Text/Sun Haifan
In 1950, the New Chinese People's Revolutionary Military Commission and the State Council issued the "Decision on the Demobilization Work of the People's Liberation Army in 1950" to the whole army, and the "Decision" introduced that "the war of liberation of the Chinese people has basically ended, except for Taiwan and Tibet, which are still undergoing serious battles before liberation, the whole country has begun to enter a new stage of economic construction, and the People's Liberation Army has also shifted from a state of war to a new period of regular army building." At the beginning of the state's production and construction, the People's Liberation Army must not only partially demobilize and participate in the work of national economic construction to help the country's economy recover and develop, but also strengthen the building of the national defense force in order to defend the motherland, which is a doubly glorious task. In the "demobilization principle" of the "decision", there is also "demobilized soldiers must undergo a certain period of intensive training in order to consciously and voluntarily return to their hometowns and to enable them to play an exemplary role in various posts in economic construction after demobilization." ”
Decision on the Demobilization of the People's Liberation Army in 1950, p. 1
New Chinese film creation has always followed the "main theme", and if there is a new spirit, there will be some new movies. On November 16, 1949, the Shanghai Film Studio, led by the Communist Party, was established, and soon in 1950, the New China's Shanghai Film Studio followed the situation and immediately made its first feature film, which was the film "Farmhouse" showing the recovered soldiers "returning to their hometowns to start a business" and "scientific farming".
Film poster
The script of "Farmhouse" is led by Sun Qian, directed by Zhang Ke, and starring a group of actors with rich performance experience in Shanghai, they are Zhang Fa, Qin Yi, Wei Yuping, Bai Mu and so on. The story of "Farmhouse" goes like this:
In the fertile fields of the north, trains gallop through the fields of spring.
Veteran Zhang Guobao (Wei Yuping) meets the planting of good cotton on the train, which makes him more eager to return to his hometown, Dujiazhuang, immediately to participate in the fiery socialist labor construction.
In Dujiazhuang after the land reform, the peasants who turned over were allocated livestock, land, and pear orchards, and were carrying out production with painstaking efforts. Zhang Guobao's father, Zhang Laowu (Zhang Fa), became the head of the production team, but he was bound by his previous experience in planting crops, and the team member Chen Qijin (Fan Zhenggang) was also confused by some old rules, and even Zhang Guobao's fiancée La Ying (Qin Yi) had no idea with his father-in-law.
Du Tiancheng (Bai Mu), the landlord of the village, and Liu Lao'er (Xin Ke), a second-rate son, saw the situation and happily exploited the loophole and incited the wind and fire everywhere.
As for the call to grow good cotton, the farmers were afraid of both trouble and no harvest, so they all held a passive wait-and-see attitude and did not respond positively. At this time, the pear trees in the village found insect pests again, and the farmers' mood was even lower. To this end, the village elder Niu (Zhong Xinghuo), activists Yang Liansheng (Yang Mengchang), Eryou (Zhu Xiuqin) and Zhang Laowu and others have a conflict.
Zhang Guobao returned to the village and gave the big cattle a boost of strength. After careful investigation, the party branch found out the ideological roots of the peasants and decided to do their ideological work separately. Zhang Guobao and La Ying went to fight for Zhang Laowu and asked him to ask the Liangmian promotion team. However, although the promotion team came and the activists in the village took the lead in receiving good cottonseed, the ordinary people in the village were influenced by Zhang Laowu and Du Tiancheng and waited passively.
The diseases and insect pests of the pear trees in the village were even more serious, and Zhang Laowu was helpless, so he had to burn incense in his pear garden and pray to God. When La Ying found out, he persuaded him to ask the promotion team to help, but Zhang Laowu flatly refused and turned around. Zhang Guobao happened to see this scene and mistakenly thought that La Ying was engaged in feudal superstition, and the unmarried little two also made a fuss.
In order to dispel superstitions, solve difficulties, and stabilize farmers' emotions, the promotion team began to experiment with the eradication of pear tree diseases and insect pests. The big cow experimented with a sick pear tree in his own house, but due to carelessness, the pear tree was cured to death, which increased the farmer's hesitation about the new method.
Rahim wanted to be regrouped because of her father-in-law's backwardness. After the inspiration and encouragement of the big cow, the two eliminated the misunderstanding, and La Ying followed the second lady to get the cottonseed. The extension team reviewed the reasons for the failure of the work, invited agricultural experts, and began to treat the insects for the second time. Zhang Laowu still insisted on not believing, Yang Liansheng tried to take the lead, while the others were still waiting.
Du Tiancheng and Liu Lao'er saw that the new law had been repeatedly implemented in an attempt to use Zhang Laowu's empiricism to influence the masses, and were severely warned by Da Niu and Zhang Guobao. Zhang Laowu was in a bad mood because he was criticized by his family, and he remembered his fellow villager Zhou County Party Committee (Wang Li). The Zhou County Party Committee came to Dujiazhuang, and new agricultural machinery was also opened to the village. The Zhou County Party Committee called on everyone to work with the government to find ways to tide over the difficulties. After everyone's intense labor, the pear tree diseases and insect pests were eliminated. The peasants were finally liberated from the backward mode of production, and the work of popularization was realized. Everyone rushed to cure pear trees and lead cotton seeds, and actively participated in the climax of the large-scale production of planting good cotton. The Zhou County Party Committee went from this village to that village, and the masses warmly bid him farewell.
Zhang Laowu told him that after receiving the cotton, he would do a happy event for Zhang Guobao and La Ying. In the midst of laughter, the farmers ushered in a bumper harvest of cotton, and the life of the farmers was even happier.
