On May 23, 2017, After years of research and development and design of the deep-sea manned submersible "Jiaolong", the deepest part of the world - Mariana Trench for diving activities, the dive is the third voyage of the 38th voyage of the Chinese Ocean, the diving depth is as high as 4811 meters, the maximum depth of the current Jiaolong diving has reached 7062 meters, and scientific research activities can be carried out in the 99% of the oceans currently known to the world.
Dragon
The great achievements of the great national project of "Jiaolong Exploration of the Sea" have also promoted the development of China's marine exploration cause and created the current glory of China's marine exploration cause. This great achievement has also attracted the attention of scientific research groups and media from all over the world, which shows that people are full of strong interest and yearning for the mysterious ocean. So if we throw a piece of granite in the Pacific Ocean, will it be crushed or will it sink all the way to the bottom of the sea?
The secret of twenty thousand miles under the sea
As we all know, the earth is three land, seven oceans, the ocean accounts for seventy-one percent of the earth's surface area, the ocean area is wide, the depth is deep, and by the current level of scientific and technological development and scientific research strength, people's exploration of the ocean is still stuck in the appearance, as mentioned in psychology of the "unfinished plot", because it has never "spied" to the real face behind its veil, so it has particularly touched the most primitive curiosity of human beings.
Blue body of water, Earth
From ancient times to the present, people have never stopped or given up the exploration of the ocean. From a humanistic point of view, the famous French science fiction novelist Verne created a long novel about the depths of the ocean, "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea", he imagined the magical scene of twenty thousand miles in the sea from the perspective of ordinary people, and the magical description of the ocean world in it was fascinating.
"Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea"
In terms of natural science, human beings have never stopped exploring the ocean, either deep or shallow. For the vast expanse of the ocean people from helpless to gradually familiar.
Turning the annals of history, the first voyage in the world was completed from 1519 to 1512 in human history. Now that we use a variety of sophisticated instruments to explore the ocean, we have found that it contains a rich and huge number of various resources, such as minerals, biological resources, tidal energy, wave energy, currents, ocean temperature difference energy, salinity difference energy, and combustible ice.
Columbus's Sea Route Map
According to the current scientific research results, we know that the seven-point ocean is divided into four oceans: the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean; the basic ocean landform can be divided into three units: continental margin, ocean basin and mid-ocean ridge.
Subdivided, the continental edge can be divided into continental shelf, continental slope and continental base, the ocean basin area accounts for forty-five percent of the total ocean area, of which the ridge, seamount, archipelago and mountain range divide the ocean basin to form an all-encompassing and colorful marine landform; the total length of the mid-ocean ridge is equivalent to the total length of all the mountain ranges on the land, up to more than 8,000 meters.
Colorful underwater world
It has to be said that the ocean is rich in marine biological resources, and at present, the types of marine life known to mankind reach 220,000 species, covering forty-four biological categories and spanning five biological worlds...
But humans may not know as much about the oceans as they do about Mars, because the enormous pressure in the oceans makes diving impossible, and for every 100 meters above land altitude, the temperature drops by 6 degrees Celsius. In the ocean, for every 100 meters of diving, the air pressure increases by 10 atmospheres.
Three-phase diagram of water
When it reaches 10,000 meters under the seabed, steel plates with a thickness of several millimeters are as easy to break as egg shells, not to mention the flesh of mortal tires. Speaking of pressure, what would happen if we threw the world's hardest stone, granite, into the Pacific Ocean, with an average depth of 3,957 meters?
The hardest stone in the world , granite
First of all, let's take a look at the specific information of the granite that can be seen everywhere every day. Granite is volcanic rock, which is formed after the eruption of hot magma underground to the surface, and then after rising heat loss and condensation. There are many granite mountains in China, such as the Daxing'an Mountains and the Little Xing'an Mountains that we know. Why is granite so hard?
granite
Hardness is better than the general marble, and not easily eroded by rain and wind, the color is diverse and beautiful, there are reports, paved with granite, the service life of this road is one hundred years, the appearance of the color can be maintained for a long time, so it is suitable for outdoor open-air environment, decorating the exterior wall of the house. What happens if such a hard rock is thrown into the Pacific Ocean?
Rocks thrown into the ocean floor
When a rock is thrown to the bottom of the sea, will the rock be crushed powerfully by the seabed? The answer is no. According to the above, for every 100 meters of dive, the pressure increases to 10 atmospheres, and according to calculations, the pressure at 11,000 meters of ocean depth is 110 million pa, and the maximum pressure that an adult can withstand is 1100 atmospheres.
Underwater world
Under how strong the pressure, why doesn't the rock break? Because the pressure of the seabed is evenly distributed, the pressure of the seabed will wrap the rock from all sides, and the rock will be evenly stressed to form a compression, making the rock with a tight texture more compact.
Like deep-sea fish, they do not have a round and fat body like fish in shallow waters, but are very thin and streamlined, which is conducive to withstanding pressure from all sides. The common fish with such a posture are the striped fish and salmon on our daily table.
brief summary
At present, human cognition of the ocean is only the tip of the iceberg, but human innate curiosity and desire to explore will "spy" the "secrets" of the ocean one by one, and look forward to the future one day, we and our children and grandchildren can take a submarine to explore the bottom of the sea like a bus.
Underwater exploration
Through the inquiry into the question of whether throwing a piece of granite in the Pacific Ocean will be crushed or whether it will sink all the way to the bottom of the sea, it is still difficult for us to see the essence through the phenomenon, as our ancestors said, the female rabbit is confused, the male rabbit's feet are fluttering, the double rabbit walks on the ground, and Ann can distinguish that I am male and female.