Many farmers like to grow some vegetables to eat, one can eat at any time, both convenient and fresh, the second is that the safety of their own vegetables is relatively high, do not have to worry about pesticide hormones and other residual problems in vegetables, third, the price of vegetables is so expensive now, they can grow their own food can leave a lot of money.
Some people will plant a few vegetables in the vegetable garden according to the furrow, and some people will plant some vegetables in the row between the rows of field crops or in the open space between the rows of fruit trees in the orchard.
If everyone grows vegetables just for their own food, then a single vegetable should not be planted too much (a single type and can not be eaten), try to choose a few different vegetables into a reasonable combination and then set seeds (there are many kinds, you can always change the dish to eat).
There are many benefits to vegetable planting. High and low layers, interstitial rows, complementary and beneficial sets of vegetables, not only can maximize the use of limited land resources, to achieve a multi-cropping effect of multi-season, one place more harvest, but also to maximize the use of space, light, ventilation and other resources in the field, so that the growth of vegetables is better, the yield is higher, but also the use of complementary and mutual assistance between different vegetables, to achieve stable soil ecological environment, improve geological soil conditions, inhibit and reduce diseases and insect pests, land and land cultivation combined effect, in addition, Because different vegetables have different requirements for the soil and the nutrients that are mainly absorbed in the soil, this can play a role in balancing various nutrients in the soil, preventing vegetable physiological deficiencies, and improving the quality of vegetables.
In a word, vegetable planting has many benefits and advantages. However, the varieties of vegetables planted can not be blindly and arbitrarily selected, we should be based on the growth characteristics of different vegetables for a reasonable combination of them, otherwise a variety of vegetables not only can not play a "complementary and mutual assistance" effect of increasing production and income, but also play a negative yield reduction effect of "mutual inhibition and mutual harm" for the healthy growth of various types of vegetables.
In order to make everyone better and more correct set of vegetables, today's agricultural technology small back basket will tell you about the basic principles of vegetable (including other crops) set of seeds, tell you how to correctly choose and reasonably match the combination of vegetables, in the back of the article will also give you a summary and share some common vegetables and other crops the best combination of varieties.
First, what principles need to be followed in vegetable planting? How do I choose the type of vegetables that I want to grow with?
1. Pay attention to the plant-shaped combination of vegetables
In order to make more full use of the space, light and ventilation conditions in the field, so that each set of vegetables can grow better under the conditions of high and low order, up and down, we must pay attention to see if all kinds of vegetables have the best combination of plant shape, such as high and short vegetables for collocation.
In this agricultural technology small back basket to give you advice: plant tall vegetables and low plant shape vegetables with a set of seeds, loose and dense vegetables with compact branches and leaves, sparse vegetables with seeds, horizontal growth of vegetables and vertical growth of branches and leaves with vegetables with seeds, round leaf vegetables and pointed leaf vegetables for planting. For example, corn and potato seeding, sorghum and soybeans, cucumber and Cabbage for planting are all more reasonable plant-shaped combination planting patterns.
2. Pay attention to the combination of growth period of vegetables
Choose different vegetables in the growth period with sets of seeds, we must have the main vegetables and secondary vegetables, the main species of vegetables should choose a longer growth period, a slightly late ripening period and can be harvested for a long time, the vegetables of the secondary species should choose a shorter growth period, a relatively early maturity harvest period and can be harvested at one time, so that not only can more fully use the field light resources, the main and secondary vegetables complement each other to affect the growth, but also allow the main vegetables and the vegetables of the secondary species to obtain higher yields.
In this agricultural technology small back basket to give you advice: when planting vegetables, try to choose the growth period of "one long (main species) one short (secondary seed)", mature harvest period "one morning (secondary seed) one night (main seed)" vegetables for matching and planting. For example, cucumbers, tomatoes and other eggplant fruits and melon vegetables are selected as the main crops, and fruits and vegetables such as cabbage, radish, spinach, hollow cabbage, lettuce, amaranth, and oil wheat vegetables are selected as secondary crops.
In addition, we can also choose vegetables with the same sowing period, transplanting period and mature period for planting, so that the advantage of planting can be convenient for unified management in the field.
3. Pay attention to the combination of root system depth and shallowness of vegetables
This is relatively simple, that is, when choosing a set of vegetables, it is best to be able to combine vegetables with deep roots into the soil and vegetables with shallow roots into the soil, so that the deep root vegetables and shallow root vegetables are covered, and the two layers absorb the nutrients in the soil, and can more fully absorb and utilize the nutrients in the deep soil and shallow soil. For example, in the corn field to plant kidney beans, etc., these two crops have a deep root system, a shallow root system, one absorbs more nitrogen fertilizer, one requires less nitrogen fertilizer, and after the set of seeds, the two crops can grow better and have higher yields.
4. Pay attention to the combination of soil acidity and alkalinity requirements for vegetables
Different vegetables, suitable for growth of soil acidity is not the same, such as peanuts, strawberries, potatoes, watermelon, sweet potatoes, etc. like to grow in the acidic soil, while celery, green onions, spinach, melon, sugar beet, lettuce, carrots, etc. like to grow in alkaline soil, other such as eggplant, kidney beans, tomatoes, radish, rape, coriander, etc. are generally most suitable for growing in neutral soil.
Therefore, when we plant vegetables, we should first look at whether the soil is acidic or alkaline, and then choose the appropriate type of acid-loving or alkali-loving vegetables according to the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, otherwise, mistakenly plant the vegetables that like acid (or alkaline) on the alkaline (or acidic) soil, which is not good at all.
