"Zheng Boke Duan Yu Yan" is a famous passage in the "Spring and Autumn Zuo Shi Biography", written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian, writer, thinker, essayist, and military scholar of the Lu state in the late Spring and Autumn Period.
The article tells the story of a life-and-death struggle between Duke Zheng Zhuang and his brother Duan in the year of Lu Yin (722 BC) for the throne.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, in order to compete for the throne, it was common for fathers and sons, brothers, and monarchs to fight for your life and death, but this story deserves special careful reading.
Zheng Zhuanggong designed and deliberately connived with his brother Duan and his mother Wu Jiang, and eventually expelled his brother and relocated his mother. On the surface, Zheng Zhuanggong seems to be doting on his brother and obeying his mother's wishes, but in essence, he has sinister intentions and calculated deep calculations.
Or the old habit, leopard eyes directly on the dry goods, first copy the original in the next, like to see, if you feel boring, then directly skip, look at the back of the leopard eye interpretation.
At the beginning, Zheng Wugong married Yu Shen, known as Wu Jiang. Shengzhuang Gong and Gong Shu Duan. Zhuang Gong Huan Sheng, shocked the Jiang clan, so the name is "寤生", so evil. Love Gong Uncle Duan, if you want to establish it, you urgently need to ask Yu Wugong and Gongfu Xu. and the Duke of Zhuang took the throne, please make it for it. Gong Yue: "System, Yan Yi also, Uncle Yu died, Tuo Yi only ordered." "Please Beijing, make the residence, called "Uncle Jingcheng". Matsuri: "Capital, the city has passed through a hundred pheasants, and the harm of the country is also." The system of the first kings: most of the capitals, but one of the participating countries; medium, one of the five; small, one of the nine. If the present capital is not moderate, the non-system is also not controlled, and the king will be overwhelmed. Gong Yue: "Jiang Clan desires it, and it is harmful to it?" "Why is Jiang Shi tired of it?" It is better to do it early, and there is no way to make it grow. Vine, hard to figure also. The vine is still incorrigible, and the favor of the king is brother? "Many unrighteous deeds will kill themselves, and the sons and daughters will treat them." ” Even if the uncle orders the west to despise and the north to despise himself. Gongzi Lü Yue: "The country is overwhelmed, what will the king do?" If you want to do something with your uncle, ask for something, and if you want to do it, please get rid of it, and there is no one who will be born. Gong Yue: "Nothing, will be self-contained." "The uncle took it for himself, and as for The Extension. Zi Feng said: "Yes." Thick will win the crowd. Gong Yue: "Unrighteousness is not nicknamed, and thickness will collapse." ” After the uncle finishes gathering, the armored soldiers, with the pawns, will attack Zheng. Madame will enlighten. The public heard about it, and said: "Yes! "Destiny seals the shuai car two hundred times to vajing." Jing rebel uncle Duan. Duan into Yu Yan". Public logging of all yan. May is ugly, uncle out of the communist. So he placed the Jiang clan in the city, and the day of the oath: "Not as good as Huang Quan, no meeting." "Repent of it. Uncle Yingkao is a fengren of Yinggu, smells it, and has a dedication to the public. Publicly gifted food. Eat meat. The public asked, "The little man has a mother, and he tastes the king's xi." Please leave it behind. Gong Yue: "Er has a mother's will, and I am alone!" Uncle Ying kao said, "Dare to ask what is also?" "For the sake of the public word, and repentance." Right: "Why is the king afflicted?" If the land and the spring meet each other, who knows otherwise? "Obey it. Public entry and endowment: "In the great tunnel, the joy is also melted!" Jiang came out and gave: "Outside of the big tunnel, the joy is also leaked!" "So the mother and child are as they were. Junzi Yue: "Uncle Ying kao, pure filial piety." Love his mother, Shi and Zhuang Gong. The poem says: 'Filial piety is not poor, Yongxier class. What does it mean? ”
Originally, Zheng Wugong married a wife from Shen Guo, named Wu Jiang. After that, Wu Jiang gave birth to Zheng Zhuanggong and Gongshu Duan.
It is said that Wu Jiang was born in his sleep, and Zhuang Gong was born first on his feet, which frightened Wu Jiang, so he hated him very much and named him "寤生." ”
After Wu Jiang gave birth to GongShu Duan, he especially liked him, and wanted to establish Gong Shu Duan as his son, and repeatedly asked Zheng Wugong, but Zheng Wugong did not agree.
