Jing'an District belongs to Shanghai Municipality, located in the center of Shanghai, adjacent to six districts, adjacent to Huangpu District, Hongkou District and Baoshan District to the east; West Changning District, Putuo District and Baoshan District; Changle Road to the south, bordering Xuhui District; and Baoshan District to the north.
In October 2015, the State Council approved the original Zhabei and Jing'an districts to "withdraw two and build one" and establish a new Jing'an district. The total area of the district is 37 square kilometers, under the jurisdiction of 13 streets and 1 town, 274 residential (village) committees. According to the data of the seventh national census, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Jing'an District 975707 people.
"Jing'an" is named after the ancient temple Jing'an Temple in the territory, located in the center of Shanghai, surrounded by 6 districts adjacent to each other, with a long history, beautiful urban environment, developed business and commerce, bursting with innovation vitality, convenient information and transportation, and is an important window for Shanghai's foreign exchanges.
In 2017, Jing'an District reconfirmed the National Sanitary City (District). In 2017, a review of Jing'an District confirmed that it would continue to retain the honorary title of National Civilized City. Best Leisure Travel Destination in China National Tourism 2018. In December 2018, it was recognized by the Ministry of Civil Affairs as the third batch of national community governance and service innovation experimental zones. On October 20, 2020, it was selected into the list of national double-support model cities (counties).
In 2020, Jing'an District achieved a regional GDP of 232.308 billion yuan, an increase of 1.1% over the previous year at comparable prices; and completed the district-level general public budget revenue of 25.014 billion yuan, an increase of 1.0% over the previous year. In 2020, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society will be 29.999 billion yuan. The total tax revenue was 68.585 billion yuan, down 2.4% year-on-year; the tertiary industry with the modern service industry as the main body achieved tax revenue of 65.866 billion yuan, accounting for 96.0% of the total tax revenue.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="31" > history</h1>
Jing'an District is named after the ancient temple Jing'an Temple in the territory. North of the Wusong River (Gudao), it was subordinate to Kunshan County before the 10th year of jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty (1217), and later to Jiading county and Baoshan county. South of the Wusong River (Gudao), it belonged to Huating County in the 28th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1291), and later belonged to Shanghai County in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Qiu River is the boundary river between Shanghai County and Baoshan County, which was filled in when the road was built at the beginning of the Republic of China. In the second year of qing tongzhi (1863), the south-central part of the territory was divided into the American Concession, and later as a public concession. In the twenty-fifth year of Guangxu (1899), most of the southern part of the territory was included in the western part of the public concession. In order to resist the expansion of the concession, in the twenty-sixth year of the Qing Dynasty (1900), the Zhabei gentry merchants established the Zhabei Engineering General Bureau and opened their own commercial ports. In 1914, the French Concession expanded, and the area south of Changbang Road (Yan'an Middle Road) and Xujiahui Road (Huashan Road) was all designated as the French Concession. The southern part of the old territory is the French Concession, the public concession and the northern part is mainly the Chinese border. In July 1927, the Shanghai Special Municipal Government took over 17 cities and townships, and in July of the following year, all the old cities and townships were renamed districts, and Zhabei City was renamed Zhabei District. In the 1930s, the Japanese army launched two battles of Songhu, and Zhabei District was almost in ruins, becoming a famous shantytown in Shanghai. During the fall of Shanghai in 1937, the Japanese changed Zhabei District into Zhabei Administrative Affairs Office and Hubei District Office. The public concession became an "island" before the Pacific War.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in 1945, the territory was divided into the 10th District, the 11th District, the 12th District, the 14th District and the 15th District. In 1947, the 14th District was called Zhabei District and the 15th District was called North Station District. On May 30, 1949, the Municipal Military Control Commission took over Jing'an District, and once changed the name of the district to Jing'an Temple District, and on June 28, 1950, it was renamed Jing'an District.
In the early period of liberation, the territory was divided into Jing'an District, Xincheng District, Jiangning District, Zhabei District, and Beizhan District. In 1956, the shanghai urban area was adjusted, the establishment of Jing'an District was abolished, with Fumin Road and Changde Road as the boundary, the eastern border was divided into the new urban area, the western border was merged into Changning District, and the Zhabei District and The North Station District were merged into Zhabei District. In January 1960, the zoning was adjusted again, xincheng district and Jiangning district were abolished, and the part west of Chengdu North Road, all of Jiangning District, and the east part of Zhenning Road in Changning District were merged to rebuild Jing'an District.
On November 4, 2015, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and the Shanghai Municipal Government announced the "Reply of the State Council on Agreeing to the Adjustment of Some Administrative Divisions of Shanghai Municipality", abolishing the establishment of a new Jing'an District in Zhabei District and Jing'an District. In March 2016, the former Jing'an and the former Zhabei District were completed, and the new Jing'an District was established, which began to become the current territory.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="39" > geographical environment</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="41" > location domain</h1>
Jing'an District is located in the center of Shanghai, adjacent to 6 districts, with Huangpu District, Hongkou District and Baoshan District in the east, Changning District, Putuo District and Baoshan District in the west, Xuhui District in the south, and Baoshan District in the north. The total area of the district is 37 square kilometers
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="45" > climate</h1>
Jing'an District has a subtropical monsoon climate, located in the center of Shanghai's "urban heat island", and its climatic characteristics have the following characteristics: spring and summer come early, autumn and winter appear late; the number of severe cold days is small, the first ice day appears late, and the final ice day is early; the average number of days with a maximum summer temperature above 30 °C is 67 days, 10 days more than that of the suburbs; the annual average temperature is about 1 °C higher than that of the suburbs.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="47" > administrative division</h1>
The People's Government of Jing'an District is located at No. 370 Changde Road. It administers Jiangning Road Subdistrict, Jing'an Temple Subdistrict, Nanjing West Road Subdistrict, Caojiadu Subdistrict, Shimen Erlu Subdistrict, Tianmu West Road Subdistrict, Beizhan Subdistrict, Baoshan Road Subdistrict, Zhijiang West Road Subdistrict, Gonghexin Road Subdistrict, Daning Road Subdistrict, Pengpu Xincun Subdistrict, Linfen Road Subdistrict, Pengpu Town, a total of 13 subdistrict offices, 1 town, 73 residents' committees, and 3154 resident groups.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="50" > population</h1>
The area of Jing'an District is small in size and has a high population density. According to the fourth census, there are more than 64,000 people per square kilometer, ranking first among all districts in the city. Residents come from all over the country, with Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces accounting for the majority. In addition to the Han nationalities, there are 22 ethnic minorities, of which the number of Hui is relatively concentrated.
