Even if life is a long flash, some people see dust, some people see stars
Throughout ancient Chinese history, there must be countless candidates in everyone's mind when it comes to the "God of War", but if you say "kill the god", it is estimated that the first thing everyone thinks of must be Bai Qi! Whether it's god of war or god of killing? Do you really understand Bai Qi? Today, you may wish to work with the painter to deeply understand the life of Bai Qi and then make your own evaluation!
Bai Qi was a famous general of the Qin state during the Warring States period; the representative figure of the "Bing family", and was later rated as the first of the "four famous generals of the Warring States" (Bai Qi, Lian Po, Wang Qi and Li Mu). In his lifetime of conquest for 37 years, he attacked more than 70 cities head-on, and fought more than 70 large and small battles, without a single defeat (the history books recorded that there was not a single defeat, no matter how big or small the battle); posterity counted that a total of two million people died during the entire Warring States period, and the number of people killed by Bai Qi's subordinates was close to one-half of the total number of battle deaths.
Bai Qi first appeared in the history books in 294 BC, when Bai Qi served as the commander of Zuo Shu, leading the army to attack the new city of Korea, and the first appearance of the front and victory. Although this battle was not large, for the Qin state, this battle meant opening the door to the east.
Later, in order to retake the new city and form an alliance with the State of Wei, Korea had 240,000 troops in Kunhan Tun, and Wei Ran, the chancellor of the State of Qin, recommended Bai Qi as the main general and sent troops to attack the two states of Han and Wei. Bai Qi successively adopted the tactics of avoiding the real and attacking the weak, first weak and then strong, sending people to drag the main force of the Han army in the front, circling the main force of the Qin army to the rear of the Han and Wei combined forces, and through analyzing the psychology that the two armies of Han and Wei had selfish intentions and could not act in a unified manner in a short period of time, directly raided and defeated the Wei army, and then turned around and completely annihilated the Han army and captured the Wei general Gongsun Xi. In this battle, the number of Qin troops was only half that of the Han and Wei combined forces, but in the end, under the command of Bai Qi, the 240,000 allied troops of Han Wei were wiped out, and Bai Qi also became famous in the war and was promoted to lieutenant because of his merits. This is also the more famous battle of the Warring States period that won more with less - the Battle of Yique.
The battle for fame in white
The following year, the State of Qin appointed Bai Qi as the Great Liangzao and led his army straight to the State of Wei, the Wei army was defeated in a battle, most of the defending generals fled in the wind, and in less than a year, Bai Qi occupied sixty-one large and small Wei cities. At this point, Han and Wei were already vulnerable, and the State of Qin began to change the direction of its main attack to the State of Chu in the south.
King Zhaoxiang of Qin wrote a letter to King Xiang of Chu to lead the princes to "fight for the fate of chu". Originally, the State of Chu was already weak after the two wars of Danyang and Lantian, but when it came to the battle of the State of Qin, the King of Chu had to make peace and marry a Qin woman as a wife, indicating obedience to Qin. Soon after, a Zongheng family came to the Chu kingdom and explained to King Xiang of Chu the glorious history of the Chu state and the current shame, and the king of Chu Xiang made up his mind to resist Qin and began to send emissaries everywhere to lobby and conspire against Qin. When the State of Qin heard about it, it immediately sent Bai Qi to lead an army to attack the State of Chu, and there was no doubt that the Chu army was defeated and cut off the land north of Yong and HanShui to Qin to talk about peace.
The following year, the Qin army continued to send troops to the State of Chu, and Bai first captured the five adjacent cities with the previous Army of the Northern Han Dynasty, and then led the main force of the Qin Army directly across the qin-Chu border mountains, cut off its own support, and quickly broke through in three ways to directly encircle the capital of the State of Chu. Chu was again defeated one after another, Bai Qi directly attacked the capital of the Chu state, burned the tomb of the king of Chu, and the capital of the state of Chu became the southern county of the Qin state overnight, and the king of Chu fled in a hurry and forced the capital to move to Chen. At this point, the State of Chu was no longer able to fight a war, until it was finally destroyed by the State of Qin.
