In June 1947, in accordance with the instructions of the Central China Bureau in February, in order to unify and strengthen the leadership of the Chaohe area, the Third Working Committee of Huainan (also known as the Chaobei Working Committee) was established with Wu Wanyin as the secretary and Fang Maochu, Li Gang, Wang Guangqian, xuan xingmin and other members as members.
III. The Opening up and Activities of the New Guerrilla Zone in Feixi (South).
The Establishment of the Feixi (South) Working Committee and Office of the Communist Party of China
After Liu Deng's army advanced into dabie Mountain, in order to meet the needs of the development of the situation and create the liberated area of western Anhui, the Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided on October 12, 1947 to establish the CPC West Anhui District Committee, which successively administered the first, second, third and fourth local committees in western Anhui. At this time, hefei Xixiang was under the jurisdiction of the three central China (later jianghuai) and the four western Anhui provinces, except for the northern part of Gaoliu and the southern Sanhe, which were under the jurisdiction of the three western Anhui regional committees.
In December, in order to open up a new guerrilla zone, the Anhui West District Committee of the CPC decided to set up the Feixi (South) Working Committee of the CPC, with Xuan Yuhua as secretary and Huang Yefang, Lu Xiaoyuan, Yin Hua, and Zhang Ru as members. At the same time, the Feixi (South) Office was established, and the director guo Chongyi was established. Accompanying the activities of the working committee were the Feixi Wugong Team, the captain Shi Dacang, and the instructor Yin Hua. Soon, some members of the Liuhe detachment entered Feixi, met with the Feixi Wugong Brigade in the area of Pigeon Cage and Juxing Street, and established the Feixi Guerrilla Brigade, which was later reorganized into the Feixi Detachment, with detachment leader Zhang Li, political commissar Xuan Yuhua, deputy detachment leader Zou Desheng, and deputy political commissar Zhang Ziyu. It has jurisdiction over 4 squadrons with more than 300 members. After the establishment of the Feixi (South) Work Committee, in order to open up guerrilla areas, contact points were successively established in Jiaobodian, Zhouxinjie, Tangxi, Wushibu, Daqianshan and other places to be responsible for underground transportation, providing intelligence, raising grain funds, and expanding armaments. Soon, in order to open up the connection between the Chao (county) Wu (Wei) area and the mountainous area of western Anhui, the cpc's four prefectural committees in western Anhui sent Yu Heng to Sanhe to carry out underground work and established the Feinan Communication Station. Yu Heng used cloth merchants in Sanhe as a cover to deliver intelligence and letters to the party, purchased medicine, and transferred goods and materials. Subsequently, Yu Heng instigated the Uprising of the Sanhe Merchant Brigade led by Ouyang Gao and went to the Chao (County) Wuwei base area to participate in the revolution.
The development of armed struggle
Hefei is located in central Anhui, is the political and economic ruling center of the Kuomintang Anhui Province, Feixi is closely connected to Hefei, Heliu and He'an two trunk lines directly through the territory of Feixi County, has an extremely important strategic position in the military. The creation of the Feixi guerrilla zone is equivalent to inserting a sharp knife into the chest of the enemy. Therefore, shortly after the establishment of the guerrilla area in Feixi, Li Pinxian, governor of the Kuomintang Province of Anhui Province, said on many occasions in a fit of rage: If the "soil communists" in the southwest township of Hefei are not eradicated, I swear not to be a man. He also personally dispatched 1 regiment of the 77th Division of the Gui clan and the Kuomintang Provincial Security Regiment to the southwestern region of Fei to carry out "clearance and suppression." At the same time, the Hefei Police Brigade also went to the Sanhe area of Nanxiang to carry out "suppressing the communists" activities. On December 3, 1947, the Kuomintang Central Executive Yuan sent a telegram to Anhui, asking the provincial government to cooperate in mobilizing to suppress the rebellion, enrich the self-defense organization, and strictly prevent the rebellion of the "communist bandits". To this end, Xia Wei, who had just taken over as governor of Anhui Province, personally issued an order in the spring of 1948 to deploy the Kuomintang Forty-sixth Division to be responsible for "clearing and suppressing" the "bandits" west of Huainan Road, south of the Huai River, and east of the line of Jiangjiaji, Fenshuiji, Guo Lutan, Tangjiahui, and Passmenguan: Shouxian, Huoqiu, Lihuang, Lu'an, Huoshan, Shucheng, and Hefei counties demanded that all the landlord teams and commissioners and group leaders in the above-listed regions be placed under the command of the division commanders in charge of each district, organize and train the people, improve local armed forces, and give the responsible division commanders of each district to the commissioners. The county magistrate has the power to reward and punish and dismiss him; and the total elimination of the communist forces in all districts is completely eliminated by the end of April. Then the first, second, and sixth regiments of the Kuomintang Provincial Security Command cooperated with the Forty-sixth Division to enter Feixi and other counties. In addition, the Guanting on the Traffic Line of Heliu Highway is also stationed in the Fourth Squadron of hefei County Self-Defense Force, and The Guo Jian Department of the Provincial Security Regiment is stationed in Gao Liuji.