The territory was originally a northwestern suburb of Shanghai County, originally a farmland and sparsely populated. After the Opium War, colonialists encroached on land in Shanghai to establish a concession, and at the end of the 19th century, most of the territory was classified as a concession. At the beginning of the 20th century, roads were built one after another, and the area around Jing'an Temple Road (present-day Nanjing West Road) and Caojiadu gradually flourished. Industrialists and businessmen have successively opened shops and factories, attracting a large number of foreigners to shanghai to make a living, and in addition to the frequent wars and chaos in history, the rural areas have been plagued year after year, forcing many people to leave their hometowns and flock to Shanghai, so that the urban population has grown rapidly. According to relevant data estimates, within the territory of Jing'an District, the population of Qing Guangxu was about 30,000 in the 26th year (1900), and by the 9th year of the Republic of China (1920), the population had increased to more than 150,000 people.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, when Jing'an District was established, the population of the district was 168,000; by the time of the liberation of Shanghai in 1949, the population had increased to 188,000. By the end of 1955, the population had grown to 207,000.
In February 1956, the Shanghai Municipal People's Committee decided to abolish the establishment of Jing'an District. In January 1960, Jing'an District was re-established. Due to the expansion of the district, the population of the whole district increased to 560,000 people. Although there was no change in the scope of the district, the population gradually decreased, and by the end of 1992, the population of the whole district had dropped to more than 440,000 people. In 33 years, the population has decreased by nearly 120,000 people.
Since the liberation of Shanghai, the cultural quality of the population in Jing'an District has been greatly improved. In 1951, the proportion of high Chinese was 8.59% of the population over 6 years old, and 6.62% of the population with a university education or above. By 1990, the population with high Chinese in the whole region had risen to 30.05%, and the population with a university education had risen to 13.2%.
Due to economic development and social stability, the people's living standards have gradually improved, and the life expectancy of the population has been continuously extended. The proportion of the elderly population over 60 years old in Jing'an District was 3.63% in 1951, 7.37% in 1964, 15.59% in 1982, and 22.23% in 1992, with the highest population aging in the city.
In the 1950s, population reproduction was in a state of unplanned development, with an average birth rate of 33.72 per thousand and a natural growth rate of 26.98 per thousand. Among them, in 1954, the birth rate and natural growth rate were as high as 42.31 ‰ and 35.8 ‰ respectively. Since the introduction of family planning in 1963, births and natural population growth have been effectively controlled. In the 1960s, the average birth rate of the population fell to 13.36 ‰, with a natural growth rate of 7.73 ‰; in the 1970s, the average population birth rate continued to decline to 7.36 ‰, with a natural growth rate of 0.77 ‰; in the early 1980s, there was a small peak in fertility in the whole region, and the average birth rate in 1983 rose to 15.67 ‰, and the natural growth rate rose to 7.72 ‰; by 1990, the birth rate of the population fell to 9.52 ‰, and the natural growth rate fell to 1.06 ‰. In 1991 and 1992, the population experienced negative growth, -2.12 ‰ and -3.49 ‰ respectively. The population of the whole district has entered a planned development track.
In 2013, the permanent population of Jing'an District was 249,900, the registered population was 296,100, and the permanent resident population was 60,300. Among the registered population, the population aged 60 and above is 90,600, accounting for 30.6% of the total population. The average life expectancy of the registered population is 83.96 years.
At the end of 2014, the total number of households registered in Jing'an District was 99,900. Among them: 99,700 households. The total registered population was 293,100, down 1.02% year-on-year. Among them, there were 94,800 people aged 60 and above, an increase of 4.63% year-on-year, accounting for 32.34% of the total registered population. There were 20,200 people aged 80 and above, an increase of 1.0% year-on-year, accounting for 6.89% of the total registered population. There were 168 people over the age of 100, an increase of 2.43% year-on-year. The birth rate of the registered population is 8.638 per thousand, and the natural population growth rate is -0.961 per thousand. At the end of the year, the permanent population was 248,600, down 0.5% year-on-year. Among them: 58,900 people living in foreign countries.
At the end of 2016, the permanent population of the whole district was 1.0678 million, down 0.58% year-on-year. Among them, the permanent population of household registration is 807,000 people, and the permanent population of foreign residents is 260,800 people.
By the end of 2017, the permanent population of the whole district was 1.0662 million, down 0.15% year-on-year. Among them, the permanent population of household registration is 799,400, and the permanent population of foreign residents is 266,800. By the end of the year, the total number of households registered in the district was 341,700. The total registered population is 939,300, of which 461,100 are males and 478,200 are females. There are 342,100 registered elderly people aged 60 or above, accounting for 36.4% of the total population; 59,600 elderly people aged 80 and above, accounting for 6.3% of the total population; and 217 elderly people aged 100 and above, accounting for 0.02% of the total population.