This news spread back to the Qin kingdom, and the King of Qin was overjoyed, and he was named Wu Anjun (able to raise a soldier, Zhan Bike, and gain the people's Anji, so the name Wu'an), and from then on, Bai was named after the world.
In 273 BC, Bai Qi continued to lead an army to attack Korea, Zhao and Wei led troops to aid Korea, Bai Qi broke the Zhao and Wei alliance at Huayang, captured the generals of the three kingdoms of Han, Zhao, and Wei, beheaded 130,000 people, and drowned more than 20,000 Zhao troops on the way in pursuit. The following year, Bai qi attacked the Korean city of Xincheng and beheaded 50,000 people. In the third year, Bai Qi attacked Yewangcheng, and the seventeen cities of Shangdang in Korea were completely isolated from the Korean capital.
King Han wanted to send Shangdang to the State of Qin in order to get rid of the Qin Army, Shangdang Junshou was unwilling, but instead submitted to the State of Zhao, and Pingyang Jun advised King Zhao not to accept Shangdang, because accepting Shangdang meant officially starting a war with the Qin State, and in the end King Zhao did not listen to Pingyang Jun's opinion, sent Pingyuan Jun to receive Shangdang, and ordered Lianpo to garrison Changping. This eventually became the fuse for the Battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao.
Of course, at that time, the strongest national strength was the Qin State and the Zhao State, the Qin State went through the "Shang Martingale Transformation Method", the Zhao State also experienced the "Hu Costume Riding Shooting", the four famous generals of the Warring States, Qin Youbai Qi, Wang Qi, Zhao Youlian po, Li Mu; it can be said that the Zhao State could indeed compete with the Qin State at that time, which is why the King of Zhao dared to accept the party.
Two years later, the Qin general Wang Gong captured Shangdang, and the soldiers and civilians of Shangdang fled to Changping, and Zhao Guo's garrison in Changping received the fleeing people of Shangdang, which also gave the Qin state a pretext for attacking Changping.
Lian Po considered that the morale of the Qin army was high, so he set up three lines of defense in Changping to block the Qin army, and as a result, the Zhao army was killed by the Qin army for the first time, and broke through the first line of defense; seeing that the Qin army's offensive was unstoppable, the Zhao army was unfavorable in successive battles, and the losses were very large, Lian Po simply retreated the whole army to the second line of defense and defended with all his might. This method also really worked, the Qin army and the Zhao army confronted each other for three years, during which the Qin army attacked several times, all of which were fruitless, and because of this, they also lost troops.
At this time, the most famous anti-plot in history appeared, Qin Xiang Fan Ju (that is, the person who played a special trick in the long-distance and close-range attack) sent people to enter the Zhao kingdom with a thousand taels of gold, and the "spy" said to everyone that the Qin army was not afraid of incorruptibility, lian had some ability, and would only defend and not attack, and the Qin army was afraid of Zhao Kuo, the son of Zhao Hao. King Zhao was sure of the plan and immediately transferred Zhao Kuo to the front line. Of course, this is not entirely because of the anti-plot, because the army has been facing each other for three years, the grain production of the Zhao state is not as good as that of the Qin state, the grain and grass of the large army is already a little difficult, the Zhao state wants the state of Qi to receive grain and grass, the state of Qi refuses, at this time the king of Zhao is very anxious to end the war, dragging it down is very likely that the Zhao army is still losing, the king of Zhao also has the luck of hoping to win the qin state through the great armageddon, so Zhao Kuo is actually only ordered to go. So Zhao Kuo took Zhao Guo's 250,000 good boys to Changping, plus more than 200,000 incorruptible defenders before, and the Battle of Zhao Guo's Changping had invested 450,000 troops, which was basically all the existing troops of Zhao Guo.
