Speaking of bees, I believe that many of our friends are not strangers, especially the queen bee, always surrounded by a group of worker bees, it can be said that all the eating and drinking Lasa are all worker bees with six feet hanging a pair of tentacles and mouths to take care of, which can be said to be worthy of the king.
Now we all know that the queen bee is a female bee, and is the only female bee in the bee colony that can mate normally and lay eggs normally, equivalent to a mother in a bee colony, because the queen bee is mated with multiple male bees to store sperm for life, resulting in a very complicated relationship in the bee colony, but no matter how domineering the queen is, after all, it is a "female bee", as long as it is a woman, if you want to have children, you must need a "male bee".
Theoretically, it is said that bees do not necessarily need males, because bees are an insect that will reproduce parthenogenetically, even if there is no male bee, the eggs laid by the queen bee can also develop independently into a complete life body, that is the origin of the male bees, so the queen bee gives birth to male bees, whether mating or not, will give birth, but in the case of the queen bee mating, not only the queen bee can give birth to female bees, but also the male bees, respectively, with fertilized eggs hatched as female bees, unfertilized eggs hatched as male bees, The number of chromosomes also varies with fertilized and unfertilized eggs, so in the bee world, both worker bees and queen bees are diploid bees, but males are haploid.
Although the male bee and the worker bee may be sisters, but it is also possible to be the relationship between the elders and the juniors, especially in the case of no mating of the queen bee, it can be said that each male bee may become the future "father" of a bee swarm, but it is clear that the male bee is not welcomed in the swarm, in addition to the time that the queen needs to mate, it can be said that the male bee may be bullied by the worker bee at any time, roughly we can look at it from the following aspects.
(1) Growing up in the "extremely cold land"
For a bee colony, in fact, the best location is the center of the nest spleen, because the queen bee lays eggs in the central position, and this location is usually the most convenient place to obtain pollen and honey, and it is also the place where the worker bee is most easily fed, and it is also the place where the worker bee maintains the highest temperature and the most stable place, which can be said to be a nest in the bee colony.
From the distribution of bee larvae in the swarm, the location of the center of the hive is usually the nest house of the worker bee, and some of the more prominent nest houses in the corners of the side are the nest houses of the male bees, these locations have a low temperature, which is very easy to be ignored by the worker bees, which shows that the male bees have been abused by the worker bees since birth.
(2) Drag out of the hive in danger
Friends with experience in breeding bees can find that once the bee colony lacks honey or pollen, the bee colony is prone to the phenomenon of "dragging the child", that is, the worker bee drags some larvae out of the nest room, in order to save food, so that the bee colony through the difficult period, if we pay attention to observation, the bee larvae that the bee colony first drags out of the nest door are male bee larvae.
(3) Direct slaughter
In cold places this phenomenon is more common, in the winter comes, the swarm usually does not allow the presence of male bees, worker bees will drive male bees out of the hive before wintering, let the male bees freeze to death or starve to death outside the hive, if there are male bees out of the hive, the worker bees will be slaughtered en masse and then dragged out of the hive, mainly for the winter when the male bees no longer consume food.
Although from the division of labor and cooperation of bees, we can see that the worker bees do not want to see the male bees, in fact, it is good for the bee colony, because the main task of the male bees in the division of labor of the bees is to mate with the queen bee, and the queen bee is mated with multiple male bees at a time, and the sperm is used for life, that is, as long as the queen bee mating is completed, the male bees have no meaning in the bee colony, and it is an indisputable fact from the evolutionary process of the bees and the division of labor in socialization.
As the elder in the swarm, if according to the concept of human beings, in fact, the queen bee and the male bee, one is the "mother" of the bee colony, the other is the "father" in the swarm (the male bee that really gets the mating, dies soon after mating), it should be said that they will be respected, here is not to say that the problem of usefulness and uselessness, as the mother of the bee colony, the queen bee has indeed received a good beginning and a good end, which is evidence.
The life of the queen bee is relatively long, but if there is no death for a long time, it will be alternating with the worker bees, but the worker bees will not be slaughtered or expelled directly like the male bees, but in an alternating way, so that the old king will die naturally, which shows that the worker bees are not completely ruthless, then we can only find the answer from the perspective of genetics.
If we look at the relationship from the relationship, in fact, we can still find some reasons here, I have to say that the relationship between the worker bee and the queen bee is to be closer than the relationship between the worker bee and the male bee.
First of all, male bees and are the product of parthenogenesis, if it is in a normal bee colony, worker bees do not lay eggs, it can be seen that in a normal bee colony, the genetic material of male bees comes from half of the queen bee, because the male bees are unfertilized eggs to develop, and its affinity index with the queen is actually only 0.5;
Worker bees are fertilized eggs to develop, the relationship between worker bees and worker bees has become more complicated, this kinship index relationship we can use r = 0.25 + 0.5 / n to calculate, here r is the kin index, n is the number of male bees mated with the queen bee, this formula in the previous few days of the article in the bee tribe Xiaobian wrote in detail, here there is no need to write again, there is a need for friends to go directly to the article "worker bees to the queen bee to do "nanny", the queen bee cheated the worker bees for 30 million years? Worker bees are the biggest winners, here we can just set the formula.
Through the bee affinity index relationship formula, we can find that no matter how close the male bee and the worker bee are, even if it is the male bee that lays eggs and hatches, the kinship index between them and the worker bee is at most 0.5; it is not difficult for us to apply the formula to find that if it is a sibling of the worker bee, the kinship index between the worker bee and the worker bee can reach 0.75, which is the possible kinship index relationship between the queen bee and the worker bee, which completely exceeds the kinship index relationship between the worker bee and the male bee.
Therefore, the worker bee is so abusive to the male bee, from the perspective of the evolutionary process of the bee and the socialized division of labor, it seems to be a simple choice made for the development of the race, but from the perspective of kinship, it is true that the relationship between the male bee and the worker bee is not as close as the relationship between the worker bee and the queen bee. What do you think about that? Welcome to leave a comment below, like a friend to click a follow, we will see you tomorrow.