Text/Chen Civilian
The surname Chen is a Chinese surname, and there are currently 70 million people (of which about 50 million are Yingchuan Yan sect), ranking fifth in the country.
The surname Chen was chen hu gongfei man, which belonged to the ancestral fiefdom. Sima Qian recorded in the Chronicle of History, volume 36, "Chen Qi's Family": "Chen Hu Gongman, after Emperor Yu Shun. When Xi Shun was a Shuren, the second daughter of Yao's wife lived in Concubine, and later because of her surname, her surname was Concubine. Shun has collapsed, passing on the world, and Shunzi Shang is a feudal state. After the summer, it may be lost or continued. As for King Ke Yin of ZhouWu, after he asked For Shun, he was given the title of Concubine Man and enfeoffed to Chen in order to serve Emperor Shun as the Duke of Hu. ”
Emperor Shun was a recognized blood ancestor of the Chinese surname Chen. After King Keshang of Zhou Wu, Feng Shun's descendant Sun Concubine Man was in the State of Chen, and the capital of the state was Wanqiu (present-day Sanli, East of Huaiyang County, Henan), and his descendants took the state as their clan. Because there is a Yingshui from the northwest of Huaiyang County, the Chen clan takes Yingchuan as its hall name. Concubine Man was given the surname Kaishanzu for the Chen clan. After 600 years of vicissitudes, the State of Chen passed down 20th and 23 monarchs, and died in the State of Chu in the forty-first year of King Jing of Zhou (479 BC).
It is a book for Kangxi's "Genealogy of the Chen Clan of Tengxi"
After Chen's death, Duke Huan's second son Wen Benqi (文丰齐), Yi (邑于浚義), nicknamed Chen Liu (陈留), and the eldest son Yan took refuge and settled in Wuhu Mu (武牖, in present-day northeastern Lankao County, Henan). Chen Yan is the ancestor of the Humu Chen clan. In the first few generations, there were people who served Tian Qi as doctors. The seventh generation of Chen Congshan was a good scholar in Qin, and was the Upper Doctor. The tenth generation of Chen Ping, Zuo Liu Bangding Hegemony, Han Hui Emperor worshiped Zuo Chengxiang.
Chen Yi (104-186) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the character Zhonggong, was forty-six years old and served as the chief of Taiqiu, who migrated to the water's edge, was at peace in the countryside, and everything must be judged, and the county was quiet and quiet, and the people were salty. Shengji, Zheng, Qia, Chen, Xin, and Guangliu, along with the eldest son Ji (字元芳) and the fourth son Chen (字季芳), were known as the "Three Princes" by the people of the time, and after his death, Wen Fan was posthumously honored as the Marquis of Yingchuan, known as the ancestor of Yingchuan County.
During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Chen Ba, who established the Chen Dynasty in Jiangnan, was the eighteenth grandson of Chen Yi. Chen reigned from emperor Wu of Chen to the destruction of Chen Shubao (later lord) by the Sui, and enjoyed 33 years of the state (557-589), successively passing on three generations of five monarchs.
The Huizhou Chen surname belongs to the Yingchuan Chen clan, which is basically after Chen Baxian's brother Chen Tanxian, and then the descendants of Tan Xian's grandson Chen Hou's uncle Baogong as the main body. Emperor Wu of Chen's brother Tan Xian's grandson Chen Zhen (鑑鑑) and his descendants were among the earliest members of the Yingchuan Chen clan to move to Xin'an. The "Genealogy of the Chen Clan" compiled in the twelfth year of Qing Tongzhi (1873) records that Chen Tanxian's grandson Chen Jian "lived in Xin'an". Chen Jiansheng had two sons, and the second son, Chen Qing, "moved to Anjixi Township". The Branch of the Yingchuan Chen Clan went through ten generations from "Moving to Xin'an JiXi Township" to "Moving Shu Chuan" and finally "Moving Xi Shu Ma".
The three descendants of Emperor Baogong of Chen, Emperor Baogong, were divided into three factions of The Yingchuan Chen clan to move to Xin'an. According to the "Genealogy of the Chen Clan of Tengxi" compiled by Chen Feng of the Qing Dynasty in the twelfth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1673), the third son of The Great-grandson of Duke Zhongdao Shengxuan, Yi, and Yuan, the eldest son Xuan, moved to Wuyuan Huokou after the eldest son Xuan; the second son Yi moved to Qixi Zhuyuan after the second son Yi; and the third son moved to Xitengxi after the third son, and became the three major migration factions of the Chen clan of Yingchuan to Xin'an.
