Tanabata tonight to see the blue sky, morning glory weaver girl across the river bridge.
The family begged for the autumn moon and wore tens of thousands of red silks.
This song "Beggar"
It is an unknown Tang poem
Succinctly tell this romantic holiday
The love of the entangled children is long
Qing Chen Ming Yue Man Qing Tour Album July Tong Yin Beggar Qiao, now in the Palace Museum
Tanabata is one of the traditional festivals in China,
But when did the ancients begin to spend Tanabata,
There is no very clear statement.
After historical research,
For the first time in the ancient extant books, "The Seventh Day of July",
It is the "Four People's Moon Order" written by the Eastern Han Dynasty scholar Cui Yi,
The book is in chronological order of the month,
Narrating the actions of the year and twelve months,
It can be regarded as a rural area of the Eastern Han Dynasty
A true portrayal of life and customs in his old age.
In its "July" article, many affairs of July 7 are recorded: "Seven days, then the deeds are made. It is also a day, can be combined with blue pills and Shu lacquer pills; exposure of scriptures and clothes, customs are also. Make dry rice, pick the ears. ”
According to the custom, on the seventh day of the first month of July, a wine song (麹) is made.
Made with orchid and shu lacquer grass
Pills for insect control, detoxification, and disease treatment,
Exposure to scriptures and clothing,
It can also be used as dry food on this day
(糗 is a dry food that is easy to preserve),
You can also pick the ears
(i.e. the ear of the ear, the ancients used the seed of the ear to squeeze oil to burn the lamp candle).
Qing Yongzheng December Xingle Chart Axis July Beggar Qiao, now in the Palace Museum
The ancients began to "July 7" in the Eastern Han Dynasty,
The main customs in addition to the above,
In fact, there is an important project: begging the Weaver Girl.
The name of the Weaver Girl
It appears in both Xia Xiaozheng and the Book of Poetry.
"Xia Xiaozheng" said
"July, the first night, the Weaver Girl is in the east",
It means at dusk in July
Vega Samsung is on the ceiling above her head.
Vega is very bright,
is the second brightest star in the northern night sky,
Therefore, the ancients used this astrological sign to mark the arrival of July.
Qing Yao Wenhan Qixi Chart Axis, now in the Palace Museum
"Poetry • Xiaoya • Dadong":
"Weaver girl, seven times a day."
Although it is seven, it is not a newspaper.
Look at the morning glory, do not serve the box. ”
Early autumn nights,
Vega and Altair are separated by only one milky way,
The Milky Way, the Stars,
The Tang Dynasty zhang huan chanted in the "Autumn River Fu":
"Chiseled back, chiseled the heavens open,
With autumn geng, the accumulation of dawn.
The water is shallow and does not fall, and the light is repeated and repeated,
The division of the non-blue sea, that is, the turn of the Yellow River.
Ten thousand miles straight rope nine clouds, horizontal belt Yi Yi high shadow.
Yu yu lianse, through the curtain in front of the house,
Flying waterfalls outside the clouds..."
Tanabata beggars the worship of Vega,
Probably because
July is the season when women are busy weaving and making clothes.
Weaver Girl's name
It is likely to be named by the textile ladies in ancient times,
They called this star hanging high above her head "Weaver Girl",
Seeing it as the god of the weaver girl in heaven,
Pray that she will be able to give herself
Dexterous hands, intelligent mind,
Weave a fabric as beautiful as a brocade coat.
Qing Tang Peihua Cowherd Weaver Girl Fan, 17.5x56.5 cm, is now in the National Palace Museum in Taipei
Just like the previous Tanabata Festival
It's the only festival that belongs to women,
Vega is also full of stars
The only bright star that belongs to women.
From ancient times to the present, the bucket turns to the stars, and every autumn night,
Vega will rise into the night sky,
Bring blessings to women on earth.
Eastern Jin Dynasty Ge Hong's "Miscellaneous Records of the Western Jin Dynasty"
The earliest mention of beggars,
"Hancai women often wear seven-hole needles on the placket on July 7."
Southern Dynasty Liang Zongyi's "Records of the Jingchu Years": "On the seventh day of July, it was the night of the morning glory weaver girl's party. On the eve of the night, the women of the family knotted colorful wisps, wore seven-hole needles, or used gold, silver, and stone as needles, and Chen Several feasts, wine, preserved fruits, melons, and vegetables in the court to beg for skill. If there is a happy subnet on the melon, it is considered to be a sign. ”
Qingqianlong Silk Qixi Qixi QiaoQiao Scroll, now in the Palace Museum
Tanabata Night,
Women thread seven-hole needles,
Set up incense cases in the courtyard,
There are melons and fruits, flowers, wine, needle and thread, etc.,
Begging the Weaver Girl,
In the Song Dynasty, a kind of hand-pinched small clay figure was also placed
"Mokuku" as an offering to the gods.
In the Ming Dynasty, Liu Tong and Yu Yizheng's "Imperial JingJing Scenery and Material Strategy" volume 2 yun: "The afternoon of the seventh day of July loses the needle, the woman is exposed to the water day, it is the water film, and the embroidery needle is floating." Then look at the shadow of the needle under the water, there are clouds of flowers, birds and animal shadows, there are shoes and scissors water eggplant shadow, called begging coincidence. ”
Qing Chen Zuzhang and other ivory sculptures "Moon Man QingYou" book of July Jingtong Yin Beggar Qiao, now in the Palace Museum
Tanabata In addition to these customs,
It also contains many love elements,
When the night is as cold as water, and people look up to Vega,
Probably miss the person you want in your heart.