According to the data of the seventh national census, as of 00:00 on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Jing'an District 975707 people
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="67" > economy</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="69" > review</h1>
Before the liberation of Shanghai, there was no financial institution in the territory. In the 1920s and 1930s, with the development of the industrial and commercial economy, the banking industry successively set up branches in the territory, reaching 43 in the 36th year of the Republic of China (1947). Before the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, there was only 1 pawn industry, and by the 36th year of the Republic of China, it had suddenly increased to 85.
After the liberation of Shanghai, the district finance and taxation agencies were successively established. In August 1950, the Jing'an, Xincheng and Jiangning District Bureaus of the Shanghai Municipal Taxation Bureau were established. In 1952, the district government established the Finance Division. At the end of 1958, the District Finance Section merged with the Taxation Sub-Bureau to form the District Finance Bureau. In January 1960, the Jing'an District Finance Bureau was established. In September 1962, the Jing'an District Taxation Bureau was rebuilt, and the District Finance Bureau was abolished, and the Finance Section was established in the District People's Committee. In January 1972, the District Taxation Sub-Bureau, the District Finance Section and the Jing'an District Office of the Chinese Min min bank were merged to establish the District Finance Bureau. The bank system was restored in April 1978. In November of the same year, the District Taxation Sub-Bureau and the District Finance Bureau were set up, and two brands and a set of institutions were implemented. In 1989, the financial and tax agencies were separated, and the tax sub-bureau and the district finance bureau were established.
In the 1980s, the district financial management system underwent three changes: the first time before 1985 was the full amount of "unified revenue and expenditure"; the second time after 1985, the district financial management system was changed to "approved income base, fixed retention and over-revenue sharing", gradually transitioning to first-level finance; the third time in 1988, the implementation of "approved revenue and expenditure base, contract and hand over, increase revenue and share", the implementation of the first-level financial management system, strengthened the financial resources of the district.
The district finance develops accordingly with the development of production and the national economy. From August 1950 to December 1992, the district's fiscal revenue totaled 8.421 billion yuan. In 1964, the district's fiscal revenue reached 402 million yuan. In 1965, after the state-owned industrial enterprises were transferred to the Municipal Taxation Bureau for professional management, the district's financial revenue fell sharply, and the district's fiscal revenue in that year was only 0.27 billion yuan, a decrease of 93.28% over 1964. Since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the regional economy has developed considerably, and fiscal revenue has increased year by year. In 1992, the district's fiscal revenue reached 352 million yuan, an increase of 12 times over 1965 and a double increase of 116 million yuan in 1980. From 1950 to 1992, the total financial expenditure of the district was 1.205 billion yuan. Its expenditure on Chinese education, health and science undertakings was 722 million yuan, accounting for 59.91% of the total financial expenditure. The source of district financial expenditure funds is mainly allocated by the municipality. From 1950 to 1992, the municipal financial appropriations, the fixed income allocated by the municipality to the districts, the financial expenditure subsidies of the municipal approved districts and the income from the system share totaled 1.221 billion yuan, achieving a balance of income and expenditure, with a slight balance.
Since the liberation of Shanghai, it has long implemented the unified national tax system and tax law, and gradually established a foreign-related tax system since 1980, and by 1992, there were 26 types of taxes actually collected by the district. From 1950 to 1992, the district's tax revenue was 5.245 billion yuan.
The financial industry implements a highly unified management system and implements a unified credit policy, accounting system and deposit and loan interest rates. In July 1949, the Shanghai Branch of the Chinese Bank set up offices and branches in China to carry out savings business, strengthen fund management, and support the development of the state-run economy and collective economy. In 1952, the socialist transformation of the private financial industry was carried out. In accordance with the "Interim Measures for the Administration of the Pawn Industry" promulgated by the Municipal People's Government, the leaders of the PawnShop Home Port implemented the industry-wide public-private partnership in 1956 and changed it into a small pledge loan business, with a total of 6 in The territory. This operation was discontinued in November 1967.
Since 1985, the financial system has been reformed, and the district office of the Chinese Minmin Bank has been changed to the regional office of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, and the construction, transportation, agriculture, and bank of China have successively established branches in the district; restored and developed insurance institutions; and established five urban credit cooperatives, including Datong, Xincheng, Nanxi, Tongren, and Yan'an. In 1992, there were 5 foreign-funded financial institutions.
At the end of 1992, the balance of savings deposits and loans of financial institutions in the region was 4.857 billion yuan, and the balance of loans was 5.586 billion yuan; foreign currency deposits were 140 million US dollars and foreign currency loans were 2 million US dollars.
The Jing'an Branch of Shanghai Trust and Investment Company of industrial and commercial bank of China was the agent to issue the first shares of Feile Audio Company in New China in 1984, and in 1986, it established a securities trading point and took the lead in listing and trading stocks. In 1992, there were 31 securities institutions in the region.
In 2011, the total tax revenue of the whole district reached 21.75 billion yuan, an increase of 160.9% over the end of 2006, an average annual growth rate of 21.1%; the total retail sales of social consumer goods in the district were 26.3 billion yuan, an increase of 71.5% over the end of 2006, an average annual increase of 11.4%; the district-level fiscal revenue reached 7.48 billion yuan, an increase of 116.1% over the end of 2006, an average annual growth rate of 16.7%. The ranking of district-level fiscal revenue in the central urban area rose from the fifth place at the end of 2006 to the third place.
In 2015, the region achieved a regional GDP of 148 billion yuan, a comparable increase of 9.2%,; the district-level general budget revenue was 19.4 billion yuan, an increase of 12.5% year-on-year. In 2015, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society was 28.19 billion yuan, an increase of 20.5% year-on-year. The total tax revenue was 52 billion yuan, an increase of 15% year-on-year; the tertiary industry with the modern service industry as the main body achieved tax revenue of 48.79 billion yuan, accounting for 93.8% of the total tax revenue.
