(This is a collated draft of the report made by Mr. Wei Zhengang in the Municipal Association for Science and Technology)
The comrades of the Association for Science and Technology have asked me many times to tell you about the local culture of Yuyao, and I think that you are all cultural people, who know more things than me and are deeper than me. However, it is difficult to be generous, and it is good that they are familiar with each other, so they will chat casually. If it is inappropriate, please correct it.
I would like to address three issues today:
The first is the phased expression of Yaojiang culture.
The second is the historical contribution of Yaojiang culture.
The third is what we learn from Yaojiang culture.
First, the phased expression of Yaojiang culture
Yuyao is surrounded by siming mountains in the south and Hangzhou Bay in the north, and the Yao River flows from west to east, crossing the hinterland of the plain, which is indeed a treasure of feng shui. Since the establishment of the county in the 37th year of Qin Shi Huang (210 BC), Wuhua Tianbao, humanities and humanities have always been the famous yi in eastern Zhejiang. After the excavation of the Hemudu site on the banks of the Yao River in 1973, it is famous for its 7,000 years of glorious historical facts.
In order to summarize the Yaojiang culture, people from all walks of life have conducted many discussions. Many comrades proposed to divide it into three major blocks: hemudu prehistoric culture, Yaojiang Ming and Qing culture, and Simingshan revolutionary culture. However, Yaojiang culture is a systematic whole, and the above expression divides Yaojiang culture into several blocks with a horizontal regional concept. Comrade Zhang Yiping and I have consulted many times with experts in the city's literature and history, cultural relics, culture and education, and believe that it is still appropriate to evolve from vertical history and explore the cultural characteristics of different periods. Then, in 1995, several professors of Ningbo Normal University were invited to exchange views and discuss repeatedly, and a consensus was reached. On this basis, after nearly two years of planning and writing, in 1997, a 350,000-word "Yaojiang Cultural History" was published. Below, I will give you a brief overview of the order in which the book was written:
1. The prehistoric Yaojiang culture marked by the hemudu site.
Yuyao is known as the legend of "Shungeng Lishan, Yuzang Secret Map", so that the Yao River is also known as ShunJiang, Shunshui, and the abbot mountain after the old county is renamed The Secret Map Mountain. With the discovery and excavation of the Hemudu site, a large number of artificially cultivated rice, pieces of dry-column residential buildings, as well as excavations of silkens, wooden paddles, pottery, ornaments, bone whistles, etc., have also shown the production and living conditions of the Yaojiang ancestors in the Neolithic Era as early as 7,000 years ago. Do not think that "wood, stone, bone, nothing to look at", it is this treasure that has pushed the Chinese culture of "five thousand years up and down" for two thousand years, expanded the birthplace of national culture from the single Yellow River Basin to the two major river basins of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, and changed the area where mankind first cultivated rice from India to Japan to China. This has caused scientists, historians, paleoanthropologists and archaeologists at home and abroad to shake and marvel. Groups of experts and scholars have come here, or to investigate, or to study, or to visit ancient times, or to visit. Among them, Japanese agronomists alone, we received seven or eight times, and finally admitted that the birthplace of human rice is in Hemudu, China. In recent years, we have excavated a large number of underground cultural relics around Hemudu in the ruins of Mushan and Tianluoshan, which have further enriched the Culture of Hemudu. Professor Shi Shuqing, an authority on the appraisal of cultural relics in China and a well-known scholar, has visited Yao several times and also participated in the international Wang Yangming Academic Seminar held in our city. At the meeting, he first put forward the saying that "Hemudu is Yao Ruins" and inscribed a poem: "The Five Emperors Yao Ruins have become historical sites, and the Siming Mountains are always more beautiful." With his consent, I carved the handwriting of "Yao Xu Historic Site" into the east gate of Longshan Park. This is the beginning of Yaojiang culture.