The enemy has stationed, occupied townships and towns, controlled transportation, vigorously supported and developed reactionary armed forces in local districts and townships, and cooperated with each other to carry out many successive "liquidations" and "sweeps" into guerrilla areas, persecuting progressives, slaughtering revolutionary cadres, forcing the masses to turn themselves in, and ensuring the safety of the lives and property of the broad masses of the people. In addition, the Kuomintang army also practiced anti-communist "ten rewards" in guerrilla areas: First, bury the grain and grain and not sell it to the communist army, and avoid it first, and not reward those who cooperate; second, they do not participate in the various struggle movements of the communist army, refuse to act as township and town security chiefs, and prevent their children from joining the army and do not allow their families to join the peasant associations, women's associations, and children's regiments organized by the communist party; third, deliberately lead the communist army to take more wrongful roads, or rise up halfway, and be rewarded by the facts; fourth, reward those who report all the military information of the communist army to the national army; fifth, those who find that the communist army wants to attack the national army and its cities. Rewards are given to those who report quickly to the nationalist army; sixth, those who steal guns, bullets, and secret documents of the communist army and send them to the nationalist army; seventh, those who secretly persuade the communist army to change from evil to righteousness and throw guns into the nationalist army; eighth, reward those who destroy the communist army's residences, telephones, wires, steamboats, warehouses, and roads and bridges that must be passed; ninth, reward for those who stab the communist army and kill the communist army and its leader; and 10. Reward for those who rise up to help eradicate the communist army when the nationalist army comes.
In the face of the enemy's frenzied attack, the Feixi Working Committee followed the instructions of the three local committees of western Anhui to carry out guerrilla warfare, develop and uphold the instructions of the guerrilla base areas in feixi, and let go of mobilizing the masses to persist in guerrilla struggle, attacking reactionary armed forces, destroying the political power in the enemy areas and townships, expanding the revolutionary armed forces, and restoring and expanding the revolutionary base areas. At that time, the enemy blockaded everywhere during the day to "clear and suppress," and the work committee relied on actions at night, often eating and sleeping in the wind, sleeping in the wilderness, covering dry grass, starving wild vegetables, thirsting for cold water, and living an extremely hard life. Nevertheless, the Work Committee and its guerrillas maintained a strong revolutionary spirit and, with the support and help of the broad masses, constantly smashed the enemy's "liquidation and suppression" activities. At the same time, the Shouliu Huo Joint Working Committee and the guerrillas, who were active in the northwest of Hefei County, also cooperated with each other and fought together. They adopt mobile and flexible guerrilla tactics, and according to changes in the enemy's situation, sometimes they are divided into pieces and dispersed their activities, and sometimes they are grouped into pieces, waiting for an opportunity to attack the enemy. As a result of successive attacks and victories, they not only got rid of the enemy's many "liquidations" and preserved their revolutionary strength, but also greatly encouraged the confidence and determination of the people of Feixi to persist in the struggle.
In the autumn of 1948, the War of Liberation entered its third year, and as a result of a series of political and military victories of the Communist Party of China, the war situation underwent new and more favorable changes. The battles in the various battlefields of the Liberated Areas have been won one after another, and the flames of the Liberation War are about to burn to the north bank of the Yangtze River. In order to strengthen the defense of the river, control the traffic on the Huainan and Jinpu lines, and maintain their shaky reactionary rule, the Kuomintang reactionaries launched a new offensive against the guerrilla areas. Zhong Jinglin, commander of the Sixth Enemy Security Regiment, went to Nanjing for a meeting and assured Chiang Kai-shek that he would eliminate the CHINESE guerrilla forces in the Chaohe area within 20 days. After Zhong returned to Hefei, he concentrated the strength of the 6th Security Regiment, the Self-Defense Force, the Qingxiang Brigade, and a total of 2 regiments, and cooperated with the Kuomintang 46th Division to adopt rotational tactics to pursue the guerrillas. In addition, Peng Yue, director of the Kuomintang Shuliuhe County Joint Defense Special District, led a commando brigade of about 300 people, 1 machine gun, and 4 grenadiers, living in Taoxi Town, on the border between Feixi and Shucheng, and often harassed the area around Tangwan, Jiehe, Yuandian, and Tangjiaxuzi, plundering the people's property and capturing CPC cadres and their families. Guo Cong, director of the Kuomintang Shannan Joint Defense District, led more than 50 people from the joint defense squadron, 1 machine gun, and the 16th squadron of the Hefei County Party Special Forces To act in partnership, often harassing the Shunhedian, Changgangling, and Wu Xiaoyingzi areas. The enemy sometimes attacks in separate ways, or besieges the main force, sometimes lays ambushes during the day, and rushes at night, in a vain attempt to cause white terror and make guerrilla activities impossible to carry out. But the flame of revolution cannot be extinguished, and the guerrilla zones are no longer "sparks of stars" but "burning in the wilderness." Encouraged by the victorious situation of the national revolution, the CPC organization carried out guerrilla warfare with the enemy in accordance with Comrade Mao Zedong's tactical requirements of "the enemy advances and we retreat, the enemy garrisons us to disturb, the enemy is tired and we fight, and the enemy flees and we pursue." In the five months from August to the end of the year, the Feixi detachment fought several battles with the Kuomintang 46th Division, the Provincial Security Regiment, and the local reactionary forces, all of which won victories, freed more than 30 women who had been kidnapped by the enemy, and regained some of the mass property stolen by the Kuomintang army, which won the support of the people. In addition, it also seized 1 machine gun, 1 box of ammunition, 2 pistols, 3 rifles and more than 40 rifles of the reactionary bandits of the Kuomintang 46th Division, further strengthening the strength of the detachment, and the fire of armed struggle became more and more vigorous.
Source: Lixiang Hefei Operation Support: Hefei Evening News New Media Center