Portrait of Chen Xigong, the ancestor of the Tengxi Chen clan
Chen Yuan (陈轾), courtesy name Yanwu (彦武), was the third son of Emperor Zhongdao of The Later Chen, Shi Tang (仕唐), an official of the Two Zhejiang Provinces, and was made an envoy from Tonglu, Zhejiang, by the Xichuan family. The second son of Ren Shengqing and Lian. Qingsheng Bocheng, Bo Chengsheng Xin, Xin Sheng's second son, Chang Yue Li, the second Yue Xi. Chen Xi (陈禧), also spelled Hehe, was the 9th grandson of Shu Baogong. The "Genealogy of the Chen Clan of Tengxi" records that: "Emperor Wu was born with the mandate of heaven to jiankang, yang sui rebellion, shengong traces Xichuan, and then gonggong observes the tongjiang of the two Zhejiang families, and the three chuanxi gong values Guangming chaos from the Tongjiang river to avoid the traces of Xiuzhi Tengxi, and the surname is Chen Village." Hugh has Chen from Tengxi. ”
"Tengxi" is the name of chencun village in the western part of Xiuning. This area was originally one of the three major water transport terminals in the upper reaches of the Xin'an River, which was an ancient traffic artery and was known as the tongqu of seven provinces (now the main submerged area of Xiuning Yuetan Reservoir).
Before the Chen clan moved to Tengxi, the name of the village was known as Hong Village, and the Chen clan changed its name to Chen Village after taking birth and surviving here. Chen Dingyu, the 18th grandson of Chen Xi and the Yuan Dynasty name of Chen Village, wrote in his article "Miscellaneous Knowledge": "Wuli has mountains and vines, the old prolific green vines, the ridges and the streams, the real foothills, so the vine pits, the creeks are vines, the letters are evidenced." Also known as Chen Village, the actual surname of my surname is the village also. According to the village Wuzong did not live before, the real name is Hong village, and the surname of Hong qi lives in it. It can be seen in the Hongcun two-character class in the Imata Wenshu that the old natives in the family are still the leaders of Hongcun Kan, and the descendants of the Hong clan are subordinate. ”
Chen Xi is the ancestor of the Chen clan of Yingzhou. The time of the move was during the reign of Emperor Guangzong of Tang (880-881), and the reason for the move was to avoid the Huangchao military rebellion. By the twelfth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1673), the Chen had developed 38 factions in The two counties of Huizhou Xiuning and Shexian.
The Tengxi Chen family fan weighs "family morality". The "Chen Family Rules" put "family morality" in the first place. Confucius said, "Virtue is not alone, but there will be neighbors." The folk have a vice-yang lian wrote well: "No power, no power, no ambition, lack of gold and silver, lack of virtue." This is true of man, so is the family, and so is the kingdom. Thousands of indoctrinations, ten thousand indoctrinations, and the cultivation of virtues must be in the first place.
Portrait of Mr. Chen Que (Dingyu), an educator of the Yuan Dynasty
The Tengxi Chen family fan emphasizes "family system", "family system" is the family system, which refers to the system, system and head of the clan and family. It is emphasized that future generations "should be good for the good, for the sake of the children and grandchildren, and to think about the accumulation of good, so as to continue the unity of the previous public."
The Tengxi Chen family fan emphasis on "family learning", emphasizing that in doing academic work, we must pay attention to methods, first study the "Primary School", then study the "Four Books" and "Five Classics", then read the "Zizhi Tongjian" and "Zuo Zhuan", and finally study the Hundred Sons and Hundred Schools. This method of governance is also the gradual method of governance emphasized by Zhu Zi (Xi), and it is in this way that the two generations of educators Lu Changgong and his son Chen Que have come all the way. Explicitly listing "family study" as a family model content is a major feature of Chen's family rules.
The Tengxi Chen family fan emphasizes the "family precepts", emphasizing that "people are constant, and then they can change." If you do not change it, it is evil, so he who punishes him. This concept is in line with the concept of the Eastern Han Dynasty Taiqiu Gongchen Feast, the ancestor of the Yingchuan Chen clan. In front of his children and grandchildren, in front of the thieves who entered the house, Chen Yu called the thieves "the gentlemen on the beams", and zhengse admonished: "People must not help themselves." Unwholesome people may not have their own vices as sexual achievements, so this is the end. The gentleman on the beam is a man! "Taiqiu's fair heart rate, benevolent and tolerant Qingde, passed down through the ages." Mao Zedong once commented on the textual expression of "a gentleman on Liang" in the Book of the Later Han Dynasty: "People can be transformed under certain conditions." People will be at fault, and they can change, and they will be very good.