Originally, it was born of a mother, and it was the same flesh that fell from the mother's body, which should be treated equally, but because of the thickness of Wu Jiang, it finally caused a lot of trouble.
After Duke Zhengzhuang succeeded to the throne, Wu Jiang requested on behalf of His Uncle Duan that he be given the title of Zhiyi.
Zheng Zhuanggong said, "Zhiyi is a dangerous place, where Uncle Yu died in the past, if it is sealed in other places, I can do it according to your instructions." ”
Wu Jiang's request was very catty, and if she hated Gong Shu Duan, she wanted to frame him by sealing him in a dangerous place. On the contrary, Wu Jiang is very partial to Gongshu Duan, so this is a problem. A dangerous place must be where the fortress is, and gongshu Duan wants to make trouble according to this, which is conditional.
Zheng Zhuanggong saw through it and did not say broken, but said things in danger, and could not bear to divide his brother into dangerous places, which seemed to be not low.
Since you don't agree, you can use it to say something. Therefore, Wu Jiang requested that Jingyi be given to Gongshu Duan.
Everyone knows that Jingyi is a good place, but Zheng Zhuanggong is caught in a dilemma: if you don't let you go to a dangerous place, and if you don't give a good place, it will be difficult to be a person, let alone the king of a country and the head of a brother?
Therefore, Zheng Zhuanggong agreed, let Gong Uncle Duan live there, and called him "Uncle Jingcheng".
Zheng Guo felt that this was inappropriate, so he advised: "If the walls of the divided capital city exceed three hundred abbots, it will become a scourge to the country." The system of the first kings stipulated that the largest cities in the country could not exceed one-third of the capital, the medium should not exceed one-fifth, and the smaller ones should not exceed one-ninth. The walls of Jingyi are similar to those of the capital, which is not in accordance with the law, not allowed by the rule of law, and I am afraid that it will not be good for you in the future. ”
Zheng Zhuanggong said, "Jiang Clan wants this, I have to listen, how can I avoid this kind of scourge?" ”
The priest said, "Wherever the Jiang clan is satisfied, it is better to deal with it as soon as possible, and it will allow the bane to spread." The spreading weeds can't be eradicated, let alone your beloved brother? ”
Zheng Zhuanggong said: "Many acts of injustice will kill himself, and he will surely collapse on his own. ”
The people outside who don't know it really think that Zheng Zhuanggong doted on his brother and gave a big Jingyi to his brother, except that he didn't know that this was a trap set by Zheng Zhuanggong, so he waited for Uncle Duan to drill inside.
Not long after, Uncle Duan betrayed the northern and western border areas that originally belonged to Zheng Guo and belonged to him, and openly quarreled with Zheng Zhuang.
At this time, Gongzi Lü Jin said: "There is no second day in the sky, and there is no two kings in the country, now what are you going to do?" If you are ready to give all of Zheng Guo to Uncle Tai, then I will serve him; if you do not want to give it to him, then I will go and get rid of him. As far as your words are concerned, don't let the people have doubts, otherwise Zheng Guoke will be finished. ”
At this time, Zheng Zhuanggong said, "If you don't get rid of him, you will suffer disasters himself." ”
Seeing that Zheng Zhuang did not care, uncle Tai included the northern and western dependent borders into the scope of his jurisdiction, and extended all the way to Liaoyan.
When the movement became louder, Gongzi Lu was anxious and once again entered the advice: "Now you can act." The land is enlarged, he will have the support of the people, and things will be difficult. ”
Zheng Zhuanggong said: "If he is unjust to the monarch and unkind to his brother, even if the land is expanded, he will collapse." ”
Taishu Duan's territory expanded, so he repaired the city, gathered the people, repaired the armor and weapons, prepared the soldiers and horses and chariots, and was about to sneak into the capital of the Zheng Kingdom. At this time, Wu Jiang planned to open the city gate as an internal response.
In fact, when Uncle Duan was making preparations, Zheng Zhuanggong was not idle, and it can be said that since the division of Jingyi to Uncle Duan, he began to make preparations, waiting for him to quell the rebellion when he plotted.
Sure enough, Zheng Zhuang heard that his uncle Duan was going to sneak attack, and immediately ordered Zi Feng to lead two hundred troops to attack decisively and go to Jingyi.
When the people of Jingyi learned that Zheng Zhuanggong had sent troops to fight, they betrayed Taishu Duan one after another, and Taishu Duan was defeated and could only flee to Yancheng in ashes. However, Zheng Zhuanggong still did not let him go, and continued to pursue him until he was driven to the Communist Republic.