2. Han And Tang Yaojiang culture with the Yu family as the main body.
In the five or six hundred years from the Three Kingdoms of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Two Jin Dynasties, the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Yuyao Yu clan has always been a member of the Jiangzuo Wang clan, and many literati have also produced scholars. Qing Guangxu's "Biography of Yuyao County Chronicles" records that during the Han and Tang Dynasties, there were 28 celebrities in Yao's biography, of which 22 were from the Yu clan, accounting for more than 80% of them; while the 26 people listed in the "Supplementary Biography" of the zhi were all people with the surname of Yu. During this period, 18 people, including Yu Fan, Yu Yan, Yu Tan, Yu Xi, Yu Xian, Yu Gu, Yu Xian, Yu Yuan, Yu Tongzhi, Yu Yan, Yu He, Yu Xi, Yu Xi, Yu Li, Yu Qi, Yu Shiji, and Yu Shinan, were engaged in academic research and compiled various kinds of writings, with a total of 62 kinds and 965 volumes. The categories cover various aspects such as the I Ching, astronomy, historiography, Fang Zhi, medicine, golden stones and calligraphy. Such as the Yu translation of the Three Kingdoms of Eastern Wu, which was the precursor of the Kaiyu clan. He is the author of 9 volumes of "Zhou Yi Notes", 6 volumes of "Zhou Yi Sun and Moon Variations", "Zhou Yi References to the Same Deed" and many other works, which are not only famous at that time, but also influenced later learning. So much so that people at that time called Yaocheng "Yu's City" and called the main street "Yu Eunuch Street". It can be described as "a Yu Yao Zhi, half of the History of Yu"! Of course, in addition to the Yu clan, Yu Yao also produced his name, the most famous of which was the ancestor of the Yan clan of Yao Jiang, Yan Ziling at the turn of the two Han Dynasties. He did not do anything to the prince, resigned from the government and retired from the high wind and bright festival, and has been praised by future generations for two thousand years. However, in general, the main body of Yaojiang culture in the Han and Tang Dynasties was still the Yu family. It has created a great example for the family culture that has emerged at a specific historical stage in our country.
3. The Yaojiang culture of the Ming and Qing dynasties represented by the two schools pioneered by Wang Yangming and Huang Zongxi.
From the late Tang Dynasty to the end of the Yuan Dynasty, it experienced the wars of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and then the ethnic battles between the Song and Jin Dynasties and the Song and Yuan Dynasties, which affected peaceful life and academic research, and the Yaojiang culture was also at a low ebb. After recuperating and recuperating in the early Ming Dynasty, Yao Jiang's studious style gradually revived, and celebrities such as historian Song Qian and educator Zhao Qian were born. Subsequently, in the two hundred years from the middle of the Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, Hong confucians emerged one after another, and the style of learning flourished. From the implementation of the imperial examination system in the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, 612 Yao people were admitted to the Jinshi in successive dynasties, of which 482 were in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and 62 were Wujinshi, and more than 100 people were recruited. During the Ming Dynasty, Xie Qian and Wang Hua successively won the crown of "First Name Yuan". In the fourteenth year of Jiajing (1535 AD), 325 people were admitted to the national examination, including 17 Yuyao people. Not only did the list of jinshi exceed the admission quota of many provinces and provinces, but also, the first name of the champion Han Yinglong and the second name of the list of sun Sheng were both Yuyao people, and they were famous in the world for a while. A few years ago, we went to Guiyang to participate in the International Wang Yangming Academic Seminar and organized everyone to visit the only one in the history of Guizhou, Huaxi Qingyan Town, Zhao's mansion. The master proudly asked me: Has Yuyao ever had a title? I said that there were 2 in the Song Dynasty and 3 in the Ming Dynasty, and 1 of them was Wang Hua, the father of Wang Yangming. They were surprised, and Lian said, "A county has produced 5 titles, and it is really worthy of Yang Mingfuzi's hometown!" ”
As a famous thinker and educator in China's history, Wang Yangming combined the "Zhizhi" of the "University" with Mencius's "Conscience" to create the "Heart Study" ideological system with "Zhi Conscience" as the core, and formed the "YaoJiang School" that later studied throughout the southeast. Subsequently, Huang Zongxi (zi Taichong, Nanlei, also known as Lizhou) became the originator of the "Zhejiang Eastern History School" with the democratic enlightenment ideology of "the world as the mainstay". Later generations called Wang Yangming's Yao Jiang School "able to do the end of five hundred years of Taoism and spit out a great light." "Huang Zongxi's Historiography of Huaidong" set a precedent for three hundred years of historiography. In addition, Zhu Shunshui (名之瑜, Zi Luyu), the emissary of Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, was "the most powerful teacher of the Japanese Restoration." The Yaojiang culture has been pushed to the heyday of history.