"Farmhouse" is the first film in New China to show the rural themes of the peaceful era, and the main contradiction faced by the protagonist of the film, Zhang Guobao, is the backward agricultural ideology and concept and the controlled landlords who are secretly stirring up trouble. Because the first "town counter-movement" had not yet begun when the film was filmed, compared with many films, the landlord Du Tiancheng in this film did not seem to be the "worst", and for the film, the resistance to the "progress of the event" was not strong enough, and it was precisely because of the lack of a "strong" villain that the film was a little weak in the portrayal of the main character Zhang Guobao - he did not seem to play the "initiative and control" that a protagonist should have. However, because most of the actors in this film are from Shanghai, where the film industry was most prosperous during the Republic of China, the overall level is relatively high in terms of actors' performances, but it seems that these "Shanghai Beach" actors come to play the peasants in the northeast countryside seem to be a little "foreign".
The screenwriter of this film, Sun Qian, whose original name was Sun Huaiqian, was a Shanxi Wenshui man, Sun Qian, who entered the training class for art cadres of the Luyi Affiliated Army in 1940. In 1942, he was appointed Minister of Culture of the Third District of Baode County, Wenlian Wenlian of Jinsui Border District. After 1948, he successively served as a screenwriter for Long Film and North Film. In 1962, he was appointed vice chairman of the Shanxi Writers Association Branch. His major works include film and literary scripts "When the Grapes Are Ripe", "Harvest", "Tear Stains", "Our Veterans", "Mother-in-law of the Yellow Land" and so on. In 1996, film playwright and writer Sun Qian died at the age of 76.
Sun Qian
The director of this film, Zhang Ke, is a native of Baodi, Hebei Province, and participated in dramas and "Zuolian" literary and artistic activities in Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai in his early years. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he joined the anti-enemy drama team and directed a number of progressive and anti-war plays for nine years. In 1947, Zhang Ke joined Kunlun Pictures and joined the Party. After liberation, he served as a member of the Film Room of the Literature and Art Department of the Shanghai Military Control Commission. He participated in the takeover of the Kuomintang film organization and later served as a director at the Shanghai Film Studio. In 1950, after directing the release of the first film, Farm Stay. In 1951, he co-directed "Shangrao Concentration Camp" with Sha Meng, which won the second prize of the Ministry of Culture's Excellent Film Award from 1949 to 1955. Later, he directed films such as "The Great Starting Point" and "Minjiang Orange Red". In 1955, Zhang Ke participated in the preparation of the Beijing Film Academy, and later served as the director of the Acting Department, the Director of the Directing Department, and the Vice Dean, and devoted himself to cultivating young Chinese film artistic talents. He is the author of "On the Visuality of Film Art" and many papers. He is a director of the Chinese Filmmakers Association. In 1989, film artist Zhang Ke died at the age of 75.
Zhang Ke
In this film, Zhang Baoguo plays the protagonist of weiyu plain name Pan Zuxun, whose ancestral home is Shaoxing, Zhejiang, and was born in Okayama, Japan. When he was young, he attended primary school in Tianjin and later in middle school in Shanghai. In 1938, he participated in the Second Anti-Enemy Drama Team and the Association of Dramatists in Hong Kong in Hankou, performing plays such as "Family Broken And Dead" and "Professor Mamen". In 1942, he entered the Shanghai Conservatory of Music to study, after graduation joined the Beiping Nanbei Drama Society, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, as an actor in the Shanghai Film Studio, in 1973, transferred to the Shanghai Film Translation and Production Factory Director and Actor Group Leader, friends who like to translate and produce should be familiar with his name, he directed the famous translation films such as the American film "The Great Dictator", "Before and After the Stage", the British film "Tragedy on the Nile", the French film "The Silent Man", "The Earl of Kidushan", "Les Misérables" and the Japanese film "Wangxiang", "Life and Death Love". Gorgeous Family" and so on. He has also voiced several films, including Ranger Chronicles. In 1988, the famous translation and production director Wei Yuping died at the age of 68.
Wei Yuping
Before 1949, Zhang Fa was already a popular student in Shanghai 'Wenhua', "CLP Second Factory", "Qiming" and other film companies, starring in more than a dozen films such as "Long Live the Wife" and "Nightclub". After liberation, Zhang Fa began to transform in the "role selection", mainly "workers and peasants and soldiers", "Farm Stay" played an old farmer, and then played the image of workers, the People's Liberation Army, Zhang Fa's impressive role is the head of the People's Liberation Army, the more famous is "Red Sun", in 2001, the famous film performance artist Zhang Fa died at the age of 82.
Zhang Fa
There are a number of "villain actors" on the Chinese film screen, and at the same time that Chen Qiangfanghua of the Northeast Film Studio began to enter the role of "villain", Bai Mu, an actor at the Shanghai Film Studio in the south, is also adding the ranks of "villain actors". He played the landlord Du Tiancheng in this film, and two years later, in 1952, Bai Mu's most classic villain role on the screen was born, which was the enemy chief of staff in "Southern Expedition and Northern War". Originally from Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Bai Mu was born in Tianjin, and at the age of thirteen he worked as an apprentice and handyman in Changchun. In 1941, Bai Mu joined the Chinese TravelIng Theater Troupe as an actor. In 1943, he joined the Hard work troupe, in 1947 he became a film, and after 1949, he successively served as an actor in the Shanghai Film Studio, the deputy head of the actor troupe, and the fourth and fifth directors of the China Film Association. He has starred in important film works in New China such as "Southern Expedition and Northern War", "Motherland, Mother", "Medicine" and so on. In 2012, the famous "villain actor" Bai Mu died at the age of 92.
White Mu
The female lead actress of this film, Qin Yitai, is well known to the audience, this article will not introduce, the next issue will introduce the first film in New China to show the New Fourth Army, "The Heavy Light of the Earth".
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