After Zheng Zhuanggong expelled Taishu Duan, he believed that all this was the result of his mother Wu Jiang's connivance and favoritism, and his resentment towards his mother was not reduced by Taishu Duan's expulsion.
Therefore, Zheng Zhuanggong moved his mother Wu Jiang to Chengying for resettlement, and swore: "We will not see each other again until Huangquan."
After some time, Zheng Zhuanggong regretted it and began to think about his mother. But because there was a vow first, I was embarrassed to invite the old woman back.
At that time, there was an official in charge of the border of Yinggu, named Uncle Yingkao, who wanted to be a peacemaker after hearing about this.
One day, Uncle Yingkao offered a tribute to Duke Zheng Zhuang, who was very happy and gave him food.
While eating, Uncle Yingkao left the meat behind and did not eat it. Zhuang Gong asked him why? Uncle Yingkao replied pretentiously: "The little man has an old lady, and she has tasted everything she has eaten, but she has never tasted the meat soup given by the monarch, and I want to bring it back for the old lady to taste." ”
Zheng Zhuanggong listened with great emotion and said, "You have an old woman who can be filial piety, but I can't!" ”
Uncle Yingkao asked the reason, and Zheng Zhuanggong told him about the migration of his mother Wu Jiang.
Uncle Yingkao said, "How difficult is this, as long as you dig a tunnel and dig out the yellow spring water, you can meet in the tunnel, which does not violate your oath!" ”
Therefore, Zheng Zhuanggong saw his mother Wu Jiang in the tunnel, he was very happy, and said, "In the great tunnel, his happiness is also harmonious!" ”
Wu Jiang walked out of the tunnel and also said, "Outside of the great tunnel, its joy is also leaked!" ”
This means that mother and child meet in the tunnel, and their happiness is harmonious, and the world outside the tunnel is also happy and harmonious. Since then, mother and son have resumed normal relations.
As the saying goes, it is not appropriate to settle the knot, let alone between mother and child? Mother and child meet each other, and it is a happy thing to restore the relationship.
But leopard eyes still have something to say, don't spit unhappy!
First of all, Zheng Zhuanggong, as the king of a country and an elder brother, should advise and punish Duan, who did not abide by his duty as a younger brother, and should not be connived, and Zheng Zhuanggong was at fault from the beginning.
This is the reason why the Spring and Autumn Left Biography records this matter and uses the penmanship of "Zheng Boke Duan Yu Yan".
Because the brothers' struggle is like the struggle of the monarchs, they do not need to cut down but use "ke"; calling Zheng Zhuang Duke Zheng Bo is mocking his lack of education for his brother; driving away Uncle Duan is out of Zheng Zhuanggong's original intention, and not writing Uncle Duan automatically runs away is a difficult point for historians.
All historical officials in history have difficulties, so later historians have adopted such a hidden brushwork, which is also called "Spring and Autumn Brushwork." ”
Those who write history are well-intentioned, and those who read history do not carefully speculate, I am afraid that they will waste a piece of painstaking efforts of those who write history.
Secondly, if Zheng Zhuang really has this filial piety, why be afraid of his own vows?
From the perspective of the leopard eye, as far as Zheng Zhuanggong's entire routine is concerned, all this is a drama. Migrated to his mother, soon regretted, is there no meaning of making a play for people to see?
I miss my mother very much, but because of that oath, I am sorry to take her back!
The Book of Verses Daya Drunkenness says:
'Filial piety is not poor, YongSil class. ’”
This means: "If filial piety continues to practice filial piety, he will forever impress your kind." ”
The Spring and Autumn Left Biography uses this sentence in the Book of Poetry to praise Uncle Yingkao, saying that he is a person of pure filial piety. His filial piety touched Zheng Zhuanggong.
But Leopard Eye believes that Uncle Yingkao is not a pure filial piety, and it needs to be seen how he treats his mother? He helped Zheng Zhuanggong find his mother, is there no suspicion of patting the horse?
Before, Leopard Eye always thought that looking at a person should not only look at what he said, but also look at what he did.
But after reading "Zheng Boke Duan Yu Yan", Leopard Eye felt that looking at a person should not only look at what he said and do, but also look at what purpose and need he was for, that is, the motivation.
Let's say that this Zheng Zhuang Gong, after listening to Uncle Yingkao's advice, is just borrowing a donkey from the slope, which is a trick of the ancient adulterous male. If he really has filial piety in his heart, what can stop him from fulfilling filial piety?
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