4. Contemporary Yaojiang culture centered on the Simingshan Revolutionary Base Area.
The times entered the twentieth century, the spark of the workers' and peasants' revolution was gradually ignited in eastern Zhejiang, and by the end of 1928, six branches of the CPC, including Kandun and Majialu, had been established. At the beginning of 1929, the Yuyao County Committee of the Communist Party of China was established. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the higher-level party organizations decided to establish an anti-Japanese base area with Siming Mountain as the center. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, it became the revolutionary base area of the War of Liberation. In the protracted struggle against the Japanese aggressors and the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang, the revolutionary fighters wrote a glorious history with their blood. Lu Xun Art Branch, Xinzhe Dong Bao, Zhejiang East Pictorial, Taofen Bookstore and other literary and art groups that were born in Simingshan in that year aroused and inspired the revolutionary fighting spirit of millions of people in various forms of propaganda, like the clarion call of battle, and a number of cultural celebrities such as Yang Xianjiang, Lou Shiyi, and Huang Yuan emerged. It formed a splendid contemporary Yaojiang culture, and thus turned to a new historical period of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will call the Yaojiang culture of this period the period of transformation.
The four historical periods of Yaojiang's cultural development have given Yuyao four laurels. This is: the "cradle of the Chinese nation" in the prehistoric period; the "southeast famous yi" in the Han and Tang dynasties; the "cultural state" in the Ming and Qing dynasties; and the contemporary "first batch of historical and cultural cities in Zhejiang Province".
Second, the historical contribution of Yaojiang culture
As we all know, the discovery of the Site of Mudu on the banks of the Yao River vividly and vividly shows the outstanding achievements of our ancestors in farming, architecture, pottery and carving techniques as early as 7,000 years ago, and enriched the treasure house of Chinese culture. There is no doubt that this is a major contribution. In the thousands of years since, people here have made historic achievements and contributions in different eras and in different fields. In terms of choice:
I. Explore philosophy and emancipate the mind.
In terms of philosophy, which is the theory of world view, Yu yao first emerged in the Wei and Jin dynasties, a number of famous scholars who studied Zhou Yi such as Yu Feng and Yu Qian: during the Song and Ming dynasties, Yu Yao also had Zhao Shanyu, Hu Zongling, Lu Heng and other famous scholars of scripture. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was a giant of thought, Wang Yangming. Yang Ming has been eager to learn all his life, and he has gone through the process of following Cheng Zhu Lixue from following, to questioning, to denying, to innovation. He put forward the "mind is reason" - "to conscience" - "the psychology of the unity of knowledge and action". It is pointed out that everyone has a "conscience" on the face, and advocates that everyone thinks independently and pursues the liberation of individuality. He openly opposed Cheng Zhu's immutable "Tianli" precepts, and with amazing perseverance and courage, he attacked the forbidden area of science for hundreds of years of "ten thousand worlds of rules", injecting new vitality into the rigid ideological circles at that time. It not only laid the foundation for the formation and development of Ming and Qing Enlightenment ideas, but also had a great influence on the restoration school represented by Kang Youwei, Tan Sitong, and Zhang Taiyan in modern times. More than a hundred years after Wang Yangming, Yuyao produced another thinker, Huang Zongxi. He lived at the turn of the Ming and Qing dynasties, when the feudal ruling structure was fissioned and the capitalist economy began to sprout, which, according to him, was an era of "earth and earth disintegration". He went through the history books, immersed himself in research, and finally wrote an earth-shattering work, "Ming Yi to Be Visited," in which he boldly put forward the assertion that "for the great evil of the world, the king is enough," struck a blow at the feudal ruling system of the past two thousand years, put forward the reform of the imperial examination, the selection of talents, the improvement of teaching, and the connection with "current politics" and a series of views that shone with the light of early democratic thought. Thus, as a democratic Enlightenment thinker, he entered the ranks of "China's Top Ten Thinkers" together with Wang Yangming.
Second, it is necessary to revitalize the economy through the ages.
