This is the real Spring and Autumn Wuyue conquest (19)
Chief Writer: Idle Student
At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu Yue competed for hegemony, and Yue Wang Gou jian vigorously developed military science and technology, not only casting a lot of divine weapons, but also recruiting many sword masters to improve the level of combat in the Vietnamese army.
In Mr. Jin Yong's only short martial arts novel, "Yue Nu Sword", according to the record of "Wu Yue Chunqiu", it tells the story of a Yue Guo doctor Fan Li and the chief teacher of Yue Army swordplay, Yue Nu A Qing. This story should have had a great influence on Jin Yong, because the exposition of the principles of swordplay by yue nu in "Wu Yue Chunqiu" is in line with the martial arts ideas in Jin Yong's series of martial arts novels. Yue Nu said, "The way of swordplay is very deep, but it is actually very simple. The woman's body is thin and her body is not large, so the sword must not be impatient, first of all, concentrate on calming down, do not stare at the enemy's sword with your eyes, but use your mind to sense the enemy's sword qi, so that even in the dark night, it feels as bright as the sun. Second, let the enemy strike first, look for the flaws in his sword moves, and then strike in one fell swoop, as fast as a rabbit, the second attack first, the moves follow closely, like a shadow, vertical and horizontal, the eyes are not instantaneous, and the enemy is invisible. This is the highest state in kendo. "This is probably the earliest record of martial arts theory in ancient Chinese books."
Legend has it that Yue Nu also has a white ape named Yuan Gong, who is magical in swordplay, which not only appears in "Wu Yue Chunqiu", but also appears in various mythological novels and martial arts novels. For example, another masterpiece of Mr. Luo Guanzhong, the author of the "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the mythical novel "The Legend of the Three Sui Ping Demons", said that Yuan Gongben was a white ape who had been cultivating for many years in the Chu Kingdom, because the Chu Gongwang School hunted Jingshan, he connected the Gongwang with eighteen royal arrows, the Gongwang was furious, and the Xuanchu State God Shooter Yang Youji shot him. The white ape knew that Yuki was strong, and he was so frightened that he slipped away with a cigarette. Since then, he has hidden in the Baiyun Cave of Yunmeng Mountain, immersed himself in cultivation, and later was also named the Emperor of Baiyun Cave by the Jade Emperor, guarding the immortal secret book of the Nine Heavenly Xuannu (this book also says that the Yuenu is the Nine Heavenly Xuannu Xiafan), and the imagination is really rich enough.
According to the "Wu Yue Chunqiu" record, in addition to the Yue women, Fan Li also recommended a military expert who was good at the art of bow and crossbow to Jurchen, and he also played an important role in the Wuyue War for Hegemony.
As we all know, the crossbowmen are one of the important branches of the cold weapon era, because of their long killing distance, large area, relatively civilian operation, and great threat to chariots and dense infantry phalanxes. Therefore, in the late Spring and Autumn Period, the crossbow machine began to equip the army on a large scale, and the chief hero who made it fully promoted in Vietnam was chen yin, the Chu man we will talk about later.
In yue wang gu jian's interview with Chen Yin, Chen Yin told the Yue monarchs in detail about the evolution of bow and crossbow technology. He said that the crossbow machine evolved from the wooden bow, which in turn evolved from the slingshot, and the invention of the slingshot originated from a great filial piety in ancient times.
Legend has it that in ancient times, there was a filial piety whose parents died, he was very sad, wrapped his parents' bodies in white straw, thrown into the wilderness (at the right time, he had not yet invented a burial), but he was afraid that his parents' bodies would be eaten by birds and beasts, so he invented a slingshot, guarding the side, and as soon as the birds and beasts approached, they shot a stone bullet over, which not only saved the corpse, but also had wild food to eat, killing two birds with one stone.
So there was such an ancient song:
Broken bamboo, continued bamboo; flying earth, chasing meat!
This is the earliest poem in Chinese history, I am afraid it is also the shortest and most capable poem in the world, just eight words, the meaning is endless, Chinese Chinese, indeed exquisite,
Pictured: Ancient relics of the Li Slingshot
Later, our ancestors, the Yellow Emperor, according to the principle of the slingshot, "string wood is the arc, the wood is the arrow, the arc arrow is the benefit, to the four sides", not only invented the wooden bow and wooden arrow, but also used such high-tech to shock the four sides. It is said that the Yellow Emperor
still
The official position specializing in the manufacture of bows and arrows was named "Bow Zheng", also known as "Bow Chief", and their descendants were the "Zhang" surname among the hundred family names. In the ruins of Wangjiazui in Qishan, more than 6,000 years ago, a large number of finely ground stone clusters have been excavated, which also confirms Chen Yin's argument.