5. Pay attention to the combination of positive and strong vegetables
In the choice of vegetable types, we should also pay attention to whether the vegetables are sunny or shade-tolerant, in the vegetable set, it is best to be able to combine the vegetables of the sun with the shade-tolerant vegetables, and in the actual planting, we should pay attention to the planting of the vegetables of the sun in the field, and the shade-tolerant vegetables can be planted on the backlit surface.
In general, most of the vegetables are sun-loving, such as nightshade fruits, melons and fruits, underground rhizome vegetables are more sufficient light, and celery, kale, artemisia, mint, lettuce, taro and most of the leafy vegetables, their demand for sunlight is relatively less, in other words, more shade-tolerant. Let's pay attention to reasonable collocation when planting vegetables.
6. Pay attention to the combination of moisture tolerance of vegetables
When planting vegetables, we should pay attention to trying to plant vegetables that like water or moisture or try to plant vegetables with poor water resistance and moisture tolerance, otherwise we can't water when we need to water these vegetables in the growth process, and the more wet-loving vegetables can grow well, and the vegetables that are not wet-tolerant will rot and die, and the vegetables that are less drought-loving can grow well, and the vegetables that like moisture can not grow well.
Agricultural technology small back basket here suggests: set of vegetables should choose the same kind of water-loving, can not like the wet soil vegetables and not tolerant of wet water vegetables together with the vegetables that are not tolerant of moisture, otherwise both vegetables will grow badly. For example, celery, hollow cabbage, cabbage and other leafy vegetables, as well as tomatoes, cucumbers, zucchini, loofah and other vegetables in the flowering and fruiting period like to grow in a humid soil environment, while radish, green onions, onions, okra, sweet potatoes, yams, peanuts, soybeans, sunflowers and other crops are relatively drought-tolerant.
7. Pay attention to the complementary combination of vegetables
If the two crops are planted together, if the two have various negative adverse effects on each other's normal growth after the two are planted, then they are suitable for planting together; conversely, if the two can produce positive promotion effects in terms of environment, growth, yield, etc., then these two crops are more suitable for planting.
In general, vegetables belonging to the same kind and the same subject are not suitable for planting, such vegetables are easy to produce more serious diseases and insect pests, and are more likely to occur soil deficiency, such as onions, ginger, garlic, leeks are easy to plant more serious soil-borne diseases and insect pests. If we set cucumbers and peppers, leeks and cabbage can play a very good disease control effect, the former combination of seeds can reduce the occurrence of anthrax and downy mildew, and the latter combination of seeds can reduce the occurrence of soft rot of cabbage.
Second, the commonness is suitable for the combination of planting crops
1. Suitable for crop combination of planting
(1) Corn and pumpkin, soybeans, cabbage, peppers, peas, garlic, cucumbers; (2) carrots and shallots, ginger, garlic, peas, lettuce; (3) watermelon and garlic, peppers, cotton; (4) leeks and tomatoes, Chinese cabbage, tank beans; (5) garlic and potatoes, cotton, rape; (6) lettuce and cabbage, spinach, cabbage; (7) ginger and bitter melon; (8) cabbage and tomatoes, lettuce and tomatoes; (9) eggplant and green onions, Cabbage; (10) onions and peas; (11) sweet potatoes and sesame seeds; (12) cucumbers and peppers, celery, cabbage; (13) tomatoes and winter melons, leeks, leeks, Kale, shallots, onions; (14) wheat and cotton, onions, tobacco, peas, broad beans, potatoes; (15) cotton and sorghum; (16) cabbage and lettuce, mint; (17) eggplant and scallions, lettuce; (18) leeks and chinese cabbage, tank beans; (19) onions and carrots; (20) soybeans and bitter melons, winter melons, loofahs; (21) cabbage and small cabbage hearts; (22) taro and melons, Chinese cabbage; (23) watermelon and ginger; (24) four seasons beans and chives, shallots; (25) spinach and chinese cabbage, four-season beans, carrots; (26) beans and cherry blossoms; (27) lettuce and seasoned beans, Carrots; (28) Tomatoes, rapeseed, zucchini three sets of seeds; (29) peppers, lettuce, zucchini three sets of seeds; (30) tomatoes, cucumbers, coriander three sets of seeds; (31) peppers, beans, rapeseed, zucchini four sets of seeds; (32) eggplant, winter melon, cauliflower, lettuce four sets of seeds; (33) kale, cucumber, pepper three sets of seeds; (34) spring cabbage, summer cucumber, celery three sets of seeds; (35) garlic and lettuce, beet, carrot; 36 celery and tomatoes, onions, peas; 37 cabbage and spinach, lettuce; 38 onions and celery, fennel 39 peas with cabbage, carrots, etc.
2. About the orchard fruit tree row is suitable for planting crops
The inter-row open space of the orchard fruit tree is also suitable for planting some melon fruits and vegetables, such as planting some soybeans, peanuts and various kinds of green leafy vegetables with short growing seasons between the rows of fruit trees, but the orchard planting should pay attention to the following two points: (1) the fruit tree planting sparse orchard and the orchard dominated by the young fruit tree and the canopy has not been closed, which is suitable for planting crops between the rows of fruit trees; (2) The fruit tree planting density is relatively large, and the canopy of the adult fruit tree has been closed, which is not suitable for planting crops between the row of fruit trees; (3) All tall poles, Vine-like, underground tuber-based crops are not suitable for planting between tree rows in orchards.
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