In 2016, the GROSS domestic product reached 164.972 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the secondary industry was 11.086 billion yuan, down 0.7%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 153.886 billion yuan, an increase of 9.5%. The added value of the tertiary sector accounted for 93.3% of GDP. The per capita GDP calculated by the permanent population is 154,500 yuan.
In 2017, the regional GDP reached 170.368 billion yuan, an increase of 7.0% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the secondary industry was 9.997 billion yuan, an increase of 3.5%,; the added value of the tertiary industry was 160.371 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%. The added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 94.1% of the regional GDP. The per capita GDP calculated according to the resident population of that year was 159,800 yuan, an increase of 0.53 million yuan over the previous year.
Achieved regional GDP for the full year of 2019 2298. $7.4 billion, an increase of 5.8% over the previous year at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the secondary industry was 7.171 billion yuan, down 3.8%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 222.680 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1%. The added value of the tertiary industry accounted for 96% of the regional GDP. 9%。 The PER capita GDP based on the resident population of the current year was 21. 730,000 yuan, an increase of 13,500 yuan over the previous year.
By the end of 2019, there were 57,634 registered market entities of various types in Jing'an District, with a total registered capital of 523.379 billion yuan. Among them, there are 4112 domestic-funded enterprises with a registered capital of 220.852 billion yuan, and 29025 private enterprises with a registered capital of 2395. 5.6 billion yuan; 3,623 foreign-invested enterprises with a registered capital of 62.562 billion yuan; 20,874 individual industrial and commercial households with registered capital of 4. 0.8 billion yuan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="86" > primary industry</h1>
Jing'an District is dominated by the secondary and tertiary industries, and there is no statistical information on the primary industry.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="88" > secondary industry</h1>
In 2014, the added value of the industry reached 703 million yuan, down 15.0% year-on-year. The total industrial output value of industrial enterprises in the whole year was 2.287 billion yuan, down 7.74% year-on-year. The annual tax payment was 220 million yuan, down 44.89% year-on-year, accounting for less than 1% of the total tax revenue of the whole region.
In 2014, the construction industry achieved an added value of 820 million yuan, an increase of 6.9% year-on-year. Construction enterprises paid 165 million yuan in taxes in the whole year, an increase of 1.6% year-on-year, accounting for 0.63% of the total tax revenue of the whole region.
In the whole year, the investment in urban infrastructure construction was 0.56 billion yuan, and the road area for maintenance and maintenance was 53,700 square meters. Dredge 214,400 meters of sewers.
The total amount of greenery built in the area throughout the year was 32,600 square meters. Among them: public green space 14,600 square meters, dedicated green space 10,400 square meters, roof greening 0.77 million square meters. At the end of 2014, the area of public green space in the urban area was 491,300 square meters, an increase of 3.1% year-on-year. The urban greening coverage rate reached 21.27%, an increase of 0.04 percentage points year-on-year. The per capita public green area is 1.66 square meters.
A total of 12,700 square meters of various types of houses were demolished throughout the year, of which 0.5 million square meters were used for units and 0.77 million square meters for residential housing. 196 households were relocated.
In 2017, the added value of the secondary industry in Jing'an District was 9.997 billion yuan, an increase of 3.5%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="95" > tertiary industry</h1>
In 2017, the added value of the tertiary industry was 160.371 billion yuan, an increase of 7.2%
Business services
In the whole year, the tax revenue of the commercial and trade service industry was 17.584 billion yuan, an increase of 21.0% over the previous year, accounting for 25.6% of the total tax revenue of the whole region, an increase of 3.2 percentage points over the previous year; of which: the wholesale industry achieved tax revenue of 12.966 billion yuan, an increase of 20.2%, accounting for 18.9% of the tax revenue of the whole region, an increase of 2.3 percentage points over the previous year.
Professional services
In the whole year, the tax revenue of the professional service industry was 13.449 billion yuan, an increase of 13.0% over the previous year, accounting for 19.6% of the total tax revenue of the whole region, an increase of 1.3 percentage points over the previous year. Among them: enterprise management services achieved tax revenue of 7.409 billion yuan, an increase of 14.2%; business consulting services achieved tax revenue of 6.040 billion yuan, an increase of 11.6%.
Financial services
In the whole year, the tax revenue of the financial services industry was 8.800 billion yuan, down 26.4% from the previous year, accounting for 12.8% of the total tax revenue of the whole region, down 5.6 percentage points from the previous year. Among them: financial market services achieved tax revenue of 6.947 billion yuan, down 27.9%.
Cultural and creative services
In the whole year, the tax revenue of the cultural and creative service industry was 4.052 billion yuan, an increase of 9.3% over the previous year, accounting for 5.9% of the total tax revenue of the whole region, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year. Among them, the advertising and media industry achieved tax revenue of 1.305 billion yuan, down 4.3%; the scientific research and creative service industry achieved tax revenue of 1.882 billion yuan, an increase of 19.4%.