Later, the power of the wooden bow was carried forward in Chu Man and Dongyi, and there was an orphan named Arc Father in the land of Jingshan, who was young and helpless, hunting with a bow and arrow to make a living, and slowly practicing the divine skill of a hundred hairs. Arc father passed on the art of archery to Houyi, and Houyi passed on the art to Fengmeng, and Fengmeng passed it on for many generations, and when it was passed on to the Chu state Qin clan in the late Western Zhou Dynasty, the Qin clan made great improvements to the bow, adding wooden arms to the trunk of the bow, setting up a pivot, and finally making a more powerful long-range weapon crossbow machine. The so-called crossbowman, anger also. "It is said that its voice is as powerful as anger, so it is called its crossbow." The crossbow further strengthens the accuracy and firing power of the bow through more complex mechanical principles, which can be said to be an epoch-making great military invention.
Pictured: Ancient stone clusters
Later, the Qin clan taught the art of the crossbow to the three sons of Xiongqu, the ancestor of the Chu State. Since then, the Qin clan's bow and crossbow archery has been passed down in the Chu Kingdom, and after it was passed to the King of Chu Ling, it was divided into many schools, most of which were not authentic. But Chen Yin said that his ancestors came from the Chu royal family, and they were the people before the Chu Ling King, and at that time, there was no mess, only the crossbow and archery of his faction were the most authentic.
Chen Yin also said that the advantages of crossbow machines compared to wooden bows are obvious:
First, the crossbow tensioner relies on mechanical strength, so it takes less time than pulling a bow, and saves physical strength, and can shoot more crossbow arrows in the same unit time, thus making up for the shortcomings of the crossbow machine having a shorter range than the bow and arrow.
Second, the crossbow machine has a sighting apparatus (Wangshan), which is more accurate than the bow and arrow.
Third, the crossbow machine has a divided baht scale, which can adjust the distance of the arrow, and the flexibility is better than the bow and arrow.
Fourth, the crossbow tension does not require much strength, so the average soldier can be competent, no better than the archer, and needs a strong physique and professional skills in opening the bow and aiming.
Pictured: Bronze crossbow machine
Because of these four advantages of the crossbow, the traditional era of chinese archery for thousands of years came to an end, and since then, shooting has changed from elitism to civilianization for the mediocre masses. If the bow was a hunting and war tool in the age of human enlightenment, then the crossbow was a more perfect and mature killing machine. The emergence of the machine has anti-elite significance, it increases the power of the mediocre, the number becomes a more powerful force. In the face of the indiscriminate pursuit of crossbows, the attitude of the West is to resolutely resist, and the attitude of the East is indeed to rush to it; especially at the turn of the Spring and Autumn Warring States, due to the expansion of the scale of the war, the crossbow, a civilian weapon, began to equip the army in large quantities, which led to a cruel Warring States era of killing people; this is like the Makqin machine gun that caused tens of millions of deaths in the First World War. Look, Westerners accepted this civilian method of warfare two thousand years later than Chinese; but once they did, they were better than blue.
Pulling away, in short, Chen Yin said the advantages of a large crossbow machine, and then he introduced the firing method of the crossbow: to stand like a green pine, to raise his chest, his feet into a T-shaped step, his left hand if he was attached to a branch, his right hand if he held his child, he raised his crossbow to look at the enemy, held his breath, and when he pulled the trigger, his whole body was as quiet as Tarzan except for his fingers, and after the arrow came out, the spirit was still fixed on the crossbow, and his consciousness had already followed the crossbow arrow into the enemy's heart.
Finally, Chen Yin mentioned the very famous crossbow, he said: "My mentor also taught me the method of crossbow, the three arrows go continuously, the birds can't fly, the beasts can't go, and people can't defend." If Wang did not believe it, he could build a shooting pool in the north of the city, and Chen Yin was willing to do his best to teach the people of the country. ”
After listening to Chen Yin's long speech, Gu Jian was overjoyed and immediately appointed Yue Nu as the chief instructor of the Vietnamese army's swordplay and was responsible for the training and guidance of the whole army's swordplay; while Ren Chen Yin was the chief instructor of the Vietnamese army's bow and crossbow, mainly grasping the manufacture of crossbows in the Yue kingdom and the construction of crossbowmen in the Vietnamese army. At this point, the light armored infantry carrying swords, shields and crossbows finally gradually replaced the large and bulky chariot soldiers with large targets, becoming the protagonists of China's military history, and shining brightly in the coming Warring States era.
By the way, Chen Yin was a Chu person, and at that time Chu was united with yue against the state of Wu,
maybe
Chen Yin was exactly the military instructor sent by the State of Chu, just as the State of Jin sent Wu Chen to the State of Wu as a military instructor and taught the Wu people the art of riding a battle front.