The smoke is faint and the moon is long in the sky, and the silver and Han dynasties are the same in autumn.
A little joy and resentment, year after year in this night.
I don't feel that the new is cool like water, and the two sideburns of acacia are like frost.
Dreams cross dry mulberries from the bottom of the sea. Read the galactic storms.
Traces of the lives of the ancients
Mostly annihilated in the dust of history,
Only in the tiny corners of the scattered excavated artifacts,
You can still get a glimpse of their delicate and euphemistic at that time,
Or a bold and fiery vow.
The Western Han Dynasty "Long Does Not Forget" silver belt hook, now in the Nanjing Museum
This "long and forgetful" silver belt hook
Excavated from the Han Tomb of Dayun Mountain, Xuyi, Jiangsu Province,
It belongs to the funerary tomb No. 12 of the Jiangdu King's Mausoleum.
This silver belt hook is extremely small,
Less than 4 cm in length,
It is like a soldier symbol, divided in two from the middle,
The inner walls of the two half-fans are carved in yin and yang scripts
"Long do not forget" four-character small seal inscription.
The owner of the tomb is the son of the Han Jing Emperor
One of the concubines of Liu Fei, the King of Jiangdu, was born in an infant,
This silver belt hook is likely to be
Liu Fei gave Chun Yu a promise gift to the baby.
Moving love words, secret vows,
Hidden in such an inconspicuous silver belt hook,
Worn by the baby and carried to the grave,
It seems to be hoping that after death, it can be done
Remember the agreement with your lover and never forget it.
Mingtuo carved lotus lotus mandarin duck jade button, Nancheng County Yixuan Wang and his wife joint burial tomb, now in the Jiangxi Provincial Museum.
This pair of jade buttons
Unearthed the joint burial tomb of King Yixuan and his wife in Nancheng County,
Carved out, shaped like a Mandarin duck playing in the water,
Mandarin Duck Yu Fei, Bi ZhiLuozhi,
A gentleman is a gentleman, and it is advisable to be blessed.
The couple buried the jade buttons together,
It seems to be pinned on the marriage expectations of the past life and this life.
The top of the mandarin duck is carved with a jade piece in the shape of a willow leaf,
It is joined to its tail to replace the crown.
The tangled lotus with its mouth delicately carved,
The upper ends of the tangled branches are on either side of the Mandarin duck
It is made of relief-shaped flowers, leaves, and lotuses.
The upper part of this jade carving, the whole body of the Mandarin Duck, is purple-brown,
The rest of the body is white and the bottom is oval.
There are two pairs of diagonal perforations for embellishment.
The whole instrument is lustrous in color and finely carved.
Qing agate lying lotus mandarin duck, now in the Palace Museum
In the Ming Dynasty, the tomb of King Liangzhuang of Zhongxiang, Hubei Province, unearthed a green jade hollow lotus leaf Mandarin duck accessory, which is now in the Hubei Provincial Museum
The White Jade Wing Concentric Charm is now in the Palace Museum
The first living ring of the Qing beast is washed with a double fish pattern, which is now stored in the Shanxi Museum
Ornamented in pairs
Express the beautiful desire of "always thinking good",
And at some point,
The ancients would even use a more straightforward way,
Leave a warm love word on the utensils ——
Engraved on the back of the bronze mirror, or written on a porcelain pot.
The Western Han Dynasty Sauvignon Blanc does not forget the bronze mirror of Chang FuGui Le Weiyang, which is now in the Sichuan Museum
"Sauvignon Blanc, don't forget each other, always rich, happy."
The declaration of love in the Han Dynasty is both simple and poetic,
The twelve characters hope that love will last forever, and will always be safe and rich.
This good wish came to the bronze mirror of the Tang Dynasty,
With a more elaborate, beautiful expression:
The mirror inscription reads:
"Phoenix Double Mirror South Gold Suit,
Yin and yang are matched, the sun and moon meet constantly,
White Jade Hibiscus Box, Cui Yu Qiong Yao Belt,
People with one heart, close in heart, and brave in heart to protect thousands of springs. ”
Tang Zhenzi Flying Frost Mirror, now in the Palace Museum
Tang Changsha kiln poetry pot, now in the Changsha Museum
Ages
How many lovers pray for their love,
Can shine forever like the stars in the sky,
If the two loves are long, they are in the twilight.
On the parting night of countless acacias,
How many lovers there are
Meditating on this verse to comfort yourself?
Eastern Han Dynasty kissing figurines, excavated from the suburban forging factory in Hejiang County, Sichuan, are now in the local museum
Morning glory out of the west of the river, weaver girl in the east.
Eternity will always look at each other, tanabata who sees the same.
The theme of Tanabata love is timeless,
Are you impressed by the affection of the ancients?
Today, Tanabata, who will you spend with?
bibliography:
Liu Zongdi: The History and Myth of Tanabata
Lu Ying: "Qixi, The Cloud Makes a Clever Story"
The image comes from the official website of the Palace Museum and the official microblogs of various museums