Information services
In the whole year, the tax revenue of the information service industry was 4.417 billion yuan, an increase of 9.4% over the previous year, accounting for 6.4% of the total tax revenue of the whole region, an increase of 0.2 percentage points over the previous year. Among them: the software and data service industry achieved tax revenue of 2.282 billion yuan, an increase of 19.7%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="107" > social cause</h1>
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="109" > hygiene</h1>
By the end of 2017, there were 39 hospitals of various types in the district, including 9 tertiary hospitals and 11 secondary hospitals. There are 80 community health service institutions in the district. By the end of the year, the number of doctors per 1,000 people in the district reached 6.26, the number of beds per 1,000 people was 12.95, and the number of general practitioners per 10,000 people was 3.7. By the end of the year, the number of visits to various medical and health institutions in the region reached 26.7088 million, of which 26.621 million were outpatient and emergency departments. 542,200 people were admitted to the hospital and 1,113,700 people were examined for health examinations.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="111" > culture</h1>
By the end of 2017, there were 212 cultural facilities of various types in the district, including 14 cinemas, 19 theaters, 13 community cultural centers, 2 district libraries, and 14 street book stations. By the end of the year, there were 1 mass cultural institution, 149 cultural market management institutions and 9 cultural relics institutions in the whole region. There are 33 art performance venues, with a total area of 137,000 square meters, 4,903 art performances throughout the year, and 2.81 million audiences.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="114" > sports</h1>
By the end of 2017, there were 634,100 square meters of construction area of various types of sports venues in the district, and the per capita sports area was 0.58 square meters. From October to the end of the year, there were 705 community fitness facilities of various types in the district, including 649 community fitness gardens, 34 fitness trails, 22 community public sports fields, and 5454 community fitness equipment.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="116" > education</h1>
By the end of the 2016-2017 school year, there were 55 middle schools in the district, including 53 general middle schools, 2 vocational high schools, 44 primary schools, and 85 kindergartens. By the end of the 2016-2017 school year, there were 33,745 students in ordinary secondary schools, 1,551 students in vocational schools, 34,808 students in primary schools, 22,631 students in kindergartens, and 360 students in special education schools. By the end of the 2016-2017 school year, the enrollment rate of kindergarten-age children in the district has reached 100%; the enrollment rate of 9 primary school-age children has reached 100%; the compulsory education penetration rate has reached 100%; and the admission rate of ordinary colleges and universities has reached 87.99%.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="118" > technology</h1>
In 2017, 3066 patents were applied, including 993 invention patents, 1570 utility models and 503 designs; 1858 patents were authorized, including 389 invention patents, 1108 utility models and 361 designs. 26 high-tech achievement transformation projects have been identified. In the whole year, 371 technical projects of various types were traded, with a transaction amount of 988 million yuan.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="120" > traffic environment</h1>
In the middle of the 19th century, the territory was a water town with a dense network of rivers, connected by ferry boats and pedestrian bridges. Beginning in the first year of the Qing Dynasty (1862), the British colonialists crossed the border from east to west to build roads, and by the 1930s, there were more than 50 roads in the territory, and the road network was basically formed.
Domestic overland passenger transport used palanquins and horse-drawn carriages as early means of transportation for citizens. At the end of the 19th century, passenger and freight were mainly borne by rickshaws. Motor vehicles began in the early 20th century. In the 23rd year of the Qing Dynasty (1907), the British Shanghai Tram Company was established on Hede Road (now Changde Road), and Guangxu opened the first tram line in Shanghai in February 34. In August of the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), Dong Xingsheng, a Chinese businessman, opened the office car company and opened the first bus line in Shanghai. On the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, there were 3 tram lines, 4 trolleybus lines and 7 bus lines that originated or passed through the territory, all of which were bureaucratic capital and foreign enterprises. After the liberation of Shanghai, with the recovery and development of the national economy, the development of state-owned public transportation has been relatively fast. From 1950 to 1966, there were 18 routes passing through the district. During the Cultural Revolution, only 2 bus lines were opened, and 1 line was cut. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, with the reform and opening up and economic development, the public transportation industry has developed rapidly. The number of bus lines through the district has increased to 49, in addition to the Changri line, there are also peak lines and overnight lines; there are 3 Kanghua bus lines of Kanghua Public Transport Associate Company and 2 small bus lines of Zhenhua Taxi Company. There are 3,781 large, medium and small taxi buses operated by the whole people, collective enterprises and self-employed households in the region.
The domestic freight cars began in the 16th year of the Republic of China, and on the eve of the liberation of Shanghai, there were 43 private freight cars and 82 vehicles, which were responsible for the transportation of bulk commodities. After liberation, the freight industry developed rapidly. At the end of 1992, there were 637 industrial and commercial enterprises in the zone, with 2122 freight cars and 5912.59 truck tons; there were 33 transport service enterprises such as lifting and installation, packaging and consignment, and international freight forwarding, with 33 freight cars and 210.1 truck tons; and 73 individual freight cars and 68.2 vehicle tons.
There is about 1.63 kilometers of waters of the Wusong River (present-day Suzhou Creek), which is the boundary river between Jing'an District and Zhabei District. In the 18th year of the Republic of China, 5 ferries such as TongjiDu were established successively, which played a certain role in facilitating transportation at that time. There are also 3 manure and garbage docks on Huai'an Road.
Before the liberation of Shanghai, the postal equipment in the territory was simple and backward, and the telecommunications network was scarce. By September 1949, there were 3 post and telecommunications offices with 6,700 telephone exchange facilities. After the liberation of Shanghai, especially after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the post and telecommunications industry has developed rapidly. In 1992, there were 7 post and telecommunications branches and post and telecommunications offices; 1 telecommunications service office, 3 newspaper and periodical stores; and 2 telephone offices. The postal and telecommunications business has initially been automated, the telecommunications functions are relatively complete, and the international long-distance telephone can be directly dialed to all parts of the world. New Changshu Road International Mail Office, Taixing Road Telegraph, Telephone Office and 38 long-distance telecommunications agency offices were built. The whole district has 65,000 program-controlled switching equipment, 387 public telephone stations, 834 telephones, and 150 emergency telephone service outlets at night. However, post and telecommunications facilities have not kept pace with the needs of modern economic development.