The birthplace of the Tengxi Chen clan is the ruins of Xiuxi Chen Village on the shore of the water
Tell a few stories about the Tengxi Chen family fan, shared with the readers:
[Jubilee Gongjide]
The ancestor of the Tengxi Chen clan, the Eastern Han Dynasty Taiqiu Chief Chen, was calm and kind, and was called "Three Kings" along with Ziji and Chen. Chen Xi, the ancestor of the Tengxi Chen clan, was the 29th grandson of Chen Yi, who strictly adhered to the family style throughout his life and accumulated virtue and praised goodness. He first moved to Vine Creek, lived on a boat, fished for fish, and often gave the fish he caught to his neighbors. He understands the tao of medicine, is good at treating difficult and complicated diseases, is kind to those who come to the door, insists on the benevolence of doctors, responds to all needs, and does not get paid for widows, widows and lonely patients. According to legend, the mother of Emperor Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty fell ill and the imperial doctor was helpless. Later in the evening, she dreamed that someone had given her two pills and asked her to swallow them, and after she took them, the next day, the pain was lifted. When asked where the people were, he only said the word "Xin'an". Emperor Renzong later ordered emissaries to visit Xin'an, and only then did he visit Chen Xi, so he sealed Chen Xi. After Chen Xi's death, Chen Xi was buried in Nanji Mountain (now part of Tunxi District), and nearby villagers created temples in his cemetery, worshipped corpses, and prayed at four o'clock.
[Father and Son]
Chen Luchang and his son Chen Que are not only father and son, but also teachers and friends. Chen Que said that when he was seven years old, his father "took it upon himself to follow himself, and the teaching was not enough, and when he was fifteen years old, he was already driven by hunger, and when he was fifteen years old, he shuddled his father's book out (sitting in the museum), and in the sixteenth year, he first asked his son to teach Mr. Huang Changfu, and Mr. Gu Lai enlightened him, and the father and son were from their teachers and friends, which was really the foundation." His father was familiar with the study of Spring and Autumn, especially in "Zuo Chuan", Chen Que always asked endlessly, and his father answered casually. Chen Que, who was not yet a year old, once imitated Liu Zongyuan in the form of a non-"Chinese" and wrote an article questioning the "Zuo Zhuan" and showed it to his father, who said solemnly after reading it: "Ru Weidong studied the Spring and Autumn, the Three Traditions, and the Chinese, but it was not for this reason. Ouyang Gong said: "Writings must wait for old age, and it is advisable to accumulate diligence and be young.". Ru Qi's precepts. His father's teachings deeply touched Chen Que: "Oak heard the words, sweated, and insisted on it, and still dare not do it." The spirit of strict management of the elderly has influenced his son's life, and he is the foundation of his son's achievement of academic teaching.
Hugh West Chen family rules (partial) book shadow
[Forbidden Evil and Righteous]
Forbidding evil and keeping righteousness, and curing funerals without monasticism, is one of the important contents of the Chen family style. Chen Que's ancestors have always used ancient rituals and do not do Buddhist deeds. When Chen Quezhi's father was bereaved, of course, he did not ask the monks to do Buddhist deeds, which was criticized by many mourners. He said: "In the past, Cheng Zi said, 'My family does not need to be buried in mourning, and there are also one or two people in Luozhong who have made it'. In recent years, Tongyi Qiu Fan Gong, Sheyi Gumei Wu Gong Family are the same, but Cheng Zi Daxian, Fan, Wu Rich, no one dares to be wrong, my family iii is unfortunately poor, the custom is just poor can not be done, so it is different. ”
Mr. Chen Que's "Seeking Gong Gong" refers to Fan Qi, a scholarly and poor Southern Song Dynasty confucian of Xiuning Bo Village, who echoes the family style of the Tengxi Chen clan for forbidding evil and keeping righteousness, and clearly writes in the sect rules: "Since the ancestors have passed on the rites of the Wu clan, they have been seen in the Tengxi Chen clan, and they can be known according to the genealogy, but they can be imitated by their descendants." At that time, some people thought that Chen Quezhi's father's funeral and not doing Buddhist things was the so-called "poverty can't even do it", so it was a new and different. In fact, he strictly followed Confucianism and adhered to ancient etiquette, and he believed that even if the family was rich, he should adhere to the family style. He explicitly told his descendants that their children "do not abide by the family law, not my descendants." Mr. Chen Que's great-grandson Chen Jun (Zi Xin, trumpet companion bamboo) faithfully inherited the family style of the Tengxi Chen clan for forbidding evil and keeping righteousness, and during the Ming Hongwu period, he also clearly wrote in a letter to his colleagues in Xiuning Lintang Fan: "Wuyi does not believe in floating tu, but Chen Fan's second family." ”