Yao Jiang scholar not only wrote books and lectures, but also applied what he had learned, paid attention to the national economy and people's livelihood, and devoted himself to economic development. Yu Shinan, who was a heavy minister in the early Tang Dynasty, not only pleaded with Emperor Taizong Li Shimin to be diligent and thrifty, but also proposed to provide disaster relief and tax reduction for three years in the earthquake-stricken areas of Gansu that year. So that the people can recuperate and resume production. Feng Lan, a scholar of Hanlin in the Ming Dynasty, also devoted his family funds to building a levee on the south bank of Hangzhou Bay, Lan Yong, to prevent the invasion of the sea tide. During his tenure in Nangan, Guixi and Qianzhong, Wang Yangming, a master of the study of the heart, personally guided the local Han and Miao people to develop wasteland and cultivate fields and grain. The erudite Hongru Huang Zongxi directly pointed out the limitations of "agriculture-oriented" and advocated that "agriculture and commerce are all based". It is advocated that agricultural and sideline products be put into the market to promote agriculture through consultation and develop the economy.
Third, re-teach Hongwen and cultivate talents.
Education is the foundation of talents, and Yuyao, as a famous state of literature, is also a place that emphasizes education. Wang Yangming, Zhu Shunshui and Huang Zongxi are three famous sages who are famous educators. Whenever Wang Yangming went to a place, he held a lecture hall in the academy, and his disciples Xu Ai, Xu Shan, Qian Dehong, Wang Qi, and his disciples Shen Guomo and Shi Xiaoxian successively selected and compiled Yang Ming's writings, founded Yao Jiang Academy, and extensively taught Yang Ming's teachings. Zhu Shunshui admired Confucianism, but was not bound by narrow nationalism, regarded China and foreign countries as one, tried his best to teach in Japan, and created a large number of talents, and was respected by Japan as a "guest of honor". And Huang Zongxi put forward the idea of education that broke through the millennium routine. He advocated "education for all the people" and popularized education from the exclusive enjoyment of a small number of people; he advocated that education should be carried out in a timely manner, so that schools should become a position for supervising current affairs and participating in politics; he called for respecting teachers and emphasizing teaching, improving the social status of teachers, and so on. In modern times, Yang Xianjiang, with his monographs such as "History of Education" and "New Education Outline", has become the first Marxist education theorist in China. Jiang Menglin, who was the president of Peking University, and Shen Junshan, president of Tsinghua University in Taipei, have also become famous educators in China with their educational ideas and practices of "Western learning as the body and secondary school as the use".
Fourth, look at the sky and the earth, advocating science and technology.
For thousands of years, there have been a number of well-known scientific and technological talents in Yaojiang. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Yu Xi was not only proficient in scripture, but also immersed in astronomy. After night and day of observation and research, he finally discovered the "precession" in the year of his flower armor (Jin Xianhe five years - 330 AD), and completed the famous astronomical monograph "An Tian" in ancient China. Before this, people did not know that there was a distinction between "celestial week" (stellar year) and "year week" (regression year). Yu Xi first discovered that the movement of the sun from the winter solstice of the first year to the winter solstice of the second year did not return to its original position. The Sun is moving westward and confirmed to move once every fifty years. The discovery of this "precession" is a very significant breakthrough in the history of human astronomy. Zu Chongzhi, an astronomer of the Southern Dynasty, made use of the argument of "precession" to formulate the earliest calendar of the "Taiming Calendar". In the Qing Dynasty, Huang Zongxi's seventh grandson, Huang Bingyuan, devoted his life to scientific research. He not only summarized the research results with many works such as "Geodetic Records", "Fang Ping YiXiang", "Almanac South Needle", "Five-Dimensional Shortcut Calculation" and so on, but also personally drew the geographical open square maps of Yuyao and Zhejiang, participated in the geographical surveying and mapping of Beijing, and made contributions to China's geographical surveying and mapping. In addition, the medical scientist Hua Shou (Bo Ren) of the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties and the civil architect Ye Fan (Ji Wei) of the Qing Dynasty made great achievements in the diagnosis of pediatric measles and the lack of bridge construction, respectively.