The per capita road area in Jing'an District is small, and there are many transit vehicles, resulting in traffic congestion, slow speed, and the speed of motor vehicles passing through busy intersections and densely populated areas does not exceed 15 km / h, and the congestion phenomenon is serious. During peak passenger traffic, the maximum capacity of the bus vehicle is 11 people/square meter.
There are 64 roads in the urban road network in the whole district, including 34 horizontal roads and 30 longitudinal roads; the total length of urban roads is 62.9 kilometers, and the road area is 1.218 million square meters. Completed the comprehensive renewal of 70,000 square meters of sidewalk boards in the area. Metro Line M7 Jing'an Temple Station and 500kV Expo Underground Substation started construction, Caojiadu 110kV Yuyao Substation was completed and put into operation, Changping Road Drainage System Pipe Network Transformation Three-Year Action Plan was launched, and Nanjing Road and Huashan Road Overhead Line into the ground implementation plan were promoted.
Jing'an District has a superior geographical location, convenient transportation, and easy access in all directions, forming a transportation network of railways, elevated highways, subways, buses, etc., known as Shanghai's "North Gate on Land". There are five long-distance passenger stations such as Shanghai Railway Station, Shanghai Long-distance Bus Terminal, Shanghai-Tai Long-distance Passenger Station, and many subway lines such as Rail Transit Line 1, Line 2, Line 3, Line 4, Line 7, Line 8, Line 12, line 13, etc. through the district. The Yan'an Road Elevated Road, North-South Elevated Highway, Inner Ring Road, Central Ring Road and other elevated roads are through, and the city terminal, Jing'an Temple Transportation Hub, and the Central Gonghexin Road Transportation Hub provide great convenience for air travel and travel transit.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="131" > history and culture</h1>
dialect
The Wu language is spoken in the Jing'an District of Shanghai, and residents speak the Wu dialect of Taihu Film Su Hu Jia Small Piece Shanghai Dialect Branch Dialect.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="135" > scenic spots</h1>
Christian Wynn Church
Founded in the 26th year of Guangxu, pastor Qi Qingcai, one of the founders, is one of the initiators of the National Three-Self Patriotic Movement. The earliest church was located on North Sichuan Road in Hongkou, and after the August 13 Incident, it was moved to Wangjiasha Garden (now Beijing West Road), and later moved to the second floor of the Ping'an Grand Theater at the intersection of North Shaanxi Road, and in 1941 it was relocated to the current No. 375 North Shaanxi Road. In 1958, the joint worship was implemented, and Huai'en Church became the only joint worship church in Jing'an District. In 1994, it was listed as a municipal building protection unit by the municipal government. Due to the damage, it was built in 1998 under the leadership of the Two Christian Churches of Jing'an District (Qi Changyi, director of the Jing'an District Christian Three-Self Patriotic Association, is the son of Pastor Qi Qingcai and the main person in charge of the restoration project), and was completed in 2002. The lobby can accommodate more than 1,300 devotees. There are more than 9,000 Christian believers in Jing'an District.
Huai'en Hall is located in the Golden Triangle of Commerce and Commerce on Nanjing Road in Jing'an, next to the Former Residence of the Song Family. After the restoration of the church, the number of overseas people who came to worship gradually increased, and the influence was further expanded, and it has become one of the main windows for the reception of Christian foreign affairs in Shanghai.
Christian New Grace Church
Located at No. 25 North Urumqi Road, Xinen Hall is a branch hall of Huai'en Hall. Originally a non-mainstream denominational public worship hall built by foreigners, it was called the "Church of All Nations" and has been called Xin'en Church since 1962. Occupied during the Cultural Revolution. After the resumption of religious activities, in addition to the daily Sunday morning gathering, there will be an afternoon cake gathering and Cantonese prayer.
Little Teresa
It is located on Datong Road (now Datian Road), so it is also known as Datong Road Catholic Church. Built in 1920. Little Teresa was a hermit nun of the Palais des Hautes de Lyss in France, and was only 24 years old when she died. His autobiography, A Brief History of the Spirit Heart, was translated as Chinese. In 1925, she was listed as a holy woman by the Pope. The Catholic District of Shanghai built this church in her honor. Activities resumed in 1993 to the present.
The Little Teresa Catholic Church is a Romanesque building with a spacious enclosure with a circular dome above the altar and semicircular windows and arches. The interior of the hall is exquisitely decorated, with pillars, floor tiles, lampshades and other special signs commemorating the rose motif of Little Teresa. During the Cultural Revolution, it was occupied by the Qunyi Radio Factory, which divided the church into three layers. There are more than 300 Catholics in Jing'an District.
Shanghai Buddhist Resident Forest
Located at 418 Changde Road, it is a place where Buddhists hold religious activities at home. First founded in 1908, the forest site was in sikkim (now Haining Road), later moved to Hartung Road (now Tongren Road), and in 1956 merged with other lay groups to move to the present site - Jueyuan. Jueyuan, formerly known as Nanyuan, was built in 1910 and is the private garden of the brothers Jian Zhaonan and Jian Yujie, national capitalists and founders of Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company. Later donated to Buddhism. There are three temple-style halls built in jueyuan, and there are buildings such as the Xiangguang Hall and the Dharma Treasure Hall on the side. The park originally had nine-curved bridges, rockeries, sky bridges, lake pavilions, stone monuments and so on.
Yuanming Lecture Hall
Located at No. 434 Yan'an West Road, it is one of the key buddhist monasteries in the Han area. Founded in the autumn of 1935 by the contemporary patriotic monk Yuan Ying. Its name is first, it takes the meaning of the highest theory of Buddhism, "Circle through ten directions, ming illuminates the Dharma realm"; the second takes the Buddhist gate ranking, taking the preceding characters of Yuanying and his disciple Mingyang. The old building where the Yuanying Master Memorial Hall is located was donated by his disciple Gu Liancheng and his wife. Later, the new building was built at the same time as the Beautiful Round Hotel. The Yuanming Lecture Hall has purchased part of the factory building of the fourth camera factory next to it, and will soon be rebuilt, and the old building will be demolished and built into a green space.