After learning that the Zhao army had replaced Lian Po with Zhao Kuo, the State of Qin also secretly sent Wu'an Jun baiqi as a general to lead the army on the front line. Zhao Kuo had the strength to fight against Wang Gong, but unfortunately he did not know that his current opponent was Wu Anjun Baiqi; Bai Qi, facing a reckless and arrogant opponent, decided to adopt the tactics of retreating to lure the enemy and divide and annihilate.
The forward troops of the Qin army pretended to be defeated and retreated, all the way to lure the enemy deeper, the two wings of the troops slowly unfolded to intimidate the Zhao army, and Bai Qi sent a troop on a long journey, around the back of the Zhao army, and surprised the last line of defense of the Zhao army, the Hundred Mile Stone Great Wall, because Zhao tried to complete his merits in a battle, the Hundred Mile Stone Great Wall had almost no troops, and the encirclement circle of the Qin army on the Zhao army was completely formed.
After being surrounded by the Qin army, the Zhao army was distracted, and Zhao Kuo killed eight lieutenants in a row to stabilize the army's morale, ordering hundreds of thousands of Zhao troops to attack the Qin army's encirclement from all directions, but it has not been able to break through. Bai Qi used two wings of troops to cut the Zhao army into three sections, the Zhao army was separated from the end, and the grain road was cut off, coupled with Bai Qi's continuous harassment of the Zhao army with light cavalry; the Zhao army basically fell into a dead place, and only built a fortress wall in place to hold on to the rescue troops.
As soon as the King of Qin heard that the zhao army's grain route had been cut off, he immediately ordered the whole country to fight the battle, recruited all men over the age of fifteen in the Qin Kingdom to fight, and gave the conscripts the title of first-class, and the King of Qin himself personally supervised the battle, and with the strength of the whole country, he must win this battle. Zhao Kuo was not completely powerless, even if he was besieged by the Qin army, the Qin state raised the strength of the whole country to fight, and the Zhao army still insisted on nearly two months under the command of Zhao Kuo. However, the grain route was blocked, there was no reinforcement, the Zhao army would be defeated sooner or later, and finally Zhao Kuo was cornered, leading his own troops to break through and was shot and killed by the Qin army, so that the Zhao army was defeated, and 400,000 Zhao soldiers surrendered (the Zhao state had no troops to come to the rescue, and at the beginning said that it was just a big showdown that the King of Zhao wanted to gamble).
Bai Qi and his subordinates repeatedly discussed that although the 400,000 troops surrendered, but the cost of grain and grass was too large, and they could rebel at any time, so they used a plan to kill all 400,000 Zhao troops, leaving only 240 young soldiers to return to Zhao Guo to report the letter. After this battle, Zhao Guo was shocked, and since then Zhao Guo's vitality has been seriously injured, and he has no strength to fight a battle.
Originally, at this time, Bai Qi surrounded Handan with a drum and prepared to destroy the Zhao State, but one report was returned, and the Zhao State entrusted the famous lobbyist Su Dai to go to the Qin State. Su Dai visited The corresponding Marquis Fan Ju of Qin with a bunch of valuable gifts and said: "Bai Qi captured and killed Zhao Kuo, besieged Handan, once the Zhao state died, Qin could be called emperor, Bai Qi would also be crowned as the Third Duke, he attacked and pulled more than seventy cities for Qin, Southern Dingyan, Ying, hanzhong, and northern Capture of Zhao Kuo's army, although the merits of Zhou Gong, Zhao Gong, and Lü Wang could not exceed him." If the Zhao kingdom is destroyed and the king of Qin is crowned king, then Bai Qi will be the three dukes, can you be under Bai Qi? Even if you don't want to be under him, you can't do it. Qin once attacked Han and besieged Xingqiu, trapped the party, and the people of the party all ran to the Zhao state, and the people of the world were not happy for the qin people for a long time. Now that the Zhao state was destroyed, Qin's territory stretched from the Yan state in the north, the qi state in the east, and the Han Wei in the south, but there were not many people gained by Qin. It is better to let Han and Zhao make peace, and not let Bai Qi get the merit of destroying Zhao again. "To put it simply, bai qi laid the zhao state, and the qin state will not have a foothold for you to be hou." So Fan Ju suggested that the Qin army rest and allow Han and Zhao to divide the land and seek peace, and the King of Qin finally agreed. Since then, Bai Qi and Fan Ju have formed a vendetta.