V. Extensive surveys and compilation of histories.
Yao Jiang's humanities gathered, and the compilation of history books and Fang Zhi naturally became an important mission. Nearly a thousand years ago, the Southern Song Dynasty secretary provincial writer Salang and the official Shilang Gao Xiangsun, Boya Haogu, collected a wide range of historical materials, and wrote many historical books such as "Shi Luo", "Warring States Strategy Examination", "Shu Han Book" and so on. The "Historical Sketch" is even more used as a special item for history books, and it will affect future generations. At the same time, the inspector Yushi Wang Kui compiled several volumes of "Facts of the Civil War". At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the Yaojiang scholar Song Xianzhi went to Beijing and participated in the compilation of the "History of the Yuan". Among them, the "Yuan Shi Foreign Biography" was revised for Song Shu. Subsequently, Six people, including Liu Jiji, Song Xu, Song Mengzheng, Zhao Fudi, Zhu Demao, and Zhang Tingyu, from Yuyao, participated in the editing and revision of the Yongle Great Song. By the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, huang Zongxi, a feature of the imperial court, compiled the History of Ming, and he assigned his son Huang Baijia and his student Vance to the capital. Under the guidance of his father, Huang Baijia wrote important volumes such as the Chronicle of the Calendar, and made efforts to complete a better history of the broken dynasty in China. In the same period as Huang Baijia, the Yaojiang historian Shao Tingcai successively compiled the Records of the Song Remnants, the Records of the Ming Relics, the Chronicle of the Southeast, and the Chronicle of the Southwest. Nearly a hundred years after Shao Tingcai, the famous historian Shao Jinhan was specially appointed by Qianlong as a revision official, and participated in the revision and revision of the "Four Libraries of the Whole Book", of which the "Outline of the History Department" and so on were written by him. He also selected the "Continuation Of The Chronicle", "Continuation of the Classic", "Continuation of the Examination", wrote the "Nandu Chronicle" that revised the history of the Southern Song Dynasty, and reviewed the "Continuation of the Zhizhi Tongjian" for Bi Yuan. Thus, it has become the most influential historian in eastern Zhejiang.
Sixth, elegant rhymes and beautiful literature, art garden to increase brilliance.
China's literary works have gone through a long road of creation. She has different forms of expression in different historical periods. In general, it is developed according to the "Han Fu - Tang poetry - Song Ci - Yuan Qu - Ming and Qing novels". Yao Jiang literati also evolved along this formula.
In terms of poetry, Yu Shinan, who was praised by Tang Taizong for his loyalty, erudition, virtue, calligraphy, and "five absolutes" in literature and words, his poetry creation achievements were mainly Lefu poetry. At present, there are 32 surviving poems, which are included in the Quan Tang Poems. His "March from the Army" is heroic, "Drinking Horse Great Wall Cave" is tragic, "Out of the Plug" is full of pride, and "Cicada" is a metaphor for people, high standard and elegant, which can be described as a poetry forest. The Song Dynasty Yao Jiang poet first pushed Gao Yi. His works not only express patriotic voices, but also depict folk customs. There are 189 surviving poems from his "JuJu Collection". In the Yuan Dynasty, Yuyao had a gathering of poets, the Xulan Pavilion Meeting, and forty-two poets chanted and chanted, which became a major event. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, Xie Qian, Feng Lan, Wang Yangming, Ni Zongzheng, Huang Zongxi, Zhang Xinian, Shao Jinhan, Chen Zi, etc. were all famous poets, and their works were passed down to future generations.
In terms of music and art, during the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the Yao River Basin began to appear quite local tunes, interspersed with various temple fairs, social dramas and rural ancestral hall activities, and gradually formed the "Yuyao Cavity" popular in eastern Zhejiang, which was collectively known as the four major singing chambers of "Southern Opera" with Haiyan Cavity, Kunshan Cavity and Yiyang Cavity. In the Ming Dynasty, Yao Jiang's art circle produced several famous masters, the most successful and influential of which were the famous playwrights Ye Xianzu and Lü Tiancheng. Ye Xianzu is an official Gangzheng, and his plays such as "Cursed Seat" and "Easy Water Leaving Love" are also written like his people, and the plot is tragic. He was praised by the people of the time as "Ma Dongli (Zhiyuan), Guan Hanqing as a hand, and he was still angry under the thousand years." He has created 24 kinds of miscellaneous dramas, seven kinds of legends, and has scattered works such as "Ancient Music House Song Collection". Lü Tiancheng, who lived in the same era as Ye Xianzu, was born in a family of generations of officials and eunuchs, and was a talented man. Since the age of twenty, he has been engaged in the creation of dramas, and has written more than 20 kinds of miscellaneous dramas and 13 kinds of legends in his lifetime, and has also edited 28 kinds of traditional southern operas and legends such as "The Book of The Moon" and "The Book of the Return of the Soul". What is particularly valuable is that he collected 212 opera works by ninety-five legendary writers and twenty-five prose writers, preserved the precious historical materials of the repertoire between the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and evaluated them one by one, and collected and created the opera theory masterpiece "Qu Pin". Like the "Poems", "Books" and "Paintings" of her predecessors, she shines with dazzling brilliance in the history of literature and art in China.