Jing'an Temple
Jing'an Temple was founded in the 10th year of the Three Kingdoms Eastern Wu Chiwu (247 AD), initially named Hudu Chongxuan (Yuan) Temple, the temple site is located on the edge of the Wusong River (present-day Suzhou Creek), the temple was renamed Yongtai Zen Temple in the Tang Dynasty, and the first year of the Song Dynasty Xiangfu (1008 AD) was originally named Jing'an Temple. In the ninth year of Song Jiading (1216 AD), because the temple site was close to the riverbank, the temple foundation was in danger of falling, so it was relocated to the bank of the boiling well in Lupu, which is the site of the present temple.
Historically, Jing'an Temple has been repeatedly destroyed. In 1946, he presided over the construction of a stone building of Ashoka in India, and dredged the spring and renovated the temple. After liberation, the Municipal People's Government listed Jing'an Temple as a municipal cultural relics protection unit, and with two grants in 1951 and 1954, a total of more than 20,000 yuan was allocated to restore the temple. In 1953, he presided over the revival of the only Shingon (Tantric) altar in the country that had been lost since the Tang Dynasty. In 1983, the State Council designated Jing'an Temple as one of the key buddhist monasteries in the Han area. In 1984, the Jing'an Temple Restoration Committee was established, and the people's government allocated a special fund of 300,000 yuan to re-repair the Jing'an Temple, which was basically completed in 1990. In 1998, combined with the construction of Metro Line 2, Jing'an Temple was re-planned and reconstructed. The Bell and Drum Tower, the Mountain Gate, the East and West Wing Rooms and the Daxiong Treasure Hall have been built. It is expected that by 2007, Jing'an Temple will complete its fourth reconstruction after the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the long historical process, Jing'an Temple has handed down a large number of precious cultural relics and historical legends, the most famous of which are the "Eight Views of Jing'an", namely: Chiwu Monument, Chen Chao Juniper, Shrimp Pond, Jiang Jingtai, Hudulei, Yongquan (the sixth spring in the world), Luzidu, and Luyun Cave. So far, the temple has collected famous calligraphy and paintings from past dynasties, Yun Han Zhao Hui Zhi Ge Stele, Ming Dynasty Hongwu Da Zhong He Song Ji and so on.
The current abbot, Master Huiming, is the fifth abbot after the founding of the People's Republic of China, following Dewu, Ganquan, Duhuan, and Zhenchan. He is a deputy to the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress, a standing director of the Buddhist Association of China, the vice president of the Shanghai Buddhist Association, and the president of the Shanghai Buddhist College. In order to build jing'an temple well, he put forward four major goals in life: first, to rebuild Jing'an Temple, put forward the slogan of "dedicating a grander and more magnificent Jing'an Temple to the 21st century"; the second is to proofread the Buddhist Scriptures and stone carve the Tibetan scriptures after the proofreading and pass them on to future generations. In order to fulfill this wish, it is pursuing a master's degree at Fudan University and is preparing to pursue a doctoral degree and continue to study abroad. In order to complete the proofreading task, he actively planned to establish a Buddhist Tibetan Sutra Researcher, hoping to bring together professionals and Buddhist circles who are interested in studying the Tibetan Scriptures to complete this ambition together; the Third Division launched the "Million Wishes Cast Golden Body" fundraising activity. It is planned to spend several years gathering the wishes of hundreds of countries and millions of believers to cast a statue of Shakyamuni Buddha with 2 tons of pure gold at Jing'an Temple (the number of donations has reached nearly 130,000, involving more than 40 countries), and will also cast a silver Buddha with 10 tons of silver in the Daxiong Treasure Hall of Jing'an Temple; the fourth is to dedicate himself to Buddhism for life, study the Buddhist scriptures, and purify all sentient beings.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="155" > famous people</h1>
Cai Yuanpei
Li Lin is like
Li Linxiang (1896-1970), a representative figure in the field of modern and contemporary education, a famous educator, diplomat and linguist, the founder of China's electrochemical education, the pioneer of Sino-European educational and cultural exchanges, the founder of the new Chinese foreign language education cause, the founder of the United Nations China Branch, and a representative figure of the anti-Japanese resistance in the cultural circles, is known as "China's Mahatma Gandhi" and "one of the ten educators who influenced Chinese history". Li Lin seems to have been one of the main promoters of China's diplomatic relations with Germany in the 1930s and one of the main promoters of China's League of Nations diplomacy. He has a profound foundation in Chinese studies, and is proficient in six Chinese dialects such as German, Japanese, English and French, and has introduced and published a large number of Western works and film and television works, and introduced China's excellent traditional culture to the Western world.
Teach loudly
Li Shengjiao (1935-2017), distinguished diplomat, international jurist, educator. On behalf of the People's Republic of China, he participated in the Sino-Burmese, Sino-Indian, Sino-DPRK, Sino-Soviet and other major international negotiations, such as the United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea, was recognized as an authoritative expert on the international law of the sea and China's borders and maritime affairs, was one of the main drafters and finalizers of the Chinese edition of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, and participated in the drafting and finalization of the English version, making outstanding contributions to the country's diplomatic cause, and was named and affirmed by Premier Zhou Enlai and received twice.