Defense of Handan
In less than a year, the King of Qin figured it out again or decided to capture the Zhao state of Handan, but at this time Bai Qi happened to be ill, and the King of Qin sent Wang Ling to fight, and as a result, Wang Ling could not be attacked for a long time; the King of Qin and other Bai Qi's body recovered and wanted him to continue to lead the army, Bai Qi told the King of Qin: "Handan is not easy to attack, and if the princes come to the rescue, the army will arrive in one day." The princes have been complaining about Qin for a long time, and although Qin has broken the Zhao army in Changping, more than half of them have suffered casualties, and the country is empty. Our army is far away from the rivers and mountains to fight for the capital of others, and if the Zhao state responds to the war from the inside and the princes respond to the outside, it will certainly be able to break the Qin army. Therefore, no troops should be sent to attack Zhao." The King of Qin could not listen to it at all now, so he sent Wang Gong to continue to attack Handan in place of Wang Ling.
Everyone knows the rest of the matter, Wang Gongjiu attacked Handan for a long time, but instead achieved the story of Xinling Jun stealing the charm to save Zhao, and finally Wang Gong was defeated by hundreds of thousands of allied troops of Zhao Chuwei and the city of Handan, and the Qin army suffered heavy casualties. After Bai Qi heard the news, he also laughed at the King of Qin, so the King of Qin forced Bai Qi to lead the troops to set off, and Bai Qi claimed to be seriously ill, even if Fan Ju personally came to him to beg him, Bai Qi also said that he could not afford to be ill. Of course, Bai Qi was indeed ill at this time, so he did not set off for Handan, and as a result, within a few months, the losses of the Qin army became more and more serious, and finally the King of Qin became angry with Bai Qi and sent emissaries to give Bai Qi the sword to kill himself. In fact, the reason why Bai Qi did not want to go to the front line was because he was already a sworn enemy of zhao guo, and if he went to the front line now, it was bound to make zhao guo resist with all his strength, which would only make it more difficult for the Qin army to attack, but unfortunately the king of Qin could not see through it.
Outside Xianyang City, when Bai Qi picked up his sword and killed himself, Yang Tian sighed, "What is the sin of Bai Qi, who ended up like this?" After a while, he said, "I should have died." In the Battle of Changping, hundreds of thousands of Zhao troops surrendered, but I used deceptive means to bury them all alive, which was enough to commit a capital crime! "After saying that, I killed myself." At this point, Bai Qi ended his legendary life.
Later generations summed up the combat characteristics of Bai Qi, and the painter deeply believed after reading it:
1. Baiqi never takes the goal of attacking the city strategically, but takes the annihilation of the enemy's living forces as the combat purpose, and is good at field warfare, and must seek annihilation in battle, which should be the biggest combat characteristic of Baiqi. Bai Qi fought for many years, never lost, nor defeated, only annihilated, which is why the other six countries were so afraid of Bai Qi at that time.
2. In order to achieve the purpose of annihilation war, in the face of the defeated army, chase and fight the enemy fiercely, and must be annihilated.
3, pay attention to fortifications, any battle, white will inevitably build a large number of fortifications for attack and defense.
4. Anticipating the enemy's opportunity, to put it simply, it is to comprehensively analyze the combat strength of the enemy and ourselves, including military, political, economic and other predictions, and even to know victory or defeat before the battle.
Now that everyone has seen Bai Qi's life, how do you think of Bai Qi's God of War?