excitement and vividness, which is amazing. On the third day of the third month of the lunar calendar, the new daughter-in-law's mother's family wants to "send three", this group of spring swallow-based face sculptures, there are dragons, phoenixes, tigers, rabbits, fish, shrimp, apricots, peaches, almost all-encompassing, it seems that spring is melted and vibrant.
Fertility etiquette face molding. The birth of boys and girls is a major event in marriage and family, and its festive activities include face plastic gifts, the baby is born for one month, and parents want to harmonize the baby to go to the grandmother's house, commonly known as "moving the full moon". The face sculpture of the full moon is "Peach comes, the tiger goes", from the grandmother's house to bring two peaches decorated with auspicious characters and patterns, from the grandmother's house to hold a pair of tigers and return, this pair of tigers Some people are as big as babies, people can't tell whether it is a child holding a tiger or a tiger holding a child. The baby is born a hundred days ago "over a hundred years old", and the grandmother's family wants to send a face sculpture such as "long age" and a lion, hoping that the child will live a long life and be as powerful and majestic as a lion. The baby had his first birthday, and his grandmother's family sent a large number of noodle sculptures such as peaches, tigers, lions, pomegranates, goldfish, ducks, radishes, etc. Interestingly, there are three water radishes and two large round radishes in this group of noodle sculptures, which means "five bu (generations) are in the same hall".
Birthday ceremonial face molding. The old man has a birthday, and the birthday gift of the children is six peaches and a pair of bergamots, and the folk song says: "Six peaches, one pair of hands, the old man lives to ninety-nine." In this group of face sculptures, there is a shou peach sculpture "Five Sons Dengke" or "Five Daughters Worship Shou", another Shou Peach Sculpture has a large "Shou" character, and the other four represent the four seasons, "Spring Sculpture Phoenix Play Peony, Summer Plastic Dragonfly Sleeping Lotus, Autumn Sculpture Butterfly Love Chrysanthemum, Winter Plastic Magpie Report Peace".
Architectural etiquette face sculpture. Building a house on the beam is a big folk celebration, plastic a grunt apricot, hoping to "prosper" in the day; plastic a pair of crouching lions next to the door, meaning "fierce lion guarding the door"; plastic two golden dragons coiled on the girder, aimed at "flying dragon around the beam"; but also plastic phoenix, goldfish, meaning "the treasure land to attract the golden phoenix, the rich and noble people celebrate more than enough."
Huangxian noodles have hair noodles, raw noodles, and oil noodles, and most of their works are from the hands of folk talented women, although the craftsmanship is different, the size is different, the furniture is skillful and clumsy, and the elegance and customs coexist, which are deeply loved by people.
Shandong Provincial Prose Literature Association Longkou Creation Home Mailbox: [email protected] One Point Longkou Literature Mailbox: [email protected]
One point no. Longkou literature
Find reporters, reports, ask for help, major application markets download "Qilu OnePoint" APP or search weChat Mini Program "OnePoint Intelligence Station", more than 600 mainstream media reporters in the province are waiting for you to report online!