Genealogy of the Emperors of the Shang Dynasty and duration of their reign
The Shang Dynasty lasted about 500 years, from about 1600 BC to 1046 BC. The last monarch of the Shang Dynasty, Emperor Xin, after being defeated by King Wu of Zhou at the Battle of Muye, set himself on fire and died, thus destroying the Shang Dynasty.
The Shang Dynasty, the first dynasty in China with direct, contemporaneous and written records, is the longest existing dynasty in Chinese history, and is also the dynasty with the most emperors in history, and the 17th and 31 kings have been passed down before and after, in order: Prince Lu of ShangTang, King Taiding of Shang Dynasty, King Wai of Shang lai, King Zhongren of Shangyi, King Taijia of Shangwen, King Wodin of Shangzhao, King Taikang of Shangxuan, Xiaojia of Shangjing, Yongji of Shangyuan, King Taipeng of Shangjing, King Zhongding of Shangxiaocheng, Wairen of Shangsi, King He of Shangqian Ping, Zuyi of Shangmu, Zuxin of Shanghuan, ShangZhuang Wang Wojia, Shangzhuang Wang Zuding, Shang Qing Wang Nangeng, Shang Mourning Wang Yangjia, Shang Wencheng Wang Pan geng, Shang Zhang Wang Xiaoxin, Shang Hui Wang Xiaoyi, Shang Gaozong Wuding, Shangping Wang Zugeng, Agreed Wang Zujia, Shanggong Wang Liuxin, Shang'an Wang Gengding, Shanglie Wang Wuyi, Shang Kuang Wang Wending, Shangde Wang Diyi, Shang Gong Wang Di Xin.
At the end of the Xia Dynasty, the Shang state gradually became stronger, Cheng Tang was determined to destroy Xia, and under the conspiracy of the sages Yi Yin and Zhongyu, he formulated a plan to first remove the auxiliaries and then destroy the lord, and when the conditions were ripe, he returned to Xi bo (present-day Yanshixi, Henan) and held a "Jing Bo's Destiny" conference, saying that he was adhering to the will of Heaven to conquer Xia Jie, with the purpose of freeing the people from tyranny and suffering, and gaining the support of more than 3,000 princes, and then destroyed Xia and established the Shang Dynasty.
In the early Shang Dynasty, inseparable from Yi Yin's auxiliary government, King Wen of Shang was imprisoned by Yi Yin in tong palace because of his casualness and cruelty, leaving behind the story of "tong palace repentance", and later became a successful king;
However, from the beginning of Zhongding to Yangjia, the Shang Dynasty had successive disputes over the throne and repeatedly moved the capital, causing the dynasty to decline and the princes to rebel. This turmoil went through the nine kings of Zhongding, Wairen, Heqijia, Zuyi, Zuxin, Wojia, Zuding, Nangeng, and Yangjia, hence the name "Rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty". The Rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty lasted for nearly a hundred years, and it was not finally ended until after Pan Geng moved to Yin.
The Shang Dynasty used "Shinto to set up religions" to train the people of the world, submit to the king, and establish a "patriarchal system" so that the royal family and nobles could distribute state power according to blood relations and achieve the purpose of hereditary rule. The patriarchal system was particularly prominent in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
The Shang Dynasty still nominally stated the land and established the "well field system", which divided the land into blocks and distributed it to the common people. Lords were not allowed to buy, sell or transfer wells, but also to pay certain tributes, which was essentially a system of private ownership of land. During the Xia, Shang, and Western Zhou dynasties, especially the Western Zhou Dynasty, all land nominally belonged to the state, but in fact belonged to the King of Zhou.
At the end of the Shang Dynasty, the Shang Dynasty was absurd, and in order to please the spoiled concubines, they ordered men and women to play naked, played with the "wine pond meat forest", killed innocents at will, and chopped them into meat sauce or burned to death, and social contradictions have become increasingly intense. At this time, King Wu of Zhou united with the "Eight-Nation Alliance" of Yong, Lu, Peng, Pu, Shu, Qiang, Wei, and Qi as the main forces, and launched the "Battle of Muye", the Shang army was defeated and self-immolated, and the Shang Dynasty collapsed.
In the Shang Dynasty, the oracle bone is basically a systematic form of writing, which inherits the original carved symbols and the bronze inscriptions on the lower, which is the key form of the development of Chinese characters, and modern Chinese characters are evolved from the oracle bone. Since there was already a "system" in the Shang Dynasty, the emergence of Chinese characters should have predated many years before the Shang Dynasty, but there were no carriers like oracle bones or today's paper that survived at that time.
Oracle "quotient" word
The emperor of the Shang Dynasty was a son's surname, starting from the Yellow Emperor to the 24th prince of Shang Tang.
Watch a video of the same kind: Emperors of Chinese Dynasties and Shang Dynasties