Zhou Xuan
Zhou Xuan (1918-1957) from Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, formerly known as Su Ying, was sold to the Zhou family as an adopted daughter in childhood, in 1937 for playing the singer Xiaohong in "Road Angel" and became famous in the film world, after the August 13th Shanghai War of Resistance, participated in the performance of the drama "Defending Lugou Bridge", and then went to the Philippines with the Shanghai Drama Art Society to publicize the anti-Japanese salvation. In 1938, he joined the Shanghai Guohua Film Company, starring in more than ten films such as "Meng JiangNu", "Tianya Singer", "Meng Lijun", etc., and starred in "Remembering Jiangnan" and "Nightclub" in 1947. Later, he went to Hong Kong to star in "The Secret History of the Qing Palace". In 1950, he returned to Shanghai as an actor in the Shanghai Film Studio, participated in the filming of "Peace Dove", and died in Shanghai due to illness.
Zhu Qizhan
Zhu Qizhan (1892-1996), a native of Taicang, Jiangsu Province, loved painting since childhood, and entered the Shanghai Academy of Fine Arts to study Western painting in his early years, where he later taught. He has founded the "Art Garden Painting Research Institute" with Wang Jiyuan and Pan Yuliang, and initiated the organization of the "Silent Society Painting Society" with Xu Beihong and Wang Yachen. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, he refused to socialize, immersed himself in the study of Chinese and Western painting, and gradually formed a style of indulgent arrogance and lush majesty, and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a painter at the Shanghai Academy of Chinese Painting, an adjunct professor at East China Normal University and Shanghai University. In the 1970s, the law changed every year, and its reputation grew greatly. His works are exquisitely conceived, bold in color, vivid in pen and ink, and full of curiosity, including "Selected Paintings of Zhu Qizhan" and "Painting Tan of Fetish Residence", etc.
Guo Le
Guo Le (1874-1956) was a native of Xiangshan (now Zhongshan), Guangdong, who went to Australia to earn a living in the sixteenth year of the Qing Dynasty (1890), and ran a Yong'an fruit bar for twenty-three years. In 33 years, he founded Wing On Department Store in Hong Kong and served as the general supervisor. In 1913, shanghai Yong'an Department Store was established and officially opened in 1918. He went to the United States in 1939. In New York, San Francisco, Yongan branch was established, and the Shanghai Yongan company was presided over by his brother Guo Shun, who later died in the United States.
Ruan Lingyu
Ruan Lingyu (1910-1935), an early Chinese film star, formerly known as Ruan Fenggen, scientific name Ruan Yuying, a native of Zuobuguan Village, Nanlang, Xiangshan (now Zhongshan), Guangdong, was born on April 26, 1910 in Shanghai. No. 9 Qinyuan Village on Xinzha Road is the former residence of Ruan Lingyu, a generation of red stars.
Sun Jinglu
Sun Jinglu (1923-1989) Shanghainese, born in Beijing, formerly known as Zhaoxin, joined Tang Huaiqiu's Chinese travel theater troupe in 1938, came to Shanghai to engage in drama activities, and joined the China Art Drama Society at the end of the year, playing a role in the film "Lonely Paradise". In 1940, he rejoined the Chinese travel theater troupe, starring in "Hong Xuanqiao", "Resurrection", "A Q Zhengbiao", "Sunrise", "Thunderstorm", "Wilderness", "Great Thunderstorm" and other dramas, and filmed films such as "Red Apricot Out of the Wall", "National Color Tianxiang" and other films, and in 1947, he performed films such as "Returning to people in the night of wind and snow" and "National Soul" in Hong Kong. In 1951, he returned to Shanghai, and in 1952, he joined the Shanghai Film Studio, shooting films such as "Fang Pearl", "Mountain Bell Ringing Malay Gang", "Joe Old Master On the Car" and often participated in drama performances. After 1978, he participated in the filming of films such as "Love, What Is Your Last Name" and "Joy Ying".
Hu Butterfly
Hu Die (1907-1989) actress. His original name was Hu Ruihua. Originally from Heshan, Guangdong Province, he was born in Shanghai. At an early age, he moved to Tianjin, Yingkou, Beijing and other places with his father, who was the chief inspector of the Beijing-Feng Railway. In 1924, he returned to Shanghai and entered the first actor training class of the Shanghai Zhonghua Film School, and after graduation, he participated in the filming of the silent film "Battle Achievements". Later, he successively starred in more than 20 costume films such as "Autumn Fan Grievance", "Liang Zhu Pain History", "Iron Fan Princess" and other film companies such as Youlian and Tianyi. In 1928, he joined the Star Film Company and starred in films such as "White Cloud Pagoda", "Burning Red Lotus Temple", "Laughing Cause", "Empty Gulan" and so on. Later, he starred in China's first wax disc dubbing film "Song Girl Red Peony", as well as left-wing films such as "Wild Flow", "Fat Powder Market" and "Salt Tide". In 1933, he played a pair of twin sisters with very different personalities in the sound film "Sister Flowers". In 1935, he participated in the Chinese film delegation to attend the Moscow International Film Exhibition, and accompanied the delegation to germany, France, Britain, Italy and other countries to investigate the film circles. After the August 13 Incident, he went to Hong Kong and starred in films such as "Rouge Tears" and "Absolute Beauty". Later, he moved to Chongqing to live. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he returned to Hong Kong, once engaged in business, and starred in films such as "A Certain Lady", "Youth Dream", "When is the Moon Full". It came to an end in 1967.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="183" > city honor</h1>
In 2017, Jing'an District reconfirmed the National Sanitary City (District).
In 2017, a review of Jing'an District confirmed that it would continue to retain the honorary title of National Civilized City.
Best Leisure Travel Destination in China National Tourism 2018.
In December 2018, it was recognized by the Ministry of Civil Affairs as the third batch of national community governance and service innovation experimental zones.
On October 20, 2020, it was selected into the list of national double-support model cities (counties).
On December 25, 2020, it was rated as the first batch of national cultural and tourism consumption pilot cities by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance