Zhang Yi, President of the Institute of Social Development Strategy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
"The short board of common prosperity is in the countryside, and if this short board cannot be solved, our blueprint for achieving 'common prosperity' will be insufficient." On December 1, at the scene of the 2021 Reading China International Conference (Guangzhou), Zhang Yi, president of the Institute of Social Development Strategy of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, was interviewed by Nandu reporters, briefly analyzing the relationship between the three hot words of "rural revitalization", "urban-rural integration development" and "common prosperity", and also depicting the implementation path of rural revitalization to common prosperity.
For Guangdong, where the development imbalance between urban and rural areas and between regions is insufficient, Zhang Yi believes that on the basis of continuously making up for this shortcoming, Guangdong should not only pay attention to "inclusive" development, so that floating populations, especially migrant workers, are willing to leave employment, but also continuously enhance industrial innovation and competitiveness and enhance the attractiveness of talents.
"Walking on two legs":
The overall development of urban and rural areas, the win-win cooperation between the east, the middle and the west
This year is the first year to comprehensively promote rural revitalization. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has recently released that the development of rural industries in various places has been accelerated, the rural construction action has been launched and implemented, and the effectiveness of rural governance has been effectively improved. Positive progress has been made in comprehensively promoting rural revitalization.
Zhang Yi has publicly pointed out that as long as the income from part-time work in cities or cities is higher than the income from agricultural planting or breeding, the flow of migrant workers to cities is inevitable. The flow of these migrant workers according to market changes has not only injected vitality into China's economic growth, but also brought necessary financial support for the prosperity of the rural market, and also created preconditions for the intensive operation of land, which has become a favorable condition for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.
In the face of the strategic goal of rural revitalization, Zhang Yi said that in the process of promoting, we must focus on solving two problems: First, rural revitalization should be jointly exerted by the two poles of town and village, and the other is to achieve the assistance of the eastern, central and western regions, and help the rich first to help the later rich.
"Rural revitalization is not to revitalize all villages and all villagers at the same time, this is a systematic revitalization process of integrated urban and rural development under the guidance of urbanization, and the city feeds back the countryside." Zhang Yi said that in this process, there will be changes such as the gradual reduction of the rural population, the improvement of agricultural science and technology productivity, and the relative concentration of rural residences, and those villages with low historical and cultural preservation value will certainly be integrated into the city in the future. Therefore, cities should enhance their attractiveness, and rural areas should also strengthen the professionalization of farmers, improve the degree of agricultural mechanization, automation, and intelligence, and promote the development of modern agriculture.
The two poles of the city and the countryside are working simultaneously in order to change the dual structure of urban and rural areas and solve the problem of unbalanced and out of synchronic development between urban and rural areas. Zhang Yi said that it is necessary to integrate the countryside and towns into an overall plan, continue to exert efforts, and make long-term achievements.
At the same time, it is also necessary to strengthen the cooperation between the east, the middle, and the west, and realize the goal of "getting rich first and helping the rich later." "It is still relatively difficult for the western region to revitalize itself; from this point of view, whether it is possible to continue to introduce relevant policies and measures so that the western region can obtain the same policy allocation during the period of poverty alleviation and help the western region to play an extraordinary role." Zhang Yi said that only by walking on two legs can we achieve the goal of common prosperity.
Enhance the recognition of floating populations
Let the "new Cantonese" be able to stay and be willing to stay
Compared with Zhejiang, a national common prosperity pilot demonstration zone, the imbalance in development between urban and rural areas and between regions is a long-term shortcoming faced by Guangdong to achieve high-quality development. Zhang Yi also felt that "guangdong's Pearl River Delta region is thriving, but the development gap between non-Pearl River Delta regions is relatively large." ”
In Zhang Yi's view, Zhejiang can build a common prosperity pilot demonstration zone, the relative balance of development between regions is an advantage, the first manifestation is that the income gap is small, "between regions, between urban and rural areas and between residents is small, for Zhejiang as a whole to promote common prosperity within the region, the first to grow up in the country, creating better conditions." He explained that this also lies in the fact that Guangdong has a population of 126 million, a large population equivalent, a large number of floating populations, and a low per capita GDP, making it relatively difficult to achieve common prosperity.
With the continuous advancement of rural revitalization and the integration of urban and rural development, whether it is urban or rural, it can become a big stage for people to start a business and find employment. While promoting the coordinated development of the region, Guangdong is also promoting the effective flow of resource elements.
So, what development experience does Zhejiang have for Guangdong to learn from? Zhang Yi believes that Zhejiang's "inclusive" development of innovative enterprises and floating population is worth learning from Guangdong, "Guangdong's floating population has a relatively low degree of recognition of the region, and it is necessary to strengthen the policy of cultivating 'new Guangdong people', and it is necessary to share the development results of reform and opening up, so that the floating population, especially migrant workers, is willing to stay in Guangdong for employment." ”
The second is Zhejiang's handling of pro-Qing government and business relations, "The party and government departments should strengthen the service and support for innovative enterprises, especially the development of private enterprises, which is conducive to solving the employment problem of urban floating population." On this basis, Zhang Yi suggested that Guangdong should further build influential and competitive enterprises in the world, improve industrial cultivation and development capabilities, and increase the weight of urban "retention".