In terms of calligraphy and painting, the excavation of the "Han Sanlao Stele" fully shows that as early as a thousand years ago, Yao Jiang literati studied calligraphy. From the Southern Dynasty to the Tang Dynasty, Yu He, Yu Qi, Yu Shiji, Yu Shinan brothers successively active in the book world, especially Yu Shinan as an outstanding representative. He obtained Wang Xizhi, the true essence of Zhiyong's "royal body", and fused the length of the northern body to form a book style of "outer softness and inner rigidity". Together with Ouyang Qian, Chu Suiliang, and Jiang Ji, he was known as the "Four Great Scholars of the Early Tang Dynasty". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the calligraphy of Wang Yangming, Hu Zhengmeng, Jiang Fengyuan, Wei Youben, Shao Yuelian, Weng Qinglong, Yang Jifang and others can be described as a generation of people. Painting art, Ming Dynasty Huang Yi, Yuan Bing, respectively, are outstanding representatives of flower and landscape painting. In the Qing Dynasty, Hu Qin was a famous artist who specialized in grass orchids. Lü Huancheng's landscape and Shi Lin's ink bamboo are treasures. In modern times, the landscapes of Shi Xiaoxuan and Hu Xin, the characters of Zhao Yiqing and Yan Zihong, the flowers and birds of Chen Zhifo and Xie Zhiguang are all danqing magic hands that are famous in the southeast.
Although it is impossible for me to mention the historical facts of humanities in the past generations here, I have outlined the grand situation of "generations of talented people" in the land of Yuyao. According to the "Dictionary of Chinese Famous Names" selected and compiled by the Commercial Press, an authoritative publishing house in China, 192 people from Yao nationality were included, and 37 people from foreign countries moved to Yao, a total of 229 people. This lineup makes Qufu and Zoucheng in Kong Meng's hometown also beyond reach! No wonder it has amazed all generations of famous artists: Fan Zhongyan, a politician and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty, sang "Under the Second Mountain of Yuyao, the most famous in the southeast." "Late Ming Dynasty literary scholar Zhang Daiquat" only Yu Yao customs, the younger child, all read ... The wealth of learning is really a two-legged bookcase. Liang Qichao, a famous scholar in modern times, said: "Yuyao District Yiyi, from the middle of the Ming Dynasty to the middle of the Qing Dynasty, in the past two hundred years, shuo Confucians have emerged, and the style of study has been affected by the whole country and Haidong." "If they can see the achievements of the famous contemporary educators Yang Xianjiang, Jiang Menglin, and Zhu Duanjun, the historians Huang Yunmei, Chen Boying, Wang Zhongji, and Ye Gongqiu, the drama theorists Gu Zhongyi and Sun Jiaxiu, the writer and translator Lou Shiyi, the writer and painter Hu Kao, the writer and poet Chen Hanshan, the writer and famous scholar Yu Qiuyu, the medical scientists Gu Jingfeng and Feng Zengrui, the jurist and pioneer of Chinese criminology Yan Jingyao, the economist Zhou Bodi, the agronomist Shen Zonghan, the water conservancy expert Lou Puli, and other famous artists, they will be even more surprised by Yao Jianghou's radiation "Great radiance".
Third, what do we learn from Yaojiang culture
Yaojiang culture has a long history and is broad and profound. As Professor Yu Qiuyu, a famous contemporary scholar, said in the preface to the "Cultural History of YaoJiang": "Yaojiang culture is a very key acupuncture point in the entire Chinese cultural meridian. "The wisdom of the little Yao River is no less than that of the mighty Yellow River." So, what should we learn from the seven-thousand-year-old cultural river to carry forward the excellent traditional culture and work hard for the great cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period? This is a question that needs to be answered before the contemporary people of Yuyao. As far as my personal understanding is concerned, there are mainly the following:
I. The spirit of loving the country and the hometown and safeguarding the interests of the nation.
We look forward and look up, and the celebrities of Yaojiang in the past, whether they are famous military and political ministers or scholars, are full of patriotism and nostalgia. Yu Shinan went through all the ups and downs of his career, and after experiencing the changes of Chen and Sui and the chaos of Yu culture, he finally saw that only Li Tang could unify the mountains and rivers, and only then did he try his best to assist the government, and he violated Yan Jinzong's advice to Emperor Taizong not to be proud of his merits" and worked together to create the "Zhenguan Prosperous Era". Xie Zhiwang, the grandson of Xie Shixuan, was heartbroken in the face of the wukou ravaging the southeast coast. Hundreds of brave people from the countryside were recruited to carry out the struggle until they were heroically sacrificed. Wang Yangming and Sun Fu, on the other hand, sacrificed themselves to safeguard national unity and struck a blow at Ning Hao's rebellion. In the process of resisting the Qing Dynasty and restoring the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Shunshui repeatedly went overseas to seek help, and finally lived in Japan, although he "drifted to xie fuming", he still did not forget to "return to the cultivation to Siming". In the 1930s and 1940s, after the Japanese militarism invaded on a large scale, Yao Jiang Zhishi rose up against Japan under the leadership of the party and wrote a glorious chapter with blood.
Second, the character of the king who values the people and is diligent in government and serves the people wholeheartedly.
At the turn of the two Han Dynasties, Yao Jiang's famous sage Yan Ziling was in the jianghu and loved Li Min. He admonished Liu Xiuzhongchen: "Huai Ren assists the world in joy, and Ah Zhen obeys the will." Wang Yangming of the Ming Dynasty took "Seek the people's feelings, and wish to hear it" as his motto, even if he was relegated to the barbaric land at that time, he also walked into the people of all ethnic groups to spread culture, guide production, and calm the people's hearts. Huang Zongxi proposed: "Do not take the benefit of the one as the benefit, but let the whole world suffer from it; do not take the harm of the one already as the harm, but let the world release its harm." He also summed up the lessons of the founding emperors of the past who could maintain integrity, and the successors gradually became corrupt, and warned the rulers. Premier Wen Jiabao called this the "Huang Zongxi's Law." This shows the far-reaching significance of this warning. Zhu Shunshui also has the famous saying that "public is born of wisdom, and honesty is born of prestige", advocating fairness and honesty.
Third, envy and evil, and do not fear the arrogance of powerful forces.
As famous sages and celebrities, Yao Jiang characters have always had a tradition of fighting against evil forces. Huang Chang of the Eastern Han Dynasty, when he was too punctual in Renshu County, learned that the local magnates had colluded with local officials to oppress the people, and personally went out to investigate, successively settling unjust cases for more than 700 people, and killing the evil people who caused the trouble. In the Ming Dynasty, the imperial court favored eunuchs, and almost all the people in Yuyao formed an indissoluble vendetta with eunuchs. You see: Xie Qian against Yan Song, Wang Yangming and Ni Zongzheng against Liu Jin, Huang Zunsu, Huang Zongxi and his father and son against Wei Zhongxian, one by one, have made sharp contests, even if they are demoted, dismissed, or even lose their lives, they do not know how to retreat. In the Qing Dynasty, Huang Chunsheng organized the "Eighteenth Bureau" peasant armed forces to fight against Yuyao Zhi County and the landlord Hao Gentry, and once captured the counties of Yuyao and Shangyu. After Huang's sacrifice, the rest of the army joined the Taiping Army and continued to fight.
Fourth, diligent study, continuous progress and learning style.
Yao Jiang students are diligent and studious. Yu Xi of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, born in Yaocheng, was rich, but for academic research, he moved his family to The Hidden Cloud Creek, read history books every day, and watched the sky at night, and finally became a famous astronomer in ancient China. As Yu Yuan of the Southern Dynasty said: "Living in exile without teaching is close to animals." "He himself studied hard to succeed in his studies." There have been works such as "Five Classics on Questions" and "Wenhan". Qian Dehong of the Ming Dynasty studied tirelessly all his life. He was taught by Mr. Tianyang Ming and deeply felt that "since hearing the teachings, his mind has been cheerful." "To the door people is also "teaching each other, sincerity is good." "With a sincere curiosity for knowledge, he has successively written huge articles such as "Xushan Huiyu" and become a generation of great Confucians. In the early Qing Dynasty, the brothers Huang Zongxi, Huang Zongyan, and Huang Zonghui were also the teachings of their fathers and brothers, and they read history books and various works, and became the famous "Three Yellows of Eastern Zhejiang" in the academic community.
The above is undoubtedly the spiritual wealth left to us by predecessors. Let us learn from the inheritance, carry forward and make new achievements for the great rejuvenation of China.
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