Plant kingdom - knotted fern gate
Eukaryotic domain
Plant kingdom
Knot Fern Gate
Arthrophyta is a very ancient primitive vascular plant that forms a phylum, the Equisetophyta, also known as a wedge leaf plant and a sectional plant. It first appeared in the Early Devonian and flourished in the Carboniferous Permian. Arbor type reeds reproduce together with the scales and seals of the stone pine species to form forests in the tropical swampy regions of the Northern Hemisphere. By the Mesozoic era, this type of plant gradually declined, and the woody type was almost extinct. After the Jurassic Period (136 to 190 million years ago), there was only one genus of wood thieves, the same as in modern times. It was once used as a class of ferns, but recently it has been advocated as a separate phylum.
Wedges have roots, stems, and leaves. The stem has distinct nodes and internodes. Branches and leaves are rotated. Sporangia grow on the sporangia stalk, which is equivalent to a spore leaf. The sporangia are clustered at the tip of the stem to form a spore leaf bulb. Spore homomorphic or very insignificant heteromorphism.
The most primitive type is the order Pseudacephalus. The original fork leaves of the Early Devonian in the order Psyllid order were small-shaped herbaceous plants. Internodal differentiation is not obvious. Sporangia grow at the tip of the sporangium stalk. Forked leaves appear in the Late Early Devonian and Middle Devonians (about 370 million years ago). It is also a small herb. Their internodal differentiation is also insignificant , but the spore leaf stalk curves downwards. By the late Devonian period, reed leaves, also small herbaceous plants, had their stems differentiated into short internodes and nodes. Later , the order Psyllidosa further developed into three aspects : the order Psittaculosa and the order Wedge leaf were two evolutionary collateral branches ; and the trunk evolved into the order Wood Thief.
It is suitable for growing in the swampy areas of the northern hemisphere in the tropics.
It first appeared in the Early Devonian and flourished in the Carboniferous Permian.
Subordinate steel: Sphenopsida
Sphenopsida, also known as Eguisetinas. The term "Wedge" is commonly used in paleontology, while the existing taxonomy is often referred to as "Wood Thief".
The plant body of this order is woody or herbaceous. The stem is uniaxial branching (the original type is bifid branching), and the stem is obviously segmented, divided into nodes and internodes, so it is also called a section.
It is an early taxon of vascular plants, appearing in the Early Devonian, and forming the main species of terrestrial vegetation with the Lithospina from the Late Devonian to the Early Carboniferous. After the recession, most species went extinct, with the remainder being mostly small species.
Wedges are very ancient primitive vascular plants that form a class or phylum, also known as arthropods and knotted plants. It first appeared in the Early Devonian and flourished in the Carboniferous Permian. Arbor type reeds reproduce together with the scales and seals of the stone pine species to form forests in the tropical swampy regions of the Northern Hemisphere. By the Mesozoic era, this type of plant gradually declined, and the woody type was almost extinct. After the Jurassic Period (136 to 190 million years ago), there was only one genus of wood thieves, the same as in modern times. It was once used as a class of ferns, but recently it has been advocated as a separate phylum.
Wedges flourished after leafless plants such as gymnoferns and small leafy plants such as stone pines, and began to truly have the differentiation of roots, stems and leaves, the stems have obvious nodes and internodes, branches and leaves are born on the nodes, the surface of the internodes can have longitudinal ridges and longitudinal grooves, the stems are mostly with a wide medullary cavity, the primary xylem is three radial, and the outer end of the three radiated branches is the native xylem. The leaves are small, wedge-shaped, and arranged in a round-like manner, and the number of leaves in each round is often a multiple of 6, 9 or 18. The leaf veins are bifurcated several times and are fan-shaped. Spore reproduction. It was first seen in the Devonian Period and flourished in the Carboniferous-Permian Period.
Wedges have roots, stems, and leaves. The stem has distinct nodes and internodes. Branches and leaves are rotated. Sporangia grow on the sporangia stalk, which is equivalent to a spore leaf. The sporangia are clustered at the tip of the stem to form a spore leaf bulb. Spore homomorphic or very insignificant heteromorphism.
Subordinate categories:
Equisetales
Pseudoborniales
Sphenophyllales
Hyeniales
Psyllid order
Pterodactylosa, small trees, uniaxial branches, nodes and internodes, the impeller is born in the node, each leaf bifurcates several times, each lobe is deeply lobed along the edge into a pinnate, and the top of the reproductive branch is a spore sac, composed of a rotating sporangia stalk and bract. The leaves are repeatedly bifurcated into several leaflets. The leaflets are pinnate and fully lobed. Spore bulbs are long and loose and consist of spore leaves that rotate similar to degenerate vegetative leaves. Sporangia are born under the spore lobes. Appeared in the Late Devonian.
Subfamily: Pseudoborniaceae
Wedge leaf order, an order under the order Wedge leaf. Paleophyllum, a group of segmented plants (Wedge-leaf), is represented by the genus Wedge.
The stems are small, often wedge-shaped leaves in rotation, most of which are six, with fan-like veins. A slightly triangular nascent xylem is visible on the cross-section of the stem. The sporangia are long rod-shaped and consist of axle and rotational bracts and axillary bronchophylls. Each sporangia is born at the tip of 1-2 sporangia.
Herbaceous or climbing edge, weak stem, node and internodal, uniaxial branching, longitudinal ridge and longitudinal groove on the surface of the stem, stem is an external star-like middle column, primary xylem three-out radial, secondary xylem, phyllonythia, each round is 3 base numbers, often 6, sporangia spikes are born at the tip of the branch, spore leaf bracts and sporangia stalk two parts, homospore or heterospore.
The leaves are sessile and wedge-shaped. Spore leaf bulbs consist of compact spore leaves that differentiate into sporangia-carrying sporangia and infertile bracts.
Global distribution, occurring from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian. It lived from the Late Devonian to the Late Permian, and flourished in the Late Carboniferous and Early Permian.
Phyllonorycter, primitive arthropods, rhizomes with bifid branches, upright vegetative branches bifid or pseudobidiotic branches, leaves formed by flattening of bifidated branches, spiral or pseudo-rotundia arranged, on the reproductive branches into the sporangia stalks. Plants of the order Protophyllaceae are now classified as clades or Ary ferns.
Found in Europe and North America during the Middle-Late Devonian.
Hook fern ( scientific name : Hamatophyton ) is a now extinct genus under the fern phylum , classified as well as hyeniales and classified as sphenophyllales. The most distinctive difference between the genus leptophyllacea and other species of the order Cuneiformes is that there is no secondary xylem around the tip of its primary xylem. There is only one plant in this genus, Hamatophyton verticillatum, which is extinct.
The order Psyllidoptera is an order of Sphenopsida. The leaves are usually bifurcated repeatedly, splitting into linear lobes. Spore leaves grow at the tip of a branch, forming a spore leaf bulb equivalent to a very loose one. It occurs in the early and middle Devonians and is widely distributed.
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